Sentences with phrase «use average emission»

Moreover, using the average emission scenario (IS92a) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, we predict that the calcification rate of scleractinian - dominated communities may decrease by 21 % between the pre-industrial period (year 1880) and the time at which pCO2 will double (year 2065).

This means that the true environmental benefit of an energy efficiency program may be ∼ 20 % smaller than anticipated if one were to use average emissions factors.

Not exact matches

Newer SAGD plants such as Connacher Oil and Gas's Great Divide have managed to nearly eliminate fresh water use — they use non-potable water from aquifers and recycle it — and reduce GHG emissions by about 20 % compared to the industry average through more efficient burning of natural gas, cogeneration of electricity and reduced heat loss on the steam's journey underground.

This average meal uses up to 17 times more petroleum products, and increases carbon dioxide emissions by the same amount, compared to an entirely local meal.

The LCA examined the effects of a 1 kilogram industry - average corrugated product manufactured in 2014 on seven environmental impact indicators: global warming potential (greenhouse gas emissions), eutrophication, acidification, smog, ozone depletion, respiratory effects, fossil fuel depletion; and four inventory indicators: water use, water consumption, renewable energy demand, and non-renewable energy demand.

With an average of 77.5 % recycled across Europe in 20151, steel for packaging is already the most recycled packaging material in Europe, bringing - great savings in emissions, resource and energy use.

Similarly, Fonterra said GRAIN's average emissions factor estimate is more than double the amount used by the New Zealand dairy industry.

Starbucks Seattle, WA Restaurants 211 million green kWh, 20 % of total power used A 2006 audit showed that a whopping 81 percent of the coffee giant's greenhouse emissions came from the conventional energy it used to power its North American stores; each square foot consumed an average of 6.57 kWh of electricity a month.

Three approaches were used to evaluate the outstanding «carbon budget» (the total amount of CO2 emissions compatible with a given global average warming) for 1.5 °C: re-assessing the evidence provided by complex Earth System Models, new experiments with an intermediate - complexity model, and evaluating the implications of current ranges of uncertainty in climate system properties using a simple model.

Assuming that the kosher consumer replaces the average American's four pounds of shrimp a year (and its 9.79 pounds, or 4.4 kilograms, of carbon dioxide emissions) with another fish, Canadian North Atlantic herring is a good choice: it takes around 5.28 gallons (20 liters) of fuel to purse seine (net using two trawlers) a metric ton of these small fish, according to Dalhousie, releasing about 117 pounds (53 kilograms) of carbon dioxide — meaning four pounds of herring have a carbon footprint of a mere 0.21 pound (0.09 kilogram).

In his new paper, Lovejoy applies the same approach to the 15 - year period after 1998, during which globally averaged temperatures remained high by historical standards, but were somewhat below most predictions generated by the complex computer models used by scientists to estimate the effects of greenhouse - gas emissions.

The embassy has been using Twitter to publish average hourly readings of particulate matter that's less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter (PM2.5): fine particles from combustion and industrial emissions that penetrate deeply into the lungs and are linked to heart disease and other health problems.

This study used cerebral perfusion imaging with single photon emission computed emission tomography (SPECT) to examine the brains of the largest group of retired and current NFL players investigated to date, a total of 161 individuals with an average age of 52.

«The average per capita resource use in wealthy countries is 5 to 10 times higher than in developing countries, and the developed countries are responsible for over three quarters of cumulative greenhouse gas emissions from 1850 to 2000.»

The Met Office Hadley Centre (Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research) climate change model, Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3 (HadCM3)[53], a coupled atmosphere - ocean general circulation model, was used for the time intervals 2020, 2050 and 2080 (note these date represent a time windows of ten years either side of the time interval date, i.e. 2020 is an average of the years 2010 — 2029, 2050 for 2040 — 2059 and 2080 for 2070 — 2089), under three emission scenarios of the IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater Emissions Scenarios (SRES)[54]: scenario A1B (maximum energy requirements; emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater emissions differentiated dependent on fuel sources; balance across sources), A2A (high energy requirements; emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater emissions less than A1 / Fl) and B2A (lower energy requirements; emissions greater emissions greater than B1).

Although sustainability guidelines are unlikely to be included in the final version of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the Advisory Committee included the following statement in their initial report: «Consistent evidence indicates that, in general, a dietary pattern that is higher in plant - based foods, such as vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts and seeds, and lower in animal - based foods is more health promoting and is associated with lesser environmental impact (greenhouse gas emissions and energy, land, and water use) than is the current average U.S. diet.

Each image, taken using a positron emission tomography, or PET, scan, is based on averaged images from a group of six subjects with ADHD and six control subjects.

The good thing about using a plug - in hybrid setup is improved fuel efficiency, and Land Rover claims the Range Rover Sport P400e averages just 2.8 l / 100 km (101 mpg UK), with corresponding CO2 emissions of only 64 g / km.

The 2015 edition of the EPA's annual report «Light - Duty Automotive Technology, Carbon Dioxide Emissions, and Fuel Economy Trends» estimates the following utility factors for 2015 model year plug - in hybrids to represent the percentage of miles that will be driven using electricity by an average driver, whether in electric only or blended modes: 83 % for the BMW i3 REx, 66 % for the Chevrolet Volt, 45 % for the Ford Energi models, 43 % for the McLaren P1, 37 % for the BMW i8, and 29 % for the Toyota Prius PHV.

Despite its sporty performance (0 - 100 km / h in 7.8 seconds, top speed of 201 km / h), the study uses just 4.9 litres of premium fuel for every 100 km, while CO2 emissions average a mere 112 g / km.

From what I understand from the report the 168 kg of CO2 figure is calculated based on the paper - books emissions that are saved while using the Kindle (in average).

Emma Ritch, the author of the report, writes that «Any additional years of use result in net carbon savings, equivalent to an average of 168 kg of CO2 per year (the emissions produced in the manufacture and distribution of 22.5 books).»

Where HRG clients are also using the UK Rail facility within HRG Online, the results page will display a CO2 emissions average which compares the carbon footprint of both an air and a rail route.

Today, LATAM Airlines Group's fleet averages seven years old, one of the most modern in the industry, resulting in greater fuel use efficiencies and less greenhouse gas emissions.

Jos de Laat had helpfully replied to two previous questions (concerning what was included in the emissions and the method used for the average trend), and I'm sure he or the other authors involved would have been happy to clarify anything else that might have come up.

In the meantime, the world's poorest two or three billion people, emitting less than one ton of carbon dioxide per person per year (compared to the 20 tons per - capita average of the United States), could be propelled out of poverty with additional fossil fuel use without substantially interfering with efforts to rein in the richest populations» emissions.

In Europe, HP has already reduced fleet average GHG emissions by using more energy - efficient vehicles.

LaRoche says the average residential customer uses about 1,000 therms of natural gas per year, which results in about five tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.

They account for about 6 percent of an average home's energy use, so if a home's electricity comes from fossil fuels, they add to greenhouse gas emissions.

Roger Duncan, a deputy general manager of Austin Energy... said that «it's hard to say what impact it will have on the nation as a whole,» but that in regions that use cleaner - than - average power sources, like Austin or California, it would provide a clear emissions benefit.

While generators used more natural gas for electricity generation, overall CO2 emissions from natural gas were down because of lower gas heating demand this winter when temperatures were significantly above the historical average for the season.

(ppm) Year of Peak Emissions Percent Change in global emissions Global average temperature increase above pre-industrial at equilibrium, using «best estimate» climate sensitivity CO 2 concentration at stabilization (2010 = 388 ppm) CEmissions Percent Change in global emissions Global average temperature increase above pre-industrial at equilibrium, using «best estimate» climate sensitivity CO 2 concentration at stabilization (2010 = 388 ppm) Cemissions Global average temperature increase above pre-industrial at equilibrium, using «best estimate» climate sensitivity CO 2 concentration at stabilization (2010 = 388 ppm) CO 2 - eq.

Heating and cooling alone account for 35 to 60 percent of energy use in buildings resulting in nearly 40 percent of urban emissions, globally, on average.

In addition to Sony's operational emission reduction targets, the company is also announcing additional 2020 commitments including a goal to reduce the annual energy use of their products by 30 per cent on average (compared to 2013 levels), a goal to increase the use of renewable energy, a target to reduce logistic - related emissions by 10 per cent, and a program to engage suppliers and contract manufacturers to reduce their GHG emissions.

Moving the current average global efficiency rate of coal - fired power plants from 33 % to 40 %, using more advanced off - the - shelf technology, could cut two gigatonnes of CO2 emissions.

2: Our Changing Climate, Key Message 5).2 Regional climate models (RCMs) using the same emissions scenario also project increased spring precipitation (9 % in 2041 - 2062 relative to 1979 - 2000) and decreased summer precipitation (by an average of about 8 % in 2041 - 2062 relative to 1979 - 2000) particularly in the southern portions of the Midwest.12 Increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme precipitation are projected across the entire region in both GCM and RCM simulations (Figure 18.6), and these increases are generally larger than the projected changes in average precipitation.12, 2

In 2006, the European Union (EU), which consists of 27 members, committed to reducing its global warming emissions by at least 20 percent of 1990 levels by 2020, to consuming 20 percent of its energy from renewable sources by 2020, and to reducing its primary energy use by 20 percent from projected levels through increased energy efficiency.1 The EU has also committed to spending $ 375 billion a year to cut greenhouse gas emissions by at least 80 percent by 2050 compared to 1990 levels.2 The EU is meeting these goals through binding national commitments which vary depending on the unique situation of a given country but which average out to the overall targets.

One Planet Living principle Masdar Target ZERO CARBON 100 per cent of energy supplied by renewable energy — Photovoltaics, concentrated solar power, wind, waste to energy and other technologies ZERO WASTE 99 per cent diversion of waste from landfill (includes waste reduction measures, re-use of waste wherever possible, recycling, composting, waste to energy) SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT Zero carbon emissions from transport within the city; implementation of measures to reduce the carbon cost of journeys to the city boundaries (through facilitating and encouraging the use of public transport, vehicle sharing, supporting low emissions vehicle initiatives) SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS Specifying high recycled materials content within building products; tracking and encouraging the reduction of embodied energy within material sand throughout the construction process; specifying the use of sustainable materials such as Forest Stewardship Council certified timber, bamboo and other products SUSTAINABLE FOOD Retail outlets to meet targets for supplying organic food and sustainable and or fair trade products SUSTAINABLE WATER Per capita water consumption to be at least 50 per cent less than the national average; all waste water to be re-used HABITATS AND WILDLIFE All valuable species to be conserved or relocated with positive mitigation targets CULTURE AND HERITAGE Architecture to integrate local values.

Using global climate models and the various IS92 emissions scenarios, the SAR projected the future average global surface temperature change to 2100 (Figure 4).

Using this data set we find that atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions have increased by over 40 % from 1990 to 2008 with an annual average increase of 3.7 % over the five - year period 2003 — 2007.

«The CO2 numbers [in the oil sands] sound frightening when only the production and refining are taken into account... Yet once the oil is burned, a variety of sources say the total lifecycle impact of oil sands relative to the average crude used in the U.S. is much smaller, including the Council on Foreign Relations (17 percent higher emissions) and Cambridge Energy Research Associates (5 - 15 percent).»

Green house gases emissions in the production and use of ethanol from sugarcane in Brazil: The 2005/2006 averages and a prediction for 2020

This chart uses historical GHG emissions data and the targets and timetables in submitted pre-2020 pledges (for 2020 reductions) and INDCs to estimate the average annual change in emissions (decarbonization rate) from 2020 - 2030.

It notes that: 80 % of carbon dioxide emissions come from only 19 countries; the amount of carbon dioxide per US$ 1 GDP has dropped by 23 % since 1992, indicating some decoupling of economic growth from resource use; nearly all mountain glaciers around the world are retreating and getting thinner; and sea levels have been rising at an average rate of about 2.5 mm per year since 1992.

From 2001 to 2010, land - use carbon emissions from palm oil in Indonesia averaged 216 to 268 million tons — that's equivalent to the emissions from 45 to 55 million cars, 56 to 70 coal - fired power plants, or the annual energy use from 20 to 25 million homes.

Land - use changes, such as deforestation and fires, comprised 11 % of total emissions in 2017, marginally down from the 13 % average over the past decade.

-- Where it is not possible to determine the precise electricity emissions intensity factor for an entity using the methodology in clause (i), the person selling electricity shall use the monthly average data reported by the Energy Information Administration or collected and reported by the Administrator for the utility serving the entity to determine the electricity emissions intensity factor.

-- For each strategic reserve auction held in 2015 and each year thereafter, the minimum strategic reserve auction price shall be 60 percent above a rolling 36 - month average of the daily closing price for that year's emission allowance vintage as reported on registered carbon trading facilities, calculated using constant dollars.

It is the weighted average of the price of energy times the carbon dioxide emission coefficient, with energy used as weights.

Doubled CO2 simulations using this model show an increase in annual average wetland methane emissions from 156 to 277 Tg / yr, a rise of 78 %.