Sentences with phrase «use of the heat flux»

Not exact matches

Now, a team of Italian physicists has developed a predictive theoretical model for heat flux in these materials, using atom - scale calculations.

They have concluded that there is loss of sensitivity beyond about 500 years, and while more widespread but noisier geothermal heat flux measurements can be used to go back further, the resulting estimates are far more tentative and quite subject to a priori constraints in the required mathematical inversion.

In fact, using their corrected forcings and assuming HadCRUT4 temperature changes, together with observationally based estimates of heat flux to the oceans and elsewhere, I would estimate ECS values of 0.8 to 1.3 C and TCRs of 0.7 to 1.1 C — even lower than those in your paper.

If I understand correctly, you would like to use data from N / N surface files and pressure level files, together, to make a new calculation of Latent heat flux?

Dessler (2011) used observational data (such as surface temperature measurements and ARGO ocean temperature) to estimate and corroborate these values, and found that the heating of the climate system through ocean heat transport was 20 times larger than TOA energy flux changes due to cloud cover over the period in question.

If the corrected 2005 Levitus dataset ocean heat flux data and the GISS change in radiative forcings estimates were used, (Q — F) in the Gregory 02 equation (3) would be centred on 0.68 Wm - 2 instead of on 0.20 Wm - 2.

To return to the original upward IR heat flux after increasing the CO2, the ground temperature must be increased by some value which is entered via Temperature Offset, C. Using the tropical atmosphere and Archibald's CO2 values, the adjustment is 0.11 °C which would yield an increase for doubling of 0.76 °C.

I wanted to have the land be somewhat realistic, so instead of using a completely idealized land surface I wanted to use the community land model (CLM) component of CESM, which calculates surface sensible and latent heat fluxes based on soil and vegetation types.

Instead of burning a fossil fuel for the heat needed to drive the thermal chemistry process, for chemical reactions like splitting H2 (hydrogen) from H2O, scientists have been testing various kinds of reactors heated by the thermal form of solar, using mirrors to concentrate the solar flux.

Bottom panels show the present - day, annually averaged sensible heat (c) and evaporation (d) fluxes poleward of 60N for a 16 - member CMIP5 climate model ensemble using the RCP8.5 scenario.

They then estimated the heat flux into the thermocline using a standard (accepted) model, with a thermocline eddy diffusion coefficient of 1.2E - 5 m ^ 2 / s from Ledwell: We estimate s by using this slope along with k = 1.2x10 - 5 m2 / s (the eddy diffusion coefficient in the thermocline [Ledwell et al., 1998]-RRB- So if they are wrong, either their basic model is wrong (which seems unlikely - it is just a simple energy balance model after all), or their choice of eddy diffusion coefficient is wrong.

Well - known examples of such cases are the direct radiative forcing of black carbon (BC) and other absorbing aerosols and the changes in latent and sensible heat fluxes due to land - use modifications.

However, an assessment of transports at 48 ° N using five repeat World Ocean Circulation Experiment sections and air - sea heat and freshwater fluxes as input to an inverse box model yielded no significant trend in the meridional overturning at that latitude (Lumpkin et al., 2008), though the time period studied was relatively short (1993 - 2000).

Heat flux between layers (e.g. H54 in the schematic) is calculated using the temperature values for the previous time step for the two adjacent layers then using the conducted heat formula: q» = k. (T5 - T4) / d54, where k = conductivity, and d54 = distance between center of each layer 5 to the center of layeHeat flux between layers (e.g. H54 in the schematic) is calculated using the temperature values for the previous time step for the two adjacent layers then using the conducted heat formula: q» = k. (T5 - T4) / d54, where k = conductivity, and d54 = distance between center of each layer 5 to the center of layeheat formula: q» = k. (T5 - T4) / d54, where k = conductivity, and d54 = distance between center of each layer 5 to the center of layer 4.

Process - based studies have focused on understanding the role of the land surface on climate, with research looking into the regional impact of historical or hypothetical (future scenario) land - use change on climate, as well as understanding diurnal - scale relationships between surface fluxes of heat and moisture and subsequent atmospheric processes such as convection and the generation of precipitation.

Tower CSP (concentrated solar power) is a thermal form of solar that uses reflected sunlight off mirrors (heliostats) that track the sun to remain focused onto a receiver at the top of a tower, where the reflected and concentrated sunlight, or solar flux, heats a molten salt mix of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate (common chemicals also used in agriculture) to about 565 C.

The radiative heat transfer physics I am using is standard from long before climate science borrowed the incorrect two - stream approximation from astrophysics and made the mistake, from meteorology, of assuming a pyrometer measures energy flux instead of a temperature signal.

TNR is positive and in the physical sense represents the excess of radiation energy that has not been used to heat the Earth's surface, and instead is available for ground fluxes (usually very small) and primarily to sustain the sensible and latent heat fluxes, thereby closing the surface energy budget.

In addition to the data from the radiometers, the Berkeley Lab scientists will get supplemental data by taking advantage of a separate, in - depth DOE climate study at the same location, which is using additional instruments and a balloon - borne sounding system to get information on temperature, cloud cover, the density and types of aerosols or pollution particles, heat fluxes and other climate variables like precipitation.

This is discussed here, but the calculation is easy — global energy use is about 15 TW, area of the planet is 5.1 × 10 ^ 14 m2, therefore the heat flux is ~ 0.03 W / m2.

My approach in the paper (the application example in http://www.springerlink.com/content/6677gr5lx8421105/fulltext.pdf) is that we can directly use the energy conservation equation to analyze the climate feedbacks which essentially are the changes in the energy cycle of the climate system, including both the radiative feedbacks and also dynamic feedbacks (surface heat fluxes and atmospheric / oceanic energy transport feedbacks).

So understanding how the earth's surfaces accommodates an increased flux of heat is key to understanding climate sensitivity IMO, and using the surface forcing seems to be the logical way to approach this.