The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor program in the south of France will
use magnetic fusion and employ strong magnetic fields to hold and fuse hydrogen plasma.
Not exact matches
Also backed by the United States, Russia, China and Japan, ITER is the largest of the various
fusion experiments underway and proposes to trigger
fusion using a super-conducting
magnetic compression process.
In research machines such as
fusion reactors, scientists
use strong
magnetic fields to confine plasma, but those fields interfere with seeing what might happen during a natural dynamo.
Targeted biopsy
using new
fusion technology that combines
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ultrasound is more effective than standard biopsy in detecting high - risk prostate cancer, according to a large - scale study published today in JAMA.
In a recent paper published in EPJ H, Fritz Wagner from the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics in Germany, gives a historical perspective outlining how our gradual understanding of improved confinement regimes for what are referred to as toroidal
fusion plasmas — confined in a donut shape
using strong
magnetic fields — have developed since the 1980s.
But if we do away with solid vessels and
use magnetic fields (such as in
fusion reactors) instead, then higher temperatures can be reached.
It is an experimental
fusion machine based on the «tokamak» concept — a toroidal (doughnut - shaped)
magnetic configuration that is
used to create and maintain the conditions for controlled
fusion reactions.
Inertial confinement
fusion (ICF) seeks to create those conditions by taking a tiny capsule of
fusion fuel (typically a mixture of the hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium) and crushing it at high speed
using some form of «driver,» such as lasers, particle beams, or
magnetic pulses.
Since the operating temperature for
fusion is in the hundreds of millions degrees Celsius, hotter than any known material can withstand, engineers found they could contain a plasma — a neutral electrically conductive, high - energy state of matter — at these temperatures
using magnetic fields.
(ITER
uses a different approach, called
magnetic confinement
fusion.)
Despite proposed cuts to the U.S.
magnetic fusion program, a new report advocates a parallel effort to pursue
fusion energy
using the rival inertial confinement scheme.
Most
fusion research focuses on
magnetic confinement,
using powerful electromagnets to contain a thin plasma of hydrogen isotopes and heat it until the nuclei fuse.
In fact, some of the more promising technologies involved with nuclear
fusion research
use magnetic fields to contain plasmas.
American researchers have shown that prospective
magnetic fusion power systems would pose a much lower risk of being
used for the production of weapon — usable materials than nuclear fission reactors and their associated fuel cycle.
PPPL has
used such diagnostic systems, called X-ray crystal spectrometers, for decades to study the data from the laboratory's
magnetic fusion research.
New research suggests scientists are getting close to
using magnetic fields and powerful particle beams to control
fusion reactions.
Creating the new spectrometer are physicists Kenneth Hill and Manfred Bitter, whose diagnostic designs are
used in
magnetic fusion experiments around the world.
The concept
uses a laser to heat
fusion fuel contained in a small cylinder as it is compressed by the huge
magnetic field of Sandia's massive Z accelerator.
A main goal of tokamak research is to
use magnetic plasma confinement to develop the means of operating high - pressure
fusion plasmas near stability and controllability boundaries while avoiding the occurrence of transient events that can degrade performance or terminate the plasma discharge.
Stellarators are
fusion devices that
use twisting, potato chip - shaped
magnetic coils to confine the plasma that fuels
fusion reactions in a three - dimensional and steady - state
magnetic field.
Originally proposed in a 2010 Sandia theoretical paper, the concept
uses a laser to heat
fusion fuel contained in a small cylinder (called a liner) as it is compressed by the huge
magnetic field of Sandia's massive Z accelerator.
Stellarators are
fusion facilities that confine plasma in twisty
magnetic fields, compared with the symmetrical fields that tokamaks
use.
A tokamak, the most advanced
magnetic fusion concept,
uses magnetic fields in a donut - shaped ring to confine, heat, and squeeze plasma until it ignites, and then holds the burning plasma in place.
The plasmas in NSTX are, like most
fusion experiments, confined
using magnetic fields and walls designed to withstand the heat from plasmas with temperatures that exceed 100 million degrees Centigrade.
Unlike inertial systems,
magnetic systems have reached the temperature necessary for
fusion, but only through external heating devices that themselves
use so much energy that you get no net energy out while they are on.