In the new study, published today in Environmental Research Letters, researchers from Russia
used climate models of sea - ice concentrations to predict what will happen to one optimal trade route along the Northern Sea Route in the future.
Not exact matches
Spencer analyzed 90
climate models against surface temperature and satellite temperature data, and found that more than 95 percent
of the
models «have over-forecast the warming trend since 1979, whether we
use their own surface temperature dataset (HadCRUT4), or our satellite dataset
of lower tropospheric temperatures (UAH).»
While tomatoes have been regularly
used as a
model organism to study the effect
of climate in fruit ripening, its commercial history is a chequered one.
This study looked at genetic (varieties) and management (row spacing and nitrogen) options to minimise the impact
of climate change,
using rain - out shelters to control rainfall; the results provided a platform to
model wheat production in future
climates.
It's going to be one
of the major topics at a regional
Climate Solutions Summit in Syracuse this weekend, as the city hopes to take the lead on an energy supply
model that
uses renewable energy.
«
Models are
used to predict how soil processes change, for example, in response to
climate change,» said Steve Allison, coauthor from the University
of California, Irvine.
The new proposed
model could allow a better quantification
of the impacts that will likely occur under changing
climate and could be considered in future ocean resources and land
use management.
One way to get an idea
of how complex feedbacks play out in Earth's
climate is to
use computer
models.
For projections
of future temperature and precipitation during the near future (2021 - 2050) and the far future (2071 - 2100), the researchers
used 11 different global
climate models.
They
used this data compilation to evaluate the quality
of their regional atmospheric
climate model, based on global
climate projections that included several scenarios
of anticipated
climate change.
For the study, Dr. Toohey and his colleagues from GEOMAR and the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology in Hamburg have
used an aerosol -
climate model to track 70 different eruption scenarios while analyzing the distribution
of the sulfur particles.
The new study builds on this earlier research, extending the projections globally
using a variety
of climate models and taking into account future population growth.
Previous research has suggested a connection between coal - burning and the Sahel drought, but this was the first study that
used decades
of historical observations to find that this drought was part
of a global shift in tropical rainfall, and then
used multiple
climate models to determine why.
When scientists
use climate models for attribution studies, they first run simulations with estimates
of only «natural»
climate influences over the past 100 years, such as changes in solar output and major volcanic eruptions.
While large - scale
climate research
models offer a systems view
of what the transport sector, for example, could contribute to
climate protection in comparison to the energy sector, the study presented in Science, however, examines transport - related issues within the sector by
using more recent and more specific data on how people commute and travel.
With this new, aggregate
climate map in hand, they turned to a technique
used primarily by ecologists and biologists, called species distribution
modeling, to identify fire - prone regions
of the globe.
The researchers from Wageningen University & Research, Bogor Agricultural University in Indonesia, University
of East Anglia and the Center for International Forestry Research analysed the spatially distributed pattern
of hydrological drought, that is the drought in groundwater recharge, in Borneo
using a simple transient water balance
model driven by monthly
climate data from the period 1901 - 2015.
Two important advances since the last IPCC assessment have increased confidence in the
use of models for both attribution and projection
of climate changes.
Now Dorian Abbot and Raymond Pierrehumbert
of the University
of Chicago have
used climate models to study how dust from volcanoes and the weathering
of rocks would affect the thaw.
This critical question is addressed
using simulations from
climate models based on projections
of future emissions
of greenhouse gases and aerosols.
But scientists from the Universities
of Bristol, Cardiff, and Southampton have gone one stage further, by
using a
Climate Model to simulate and explore the climate of the world of Game of T
Climate Model to simulate and explore the
climate of the world of Game of T
climate of the world
of Game
of Thrones.
When the weather - based
model developed at Rothamsted Research was
used to predict how
climate change may affect the wheat crops, it was predicted that wheat flowering dates will generally be earlier and the incidence
of the ear blight disease on the wheat crops will substantially increase.
Using multiple
climate models and hundreds
of terabytes
of data, NASA has projected global temperatures and rainfall around the world from 2050 until 2100.
Satellite imagery is
used for all sorts
of climate study, from identifying conditions that allow infectious diseases like West Nile virus and cholera to emerge, to creating
models for predicting hurricanes, to distinguishing natural resources such as wind, water and sunlight.
The goals
of the project include reconstructing extreme
climate changes from the recent past (1894 - 2014),
using historically referenced data to assess near - future global
climate model projections, and to ultimately
use this analysis to investigate ecological problems in Chesapeake Bay, such as eelgrass diebacks.
Instead, this effect could be
used to test
climate models, he said, to check if their physics is good enough to reproduce how the pull
of the moon eventually leads to less rain.
The
models used by the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change, called Coupled Model Intercomparison Project - 5 (CMIP - 5), are the best physical models of climate change ava
Climate Change, called Coupled
Model Intercomparison Project - 5 (CMIP - 5), are the best physical
models of climate change ava
climate change available.
Smith and his former research assistant Andrew Mizrahi
used a PNNL computer
model, the Global Change Assessment Model, or GCAM, to evaluate the impact of reducing soot and methane emissions on Earth's cli
model, the Global Change Assessment
Model, or GCAM, to evaluate the impact of reducing soot and methane emissions on Earth's cli
Model, or GCAM, to evaluate the impact
of reducing soot and methane emissions on Earth's
climate.
To see whether this increase in crops has influenced the region's unusual weather, researchers at the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology in Cambridge
used computers to
model five different 30 - year
climate simulations, based on data from 1982 to 2011.
«
Using a numerical
climate model we found that sulfate reductions over Europe between 1980 and 2005 could explain a significant fraction
of the amplified warming in the Arctic region during that period due to changes in long - range transport, atmospheric winds and ocean currents.
The study
uses a
model of China's economy and energy output, called C - GEM, developed by scholars at the Tsinghua - MIT China Energy and
Climate Project.
These same
models are then
used to simulate the future
climate of our planet.»
«They are
using this information to test state -
of - the - art
climate models under conditions
of high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, similar to those expected by the end
of this century.»
Three approaches were
used to evaluate the outstanding «carbon budget» (the total amount
of CO2 emissions compatible with a given global average warming) for 1.5 °C: re-assessing the evidence provided by complex Earth System
Models, new experiments with an intermediate - complexity
model, and evaluating the implications
of current ranges
of uncertainty in
climate system properties
using a simple
model.
Nadeau also studies the potential impacts
of climate change on species around the globe,
using modeling, field observation and experiments to predict where species are most vulnerable and determine how conservation groups can best mitigate the negative impacts
of climate change on animal populations.
The ability
of the inorganic component
of sea spray particles to take up water has been the focus
of this international study where a large suite
of well - controlled laboratory experiments have shown, for the first time, that the hygroscopicity
of the inorganic component
of sea spray is significantly lower than pure sodium chloride, a substance routinely
used to describe their hygroscopicity in
climate models.
In the study, the researchers
used a 3D computer
model of the atmosphere to determine the impact
of VSLS on ozone and
climate.
The
model has already been integrated into the next generation
of the global land
model used for
climate simulations by the NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, a major national
climate modeling center.
Using data from several sources on 162 terrestrial animals and plants unique (endemic) to the Albertine Rift, the researchers
used ecological niche
modeling (computer
models) to determine the extent
of habitat already lost due to agriculture, and to estimate the future loss
of habitat as a result
of climate change.
Using math and computer skills, he developed systems
models showing 150 years
of climate variability.
«The result is not a surprise, but if you look at the global
climate models that have been
used to analyze what the planet looked like 20,000 years ago — the same
models used to predict global warming in the future — they are doing, on average, a very good job reproducing how cold it was in Antarctica,» said first author Kurt Cuffey, a glaciologist at the University
of California, Berkeley, and professor
of geography and
of earth and planetary sciences.
Using statistically
modeled maps drawn from satellite data and other sources, U.S. Geological Survey scientists have projected that the near - surface permafrost that presently underlies 38 percent
of boreal and arctic Alaska would be reduced by 16 to 24 percent by the end
of the 21st century under widely accepted
climate scenarios.
Dr Pete Falloon
of the Met Office Hadley Centre, who led the
climate modelling, said «State -
of - the - art high resolution
climate models were
used in this project alongside the latest UKCP09
climate projections.
«
Using data mining to make sense
of climate change: New methodology puts emphasis on data to test
climate models.»
One day, oceanographers hope Spray and other gliders will be able to roam the oceans at will, providing an almost limitless supply
of data that could be
used to build more sophisticated
climate models and develop better weather forecasts.
About 80 percent
of the 23
climate models used by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predict some degree of drought in the Amazon if greenhouse gas emissions keep climbing, h
climate models used by the Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change predict some degree of drought in the Amazon if greenhouse gas emissions keep climbing, h
Climate Change predict some degree
of drought in the Amazon if greenhouse gas emissions keep climbing, he said.
In a recent study, Mathias Trachsel (Dept.
of Biology, University
of Bergen) and Atle Nesje (Dept.
of Earth Science, University
of Bergen and Uni Research
Climate)
used simple statistical
models to assess and quantify the relative importance
of summer temperature and winter precipitation for annual mass balances
of eight Scandinavian glaciers.
Using bird distribution data spanning the breeding seasons between 1990 and 2009, scientists ran the numbers through six A1B
climate models, which
use middle -
of - the - road predictions.
To better plan for potential effects due to
climate change, scientists
using the North American Breeding Bird Survey and Audubon Christmas Bird Count employed correlative distribution
modeling, to assess geographic range shifts for nearly 600 North American bird species during both the breeding and non-breeding seasons under a range
of future
climate change scenarios through the end
of the century.
The researchers then
used a mathematical
model that combined the conflict data with temperature and rainfall projections through 2050 to come up with predictions about the likelihood
of climate - related violence in the future.