Sentences with phrase «uses sea surface»

In other words, their current analysis uses sea surface temperature data and they present two different datasets.

Other climate simulations that use sea surface temperature variation didn't match observed changes, either.

The study also suggests two other widely - used sea surface temperature datasets, the Hadley Centre's HadSST3 record and the Japanese COBE - SST record, have significant «cool biases» due to treating all measuring instruments equally.

In the main part of the paper, for China, we compare a new homogenized station data set with gridded temperature products and attempt to assess possible urban influences using sea surface temperature (SST) data sets for the area east of the Chinese mainland.

In order to understand California's precipitation patterns and the influence of El Niño better, Bor - Ting Jong from the Lamont - Doherty Earth Observatory at Columbia University and her colleagues used sea surface temperature and weather data from as far back as 1901.

Other climate simulations that use sea surface temperature variation didn't match observed changes, either.

By using the Sea Surface Temperature anomalies instead of the PDO, Stevenson et al could then have shown that the negative trends of the SST anomalies before and after the 1976 Pacific Climate Shift...... and how they related to the negative trends in Alaskan surface temperatures before and after 1976.

Sorry I don't have graphs of surface air temperatures or TLT for the tropical Pacific, but to help show this using sea surface temperatures, not anomalies, the following graph captures the sea surface temperature gradients across the equatorial Pacific one year before the peak of the 1997/98 El Niño, at its peak, and at the peak of the trailing first La Niña season: And as sea surface temperature anomalies:

The authors use a sea surface temperature data set that has been corrected for biases in sea surface data that arise due to the difference in measurements from ships and buoys, and the authors incorporate a much larger amount of data from land - based observations.

This study reconstructs a century - long SAMOC index, from 1870 to present, using sea surface temperature (SST) from 1993 to present, the period for which Expendable Bathythermographs (XBT) and satellite altimetry observations of SAMOC are available.

Not exact matches

500 g (about 4 cups) whole wheat flour (I used organic King Arthur Flour), plus extra for the work surface and dusting 3 g (3/4 teaspoon) granulated yeast (I used instant (*)-RRB- 7 g (11/2 teaspoons) kosher salt (I used fine sea salt) 25 g (2 tablespoons) extra-virgin olive oil 375 g (1 1/2 cups plus 1 tablespoon) lukewarm water

5 1/3 cups bread flour, divided, plus more for surface (Kindred uses King Arthur) 1 cup heavy cream 1/3 cup mild honey (such as wildflower or alfalfa) 3 tablespoons nonfat dry milk powder (such as Alba) 2 tablespoons active dry yeast (from about 3 envelopes) 3 large eggs 4 tablespoons (1/2 stick) unsalted butter, cut into pieces, at room temperature Nonstick vegetable oil spray Flaky sea salt (optional, but shouldn't be)

Within the next decade, hundreds or even thousands of solar - and wind - powered drones could roam the world's oceans, using satellites to relay information gathered from the sea surface and the air above.

The team explored the depths with cameras and lights, and used nets to bring an array of strange deep sea creatures to the surface.

Using different calibration and filtering processes, the two researchers succeeded in combining a wide variety of available data from temperature measurements and climate archives in such a way that they were able to compare the reconstructed sea surface temperature variations at different locations around the globe on different time scales over a period of 7,000 years.

The researchers ran one set of simulations using actual sea surface temperatures and greenhouse gas emissions from December 2014 to September 2015.

Situated at 870 meters below the sea surface in Barkley Canyon, Wally uses a camera, methane detector and current flow meter to take stock of the release of methane bubbles from the seafloor.

Using records dating back to 1855, hurricane researchers say they have uncovered an ongoing rise in the number of Atlantic hurricanes that tracks the increase in sea surface temperature related to climate change.

NOAA's Coral Reef Watch uses satellite observations of sea surface temperatures and modeling to monitor and forecast when water temperatures rise enough to cause bleaching.

The Georgia Tech researchers are already using it to explore sea surface temperature and cloud field data, two aspects that profoundly affect the planet's climate.

To meet this challenge, the researchers are testing an innovative underwater remote sensing method, using active, autonomous acoustic transponders remotely accessible from the sea surface.

Although CryoSat - 2 is designed to measure changes in the ice sheet elevation, these can be translated into horizontal motion at the grounding line using knowledge of the glacier and sea floor geometry and the Archimedes principle of buoyancy — which relates the thickness of floating ice to the height of its surface.

The material could help improve coatings used to protect surfaces from the build - up of biological contaminants, particularly surfaces under the sea.

Other scientists at Goddard are investigating ways to forecast the ebbs and flows of nutrients using the center's supercomputers, incorporating data like winds, sea surface temperatures, air pressures and more.

A second study, led by Hailan Wang of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, used different model simulations and came to a similar conclusion: While a warming sea surface did make it more likely that a high - pressure ridge could form, the signal was not strong enough to explain its extreme nature.

«In our study we used satellite data for sea ice and sea surface temperatures to run some coordinated hindcast experiments with five different atmospheric models,» Ogawa says.

To find these vents, located two and a half miles below the sea surface in one of the most far - removed places in the world, the team used the Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Jason and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution's Research Vessel Knorr.

Oceanographers commonly calculate large scale surface ocean circulation from satellite sea level information using a concept called «geostrophy,» which describes the relationship between oceanic surface flows and sea level gradient.

Researchers use models that combined observed temperatures with simulated sea surface temperatures and surface air temperatures to determine temperatures from 1401 to 1800.

Over the past two decades my company has used imaging radar satellites to map oil on the sea surface for 70 million square kilometres of ocean.

If that is successful — and everything thus far has been a big «if» — BP wants to create a more durable LMRP containment cap system by directing the oil and gas to a new free - floating riser ending about 90 meters below sea level (a flexible hose will be used to connect it to vessels on the surface).

Olson says Gray himself had worked on methods to calculate wind and drift direction from buoys and other sensor data: «He collaborated with people on satellite image data capture and analysis and sea surface data capture and analysis, and these people now are using their professional skills in the search.»

The data, in the form of infrared images of the Earth's surface, is used to detect changes in sea surface temperatures for research -LSB-...]

As part of this research, sea surface height has been measured from space using GPS signals reflected off the sea surface for the first time.

A working group known as PALSEA2 (Paleo constraints on sea level rise) used past records of local change in sea level and converted them to a global mean sea level by predicting how the surface of the Earth deforms due to changes in ice - ocean loading of the crust, along with changes in gravitational attraction on the ocean surface.

The team used a worldwide climate model that incorporated normal month - to - month variations in sea surface temperatures and sea ice coverage, among other climate factors, to simulate 12,000 years» worth of weather.

By focussing on the South China Sea, the researchers were able to use a combination of geochemical records to reconstruct sea surface temperature in the paSea, the researchers were able to use a combination of geochemical records to reconstruct sea surface temperature in the pasea surface temperature in the past.

Vose helped author the new study, which uses new information about how data is collected at sea to reanalyze surface temperature records.

NOAA's storm behavior models can use satellite data, but that has many limitations because clouds obscure the sea surface.

The new method has already been used to examine climatic records of sea surface temperature at 65,000 points around the world over a period of 28 years and provided scientists with a clear understanding of when and where temperature fluctuations occur.

Stott and his colleagues used the isotopes of oxygen contained within the remnants of microscopic surface and deep - sea creatures to establish temperatures; they then used a radioactive isotope of carbon to date their age.

«During Norwegian winters, sea surface water is colder than at depth, so by lifting warmer water to the surface using bubble curtains, we can prevent the fjords from icing up», he says.

When satellites pass over the sky, the GNSS tide gauge uses signals direct from the satellite and signals reflected off the sea surface to measure the sea level.

In 2006, marine biologists Craig McClain and Jim Barry used MBARI's remotely operated vehicle Tiburon to place 36 bundles of acacia wood on the canyon floor, 3,200 meters below the sea surface.

In this paper, we examine the causes of the observed sea level rise in the region south of Australia, using 13 years of repeat hydrographic data from the WOCE SR3 sections, and the SURVOSTRAL XBT and surface salinity data.

Here, we report on local and global changes in MHW characteristics over time as recorded by satellite and in situ measurements of sea surface temperature (SST) and defined using a quantitative MHW framework, which allows for comparisons across regions and events1.

This model is comparable to HadCM3, but there is no dynamic ocean (instead prescribed sea surface temperatures are used).

Scientists use a large drill to remove parts of the coral to analyse for information about changes in rainfall and sea surface temperature.

Figure 4 - Spatial variability of the sea surface temperature (SST) trends scaled with the global surface air temperature (SAT) trend for each simulation used in the study.

Figure 1 - Sea surface temperature trends scaled with global surface air temperature trends for half the climate models used in the study.