Sentences with phrase «used multiple climate»

Previous research has suggested a connection between coal - burning and the Sahel drought, but this was the first study that used decades of historical observations to find that this drought was part of a global shift in tropical rainfall, and then used multiple climate models to determine why.

Using multiple climate models and hundreds of terabytes of data, NASA has projected global temperatures and rainfall around the world from 2050 until 2100.

Using multiple climate models from around the world, Clement's research team removed the ocean circulation from the analysis to reveal that variations in the Atlantic climate were generally the same.

(Top) Records of Northern Hemisphere temperature variation during the last 1300 years with 12 reconstructions using multiple climate proxy records shown in colour and instrumental records shown in black.

(b) Reconstructions using multiple climate proxy records, identified in Table 6.1, including three records (JBB.

Not exact matches

The climate change «hockey stick» is a graph first published in 1998 by Michael Mann et al. that attempted to reconstruct the mean surface temperature on the planet during the period A. D. 900 to the present, using multiple proxies, such as tree rings, to measure temperatures before formal instrumentation was in use.

Taken together, these techniques promise to advance agricultural sustainability by reducing input use in multiple areas, from water and land to fertilizer, while also helping crops to adapt to climate change.

Assuming that the climate response to multiple regions of banded SRM geoengineering can be shown to be roughly the addition of the individual climate responses, we can use the results of this experiment to identify theoretical limits to the extent that SRM geoengineering could compensate for human - induced climate change, a potentially highly relevant check on the weight trust that politicians should place on cheap geoengineering solutions in climate policy.

Leung and Qian also participate in the North American Climate Change Assessment Program to use multiple global and regional climate models to better quantify uncertainties in projecting climate Climate Change Assessment Program to use multiple global and regional climate models to better quantify uncertainties in projecting climate climate models to better quantify uncertainties in projecting climate climate change.

Maintaining and restoring healthy ecosystems plays a key role in adapting to and mitigating climate change through biodiversity conservation, sustainable use and sustainable land management and yields multiple environmental, economic and social benefits.

The Arctic environment is under multiple stresses from changing land - use which will be exacerbated by climate change.

Plant from multiple species, seed sources, and climate zones, particularly from locally - adapted sources Manage to maintain genetic diversity and phenotypic plasticity Create opportunities for rapid natural selection for species with high predicted potential for adverse impacts from climate change (Sturrock et al. 2011; Erickson et al. 2012; Alfaro et al. 2014; FAO 2014) Plant drought tolerant and native species Retain diversity of species and promote legacy trees Manage or restore mosaic (variable pattern of species and ages) and maintain or improve landscape connectivity Plant in asynchronous rotations and manage for diverse age classes Thin, plant, and use prescribed fire to favor species adapted to disturbance (Millar et al. 2007; Vose et al. 2016; Keane et al. forthcoming)

«Both MAVEN and Curiosity / SAM will determine the history of the Martian climate and atmosphere using multiple approaches,» said MAVEN Principal Investigator Bruce Jakosky of the University of Colorado's Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics.

While there is a great deal we don't know about how the oceans behave, we do however know that it's safer to discuss all aspects of climate change using multiple sets of data, rather than just one, as Pielke Sr did.

The Climate Impact Lab's sea - level rise projections use a framework that ties together multiple threads of information to assess the probability of local sea - level changes around the world, under different future emissions scenarios.

Effective SEL programs are monitored and evaluated regularly using systematic procedures and multiple indicators, including measuring school climate and having SEL on report cards.

Once you've determined what schools you are interested in, there are newer systems you can use to understand how those schools perform along a set of multiple measures in both academics and culture / climate.

Using multiple data layers within Google Earth, students identify, rank, and justify the top 5 of 10 locations throughout the world impacted by climate change.

Functions The teacher leader: a) Increases the capacity of colleagues to identify and use multiple assessment tools aligned to state and local standards; b) Collaborates with colleagues in the design, implementation, scoring, and interpretation of student data to improve educational practice and student learning; c) Creates a climate of trust and critical reflection in order to engage colleagues in challenging conversations about student learning data that lead to solutions to identified issues; and d) Works with colleagues to use assessment and data findings to promote changes in instructional practices or organizational structures to improve student learning.

Inside, the Trailhawk featured adjustable vents for the rear passengers, and the Jeep's infotainment interface («UConnect») is very flexible and easy to use, presenting multiple options for climate control, audio, satellite navigation and the integrated trip computer functions.

Certain climate controls are also in the touchscreen, resulting in multiple button presses for things like heated seats that used to require only one.

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To stop CO2 ppm rising and holding them at under 408 ppm for 2018 would require a reduction in Net carbon emissions of at least 2 GtC / yr on current use based on multiple lines of refs in published papers from Hansen down to the latest PhD student of climate science.

Given that we know there are multiple drivers of climate operating (the sun for sure, but also volcanoes, aerosols, greenhouse gas changes, land use change, etc.) the only way to do attribution properly is calculate the physical fingerprints of each of these drivers across multiple variables and see which combinations provide the best fits.

The work of reconstructing past climate changes, though it uses correlations between multiple proxies and climate, is subject to validation and in and of itself is not proof of any effect (be it solar or greenhouse gases or whatever).

-- One maker of Science programs for schools NCSE announces that they are making a new climate change program — 5 weeks later a story pop up over multiple green websites using a loaded title «Anti-science» which reveals another conservative organisation has a secret agenda to flood US schools with «climate denier» material.

Studies that compare results between models and analysis techniques (e.g., Hegerl et al., 2000; Gillett et al., 2002a; Hegerl and Allen, 2002), and more recently, that use multiple models to determine fingerprints of climate change (Gillett et al., 2002c; Huntingford et al., 2006; Stott et al., 2006c; Zhang et al., 2006) find a robust detection of an anthropogenic signal in past temperature change.

Concerted efforts to reduce nitrogen and phosphorus pollution from industry, improve the efficiency of their use in agriculture, and enhance their availability for use in fertilizer in food - insecure regions would have multiple benefits, including a reduction of climate risks.

Here, we use observed data on species» distributions and present - day climate to build multiple bioclimatic models.

For this reason, it is considered good practice to use output from multiple models to explore a range of scientifically plausible futures — to account for an envelope of future climate risk, rather than a single future pathway.

It suggests three major changes: 1) project and policy preparation need to reflect higher risks, where vulnerability assessments and greater use of climate scenario modelling are combined with a better understanding of interconnections between smallholder farming and wider landscapes; 2) this deeper appreciation of interconnected risks should drive a major scaling up of successful «multiple - benefit» approaches to sustainable agricultural intensification by smallholder farmers; 3) climate change and fiscal austerity are reshaping the architecture of public international development finance.

This guidance document presents climate - smart land use, which gives an opportunity for advancing the multiple win of sustainable food production, rural development, climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation, and ecosystem resilience.

After reading «Landscapes and Cycles: an Environmentalist's Journey to Climate Skepticism», I am convinced that Jim Steele's view of climate change caused by multiple factors, including naturally occurring cycles between warmth and cold in the world's oceans and changes in land use on a local scale, are a much more realistic explanation than the prevailing hypoClimate Skepticism», I am convinced that Jim Steele's view of climate change caused by multiple factors, including naturally occurring cycles between warmth and cold in the world's oceans and changes in land use on a local scale, are a much more realistic explanation than the prevailing hypoclimate change caused by multiple factors, including naturally occurring cycles between warmth and cold in the world's oceans and changes in land use on a local scale, are a much more realistic explanation than the prevailing hypothesis.

When I use the term «AGW establishment» I am not referring to a specific organization that is defined within the usual legal or political constructs (say Union or corporation or NGO etc) but rather I am referring to the multiple groups, associations and other peering relationships that are «established» within the climate science / political / economic worlds.

BEST often present multiple versions / copies of the same longer datasets already used repeatedly in climate science.

The near - linear rate of anthropogenic warming (predominantly from anthropogenic greenhouse gases) is shown in sources such as: «Deducing Multidecadal Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis» «The global warming hiatus — a natural product of interactions of a secular warming trend and a multi-decadal oscillation» «The Origin and Limits of the Near Proportionality between Climate Warming and Cumulative CO2 Emissions» «Sensitivity of climate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean mixingClimate Warming and Cumulative CO2 Emissions» «Sensitivity of climate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean mixingclimate to cumulative carbon emissions due to compensation of ocean heat and carbon uptake» «Return periods of global climate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean mixingclimate fluctuations and the pause» «Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records» «The proportionality of global warming to cumulative carbon emissions» «The sensitivity of the proportionality between temperature change and cumulative CO2 emissions to ocean mixing»

The NASA water vapor project (NVAP) uses multiple satellite sensors to create a standard climate dataset to measure long - term variability of global water vapor.

Using year to year variations is susceptible to domination by internal climate variation such as ENSO, which over the short term is likely tol overwhelm external forcings, but over multiple years becomes subordinate to long term effects of persistent forcings.

The new research uses multiple runs of a coupled ocean - atmosphere computer model to simulate global temperature changes in response to climate forcing when the sea surface temperature (SST) in the el Niño region follows its historically observed values.

The second problem is more insidious and can only be overcome by the use of multiple sub-RCS curves, with a concomitant potential loss of some longer - timescale climate variance.

Crisis can be a multiple of Crises (Climate Change, Financial Failure, Biological disease, etc.), usually all blamed upon Capitalism using disinformation.

«The Earth's climate system is highly nonlinear: inputs and outputs are not proportional, change is often episodic and abrupt, rather than slow and gradual, and multiple equilibria are the norm... there is a relatively poor understanding of the different types of nonlinearities, how they manifest under various conditions, and whether they reflect a climate system driven by astronomical forcings, by internal feedbacks, or by a combination of both... [We] suggest a robust alternative to prediction that is based on using integrated assessments within the framework of vulnerability studies... It is imperative that the Earth's climate system research community embraces this nonlinear paradigm if we are to move forward in the assessment of the human influence on climate.»

Looking for any evidence that humanity is cooking the globe, Jiansong Zhou and Ka - Kit Tung (Deducing Multi-decadal Anthropogenic Global Warming Trends Using Multiple Regression Analysis) began by excluding climate change due to natural factors and more specifically, by adding the effects of AMO (Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation) trends that alarmists neglected to consider.

Despite the recognised importance of multiple drivers of ecosystem change, they are rarely all included in current climate and ecosystem models used for assessing climate change impacts on ecosystems (Hansen et al., 2001; Levy et al., 2004; Zebisch et al., 2004; Feddema et al., 2005; Holman et al., 2005b; Pielke, 2005).

Further review by the national academy of science and multiple university reviews of the committee findings found that by and large, the Hockey Stick was not flawed enough for them to consider it inappropriate for use as a model to represent the climate variability for the time period specified.

Using multiple models (including weather@home) and observational analysis, their findings estimate the event to be almost twice as likely due to climate change (80 % more likely in the Seine valley and 90 % in the Loire valley).

Indeed, this dynamics suggests a major multiple harmonic influence component on the climate with a likely astronomical origin (sun + moon + planets) although not yet fully understood in its physical mechanisms, that, as shown in the above figures, can apparently explain also the post 2000 climate quite satisfactorily (even by using my model calibrated from 1850 to 1950, that is more than 50 years before the observed temperature hiatus period since 2000!).

PNNL provides the primary expertise and support to the ARM Climate Research Facility for its lidars as well as applying the use of multiple, coordinated lidar systems to map wind fields for wind energy applications.

Audubon's new climate study uses multiple models to project how changing climate will likely influence bird ranges.