Sentences with phrase «used by previous studies»

Not exact matches

The study, released Monday, shows performance shares were used as CEO rewards by 51 % of companies surveyed last year, up from 47 % the previous year and 41 % in 2011.

A study by the Business Software Alliance and IDC found that in 2009 China used the equivalent of US$ 7.6 - billion worth of illegal software, an increase of US$ 900 million over the year previous.

Unemployment, Marginal Attachment and Labor Force Participation in Canada and the United States Stephen Jones, McMaster University Craig Riddell, University of British Columbia Jones and Riddell build on two previous papers: one by David Card and Riddell (originally published in Small Differences that Matter) that studies the reasons for higher rates of unemployment in Canada than the U.S. in the 1980s, the other by Jones and Riddell which uses data from the U.S. Labor Force Survey to study the differences in rates of job creation for people who are counted as unemployed versus those who are counted as out of the labor force.

«While the previous decision by the FDA to ban BPA in products used by babies and small children is the step in the right direction, this new study again raises an important question: should FDA consider banning BPA for more than just this vulnerable population?

Using data from previous field studies, the team estimates that the minerals and other nutrients released by giant Antarctic icebergs (those longer than 18 kilometers) trigger as much as 20 % of the CO2 absorption by life in the southern seas.

The study is in line with previous research published by senior author Gratch, whose main interest lies both in how people express these tells — an unconscious action that betrays deception — and using this data to create artificial intelligence to discern and even express these same emotional cues as a person.

It builds upon previous studies by Ozcan's group that used deep learning to reconstruct holograms and improve microscopy.

Coss, who taught drawing classes early in his academic career and whose previous research focused on art and human evolution, used photos and film to study the strokes of charcoal drawings and engravings of animals made by human artists 28,000 to 32,000 years ago in the Chauvet - Pont - d'Arc Cave in southern France.

Led by Jenna Goesling, PhD, of the University of Michigan, the study identifies several «red flags» for persistent opioid use — particularly previous use of high - dose opioids.

The plant compounds used by the UGA researchers — resveratrol, found in grapes; genistein, found in soybeans; and quercetin, found in apple peels and onions — have all been shown in previous studies to be fat - busters, causing fat cells to burst and release their contents.

With previous studies showing that higher temperatures, caused by global warming, have led to more unstable mountain rocks — the scientists, who took part in the new study, believe that using the two monitoring techniques together could prove vital for thousands of skiers and mountain climbers who undertake trips every year.

Previous research has tested how well radiation - exposed rats do with basic learning tasks and mazes, but this new Johns Hopkins study focused on tests that closely mimic the self - tests of fitness for duty currently used by astronauts on the International Space Station prior to mission - critical events such as space walks.

In order to prevent just one case of psychosis, more than 20,000 people would have to stop using cannabis, as shown by a previous study led by the University of Bristol.

In sharp contrast, a previous study by Greenfield analyzing American books found that the use of the words «obliged» and «give» declined substantially from 1800 to 2000 as U.S. society shifted from being predominantly rural to predominantly urban.

Many previous studies have focussed on the urban nesting grounds and the gulls» behaviour around landfill refuse sites, but this is one of the first large - scale studies to investigate the use of cities by gulls in traditional breeding colonies and their contribution to these «nuisance events».

Previous work by Hook using satellite data indicated that many lake temperatures were warming faster than air temperature and that the greatest warming was observed at high latitudes, as seen in other climate warming studies.

By using their more powerful statistical approach, the researchers found clusters of mechanistically related genes where previous studies had merely suggested a few isolated SNPs.

Motivated by their previous finding of the presence of P - glycoprotein overexpression in the nasal lining of patients with CRS with nasal polyps, the study authors conducted a randomized, double - blind, placebo - controlled clinical trial studying the use of low - dose Verapamil in 18 patients with CRS with nasal polyps.

Some previous studies had found that the distance covered by a domain wall was directly proportional to the length of the electric pulse used to drive it, hinting that perhaps domain walls move without inertia — that is, they move at top speed or not at all.

«However, all previous studies on sleeve gastrectomy, estimated blood alcohol levels by using breathalyzers, which might not reliably estimate peak blood alcohol levels in bariatric patients,» she adds.

Their analysis — which used DNA data from a Neandertal woman from the Altai Mountains in Siberia (SN: 1/25/14, p. 17) and 112,338 present - day British people — confirmed some links between Neandertal heritage and human diseases made by previous studies (SN: 3/5/16, p. 18), but didn't find evidence that Neandertal gene variants contribute to obesity.

In previous studies, pulsating magnetic fields have been used to deliver drugs, but the heat caused by the application can destroy healthy cells of patients.

Previous cancer studies had shown that by injecting tumors with magnetic nanoparticles made of iron oxide — «essentially rust, with well - tuned magnetic properties,» Anikeeva says — then exposing them to rapidly alternating magnetic fields, excited nanoparticles can be used to heat and destroy cancer tumors while leaving surrounding, healthy tissue intact.

A previous study by Steve Ross and colleagues found that 35 % of respondents mistakenly thought chimpanzees were not endangered due to their frequent appearances in film and television, and the continuing use of primate «actors» is likely to reinforce this misconception.

The consent forms have been reviewed by U.S. ethical panels in the United States and China, he says, and a previous study of golden rice in adults in the United States did not use the term «genetically modified» either.

By drawing on previous studies, Dietz estimated what proportion of the population could realistically be persuaded to change their behaviour using financial incentives, mass - media campaigns and so forth.

Previous studies by other researchers have shown that increasing the use of nanotechnology in agriculture in densely populated countries such as India and China has made an impact on reducing malnutrition and child mortality.

Though previous studies indicated that these tiny objects were manufactured by a mercury - based method in fashion at that time, the new results suggest that the threads were gilded exclusively by using an ancient method that survived for a millennium.

The duration (20 minutes) used in the current study was based on previous work by our group demonstrating attenuation of age - related bone loss in male mice (36), but this duration is also less than the 60 - minute protocol shown to promote bone formation in the study by Jing et al. (44).

However, chondrogenesis assays in chick micromass cultures showed that enhanced signaling by the mutant R206H ACVR1 can be partially inhibited by the BMP antagonist Noggin, suggesting that in addition to BMP - independent activity by the R206H ACVR1 receptor, this mutant receptor is also responsive to BMP, consistent with previous BMP signaling pathway studies that used cells derived from FOP patients (48 — 50).

Aerosol administration was performed as follows, the residual cup was filled with 8mls of the cisplatin agent and the nebulisation time was 10 minutes (almost 1 ml / minute) as observed from our previous studies.14 The aerosol was delivered to the mice (one by one) within a nose only cage that has been previously presented.34 In the groups receiving the intratumoral cisplatin an insulin injection was used to deliver the 2mls of cisplatin within the tumor in different depths, however; a quantity of the drug when the injection was made superficially was lost since it was not accumulated.

April 4, 2016 Consumers reveal obstacles to using nursing home quality ratings A study of dozens of people who placed a relative or friend in a nursing home in the previous six months found that few people were aware of the Nursing Home Compare website, published online by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) to help families find the best and closest available care facility.

Thinking about a different movement activates a new assortment of neurons, a phenomenon confirmed by cross-validation using functional MRI in He's previous study.

«It was already known from previous studies that the method of loci can considerably increase memory performance,» said Martin Dresler, assistant professor of cognitive neuroscience at Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre in the Netherlands and lead author of the study, noting that the loci method is used, without exception, by all world - class memory athletes.

We note that loci characterized by high levels of differentiation, which are likely to be resisting introgression, were included in our estimates from previous studies; therefore, if anything, the estimates of gene flow used in the simulations are likely to be underestimates, and our results should therefore be conservative.

These results are similar to our previous findings and 2 recent studies of no association between influenza infection during pregnancy and ASD risk.8, 10,11,13 Our previous 2 studies were limited by small sample sizes and possible recall bias, which were addressed in this study by using a larger sample size and electronic medical records.

These viral probes encompass probes from all previous ViroChip designs, including the v2.0 design used in the 2006 study by Urisman, et al. (GEO accession number GPL1834).

The study reviewed the findings from 14 previous clinical trials that involved almost 3,000 patients and found that using echinacea reduced the risk of catching a cold by 58 percent and reduced the duration of the cold by 1.4 days.

At this last weekend's Advanced Study Weekend, Dr. John McDougall said that the problem with arsenic in rice is not the rice per se, but in the water used to grow it and in some cases from soil affected by previous water sources; and that California rice is OK, but rice from the southeast U.S. is not.

Second, the majority of previous studies measured testosterone using direct RIAs (14, 16, 19, 20, 22, 23, 28, 31), electrochemiluminescence immunoassays (18) or enzyme immunoassays (15), whereas we measured testosterone by RIA following solvent extraction and Celite column partition chromatography, which improves assay accuracy and precision (72).

They are consistent with the result of a previous study done by the Intercultural Institute, using qualitative methods on participants in a project involving cooperation between Roma and non-Roma young people.

Previous studies of evaluations by principals have used only the overall rating of the teacher, a less direct assessment of a teacher's ability to raise student performance.

Previous studies use the traditional mindset instrument developed by Dweck (1999).

Using student - level data, they are able to surmount a criticism of the Skiba et al. study by limiting the analysis of students involved in the same fight to a sample in which neither student had a previous suspensions — so the only comparisons involve students with similar disciplinary records.

In this study, 27 high - poverty elementary schools (75 — 100 % eligibility for free or reduced - price lunch) were matched by prior reading achievement and poverty level and randomly assigned to one of two implementation conditions: a core treatment condition that directly replicated implementation procedures used in previous experiments, or a core treatment with structured teacher adaptations condition.

In this study, we built on previous neuroimaging studies of mathematical cognition and examined whether the same cognitive processes are engaged by two strategies used in algebraic problem solving.

This contradicts findings by earlier studies that used aggregate data, whereas the vol effect for non-cross listed firms is consistent with previous evidence.

In a previous post entitled Worldwide Glacier Retreat, we highlighted the results of a study by J. Oerlemans, who compiled glacier data from around the world and used them to estimate temperature change over the last ~ 400 years.

Mike's work, like that of previous award winners, is diverse, and includes pioneering and highly cited work in time series analysis (an elegant use of Thomson's multitaper spectral analysis approach to detect spatiotemporal oscillations in the climate record and methods for smoothing temporal data), decadal climate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7 measurements).

Keep in mind there are error bars around this estimate, just as there are in previous studies by Bokyoff using sampling techniques and every other media analysis previously published that uses sampling techniques.