Sentences with phrase «used by chemists»

Because solvents are used by chemists to carry out chemical reactions or observe chemical and biological phenomena, more specific measures of polarity are required.

This reaction is similar to that used by chemists to make pyrroles in the laboratory.

Although the team is focusing on medical scanner technology, French believes the lasers could cut the cost of sophisticated equipment used by chemists and physicists.

Not exact matches

The scale that scientists use to describe a chili's heat was developed in 1912 by Wilbur Scoville, a chemist at Parke - Davis pharmaceutical company in Detroit.

To address this, scientists at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, led by chemist Jianghong Rao, have taken advantage of a naturally produced TB protein known as BlaC to create an efficient detection method that uses a simple fluorescent molecule.

When I was at Bell Labs, I was surrounded by amazing organic chemists who could cook up all kinds of interesting polymers and organic molecules that we could use to build transistors.

The researchers also say that the development of this synthetic route will enable chemists to attenuate the toxicity and potentially improve α - amanitin's activity against cancer, something that is only made possible by the use of synthetic derivatives.

The new material, described online 25 April in Science by synthetic chemist Andreas Lendlein of mnemoScience GmbH in Aachen, Germany, and biomedical engineer Robert Langer of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, is composed of two polymers, each already used separately in clinical applications such as drug delivery.

Now, chemists at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, have memorialized a paragraph of Feynman's speech in a most appropriate way, by writing it in an area just one - thousandth the size of a pinhead, using multiple «inks» that line up with one another to produce features as small as 5 nanometers.

He took blood samples prepared by Cetero chemists and used mass specs to perform «runs» — tests to see how much of a drug is in patients» blood — that must always be performed with control samples.

What industrial chemists did know was that by tinkering with a highly reactive molecule called a phenol they were able to devise countless synthetic chemicals for use in new materials.

When Zosel passed a stream of supercritical carbon dioxide through wet coffee beans he was already familiar with the way chemists used supercritical fluids (SCFs) to purify mixtures of chemicals by dissolving out unwanted components.

«Based on their work, neutrons have been used by thousands of chemists, physicists and materials scientists to look at the structure of all classes of materials,» says Jack Rush, head of neutron scattering at the National Institute of Standards and Technology near Washington DC.

In 2015, chemists from Cambridge University, led by John Sutherland, who is a co-author on the current study, discovered a way to synthesize the precursors to RNA using just hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, and ultraviolet light — all ingredients that are thought to have been available on early Earth, before the appearance of the first life forms.

Around 1300 painters began using lead - tin yellow, a pigment formed by heating lead and tin oxides in a crucible to tremendously high temperatures; chemists could control the hue by varying the temperature.

Earlier research at Rice by chemist and chemical engineer Matteo Pasquali, a co-author on the new paper, used an acid dissolution process to keep the nanotubes separated until they could be spun into fibers.

The general reaction that links the two pieces together into one big molecule has been used before by other chemists working to synthesize bryostatin 1 and related compounds.

This natural defense process has been mimicked by the Mainz - based team of chemists using nanoparticles of cerium dioxide.

In it they establish 12 guiding principles for chemists, concepts like preventing waste by incorporating as much of the materials used into the final product, and choosing the least complicated reaction.

Yale University chemists have helped develop a family of new chemical catalysts that are expected to lower the cost and boost the sustainability of the production of chemical compounds used by a number of industries.

Meyer, a chemist at University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and director of its Energy Frontier Research Center in Solar Fuels, noticed that two separate groups of researchers working on two separate parts of the photosynthetic reaction happened to be using the same class of catalyst — ones with an atom of the metal ruthenium surrounded by organic molecules.

«All of the syngas goes into heat or energy production,» Synfuels chemist Ed Peterson says, and the company cuts down on cost by using such by - products to make energy and employing components built with cheaper steel alloyed with carbon as well as easy to maintain low pressures.

Hungarian chemist Zoltán Takáts wondered if he could speed things up by directly analyzing the smoke created by the electrosurgical knives that surgeons use to cut and cauterize blood vessels.

The Rice lab of chemist James Tour uses commercial lasers to create thin, flexible supercapacitors by burning patterns into common polymers.

The new method was developed by chemist Chad Mirkin and colleagues at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, who modified a technique they'd used previously to detect tiny amounts of protein (ScienceNOW, 26 September 2003).

The chemists, led by Ian Henderson and Michael Ohlmeyer of Pharmacopeia, a company in Princeton, New Jersey, were able to prepare over 6000 different compounds using just a few simple reactions.

The team, led by physical chemist Christoph Bräuchle of Ludwig Maximilian University in Munich, Germany, customized an existing imaging system, called single - molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, which until now had been used to view chemical reactions.

The researchers went a step further by demonstrating the utility of the product by performing nine different elaborations commonly used by medicinal chemists in drug development.

A few years ago, researchers led by Harvard University chemist Daniel Nocera devised what they call an artificial leaf that uses a semiconductor combined with two different catalysts to capture sunlight and use that harvested energy to split water molecules (H2O) into H2 and oxygen (O2).

A team of chemists from University of Montreal led by Pierre Chaurand then used an advanced mass spectrometry technique to identify these fat deposits as triglycerides enriched with specific fatty acids, which can also be found in animal fats and vegetable oils.

The test is part of a five - tiered testing system called the Tiered Protocol for Endocrine Disruption (TiPED) that was developed by 24 chemists, biologists and environmental health scientists, including Collins, for chemists and manufacturers to use to determine whether their chemical has endocrine disrupting activity.

Conventional medicines are stitched together by chemists in large factories using other chemicals as building blocks.

Gasoline - like fuels can be made from cellulosic materials such as farm and forestry waste using a new process invented by chemists at the University of California, Davis.

The Congress, Co-sponsored by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) and Johns Hopkins Medicine, welcomed physicians, chemists, physicists, technologists, and all scientists and clinicians interested in translational research and current state - of - the - art molecular imaging using Ga - 68 PET radiopharmaceuticals and radionuclide therapy.

A team of researchers led by University of Amsterdam (UvA) chemists has developed new Fischer - Tropsch catalysts — consisting of ultra-thin cobalt shells surrounding inexpensive iron oxide cores — that can be used to produce synthetic fuels from natural gas and biomass.

Using our deep scientific and engineering expertise, we develop a broad portfolio of chemist - centric, purpose - built mass spectrometers, nanoelectrospray ionization sources, flow - chemistry synthesis systems and consumables characterized by their reliability, high quality and flexibility.

In particular, chemist James Snyder has been a key driver in designing and synthesizing curcumin - related compounds used by several investigators at Emory and elsewhere (see figure):

The teachers were all asked to use a series called the periodic table of videos — created by chemists from the University of Nottingham — a powerful learning tool about the joy and wonder of science.

Discovered in 1797 by the French chemist Louis Vauquelin, it was used to make the first synthetic orange pigment, chrome orange, used by Pierre - Auguste Renoir and other painters.

Led by chemist Lili He, the researchers sprayed organic Gala apples with two pesticides commonly used in the apple industry — thiabendazole, a fungicide, and phosmet, an insecticide.

The formula used unites all 3 laws of thermodynamics and is usually represented for a chemist or geochemist by the relation DeltaG = DeltaH (enthalpy)- T * Delta S Consider a reaction - C + 2Fe2O3 == 4FeO + CO2 On the left is elemental and reduced C (carbon) and ferric oxide (oxidised iron).

One therefore might perfectly reasonably use «acidify» to mean lessen the alkalinity of a solution, which historical context tells us has been done by professional chemists for many years, certainly long before omnologos chose to take offense at this usage, or was even born.

As a chemist, I am bothered by the use of phrases like «the oceans are becoming more acidic».

But seriously, I look at your use of terms like «forcing», and «feedback», and «equilibrium climate sensitivity», and «CO2 control knob», and I feel sorta like a modern redox chemist watching a bunch of biologists trying to study the cell by measuring its «phlogiston» characteristics.

So poke holes; but my fit is better than anyone else's and my model is better than any box model, only used by «atmospheric» chemists.

As many of you will know, and perhaps recall from living memory, alarm bells started ringing when pioneering research by a group of brilliant chemists (Frank Sherwood Rowland, Mario Molina and Paul Crutzen, who were jointly awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1995) showed that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), a family of chemicals used in many everyday applications such as refrigeration, air conditioning and aerosols, were destroying the ozone molecules which make up the protective layer shielding Earth from the sun's harmful rays.

95 The case for crop - based biofuels was further undermined when a team led by Paul Crutzen, a Nobel Prize — winning chemist at the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Germany, concluded that emissions of nitrous oxide, a potent greenhouse gas, from the synthetic nitrogen fertilizer used to grow crops such as corn and rapeseed for biofuel production can negate any net reductions of CO2 emissions from replacing fossil fuels with biofuels, thus making biofuels a threat to climate stability.

Well I'm just an atmospheric chemist by training so what do I know about «climate science», but it seems to me that doing the work that can be done with statistical methods that are generally agreed to be «correct» rather than flaky, describing the methods used in detail so that others can follow the arguments and criticise where needed woudl be A Good Thing.

Though this reaction is nothing new — chemists have been using it for years — the Newcastle team greatly improved on it by slashing the amount of energy needed and by eliminating the need for ultra-pure carbon dioxide.

Chemist Dan Nocera is developing ways to derive clean renewable solar energy by replicating basic chemical reactions similar to those used by plants in the process of photosynthesis.