On the northeast coast there is talk of
using coal wastes, and of chemically treating the millions of old tyres littering waste dumps and sinking them in «concrete boots».
Not exact matches
But since Trump has been in office, the GOP has
used the CRA more than a dozen times to roll back Obama - era rules and regulations, including one to protect broadband consumer privacy, one to curb bribery and corruption in the energy industry, and one to stop
coal companies from dumping
waste into streams and waterways.
By: Nadine James 16th September 2016 To facilitate the gasification of low - grade fine
waste coal that is discarded as a by - product of
coal processing, State - owned mineral research council Mintek is developing the concept of direct current (dc) arc plasma gasification, intending to produce a synthesis gas (syngas) that could be
used... →
Methanol production is also experiencing a global resurgence, particularly in China where the finished product — typically extracted from solid
waste / biomass, but also from natural gas and
coal feedstocks — is widely
used in chemical production and industrial processes, as well as in blended vehicle fuel.
«There are also other important measures to reduce methane emissions from
coal mining, municipal
waste treatment and gas distribution, for example, as well as black carbon emission reductions through elimination of high - emitting vehicles,
use of cleaner biomass cooking and heating stoves, replacement of kerosene wick lamps with LED lamps and other measures,» adds Zbigniew Klimont of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Austria, who also took part in the study.
Using waste heat from a
coal plant to power the heat pump can mean 80 per cent of the energy put into the slush can be retrieved.
To reduce
use on Portland cement, the material responsible for 7 percent of global CO2 emissions, Bullitt
uses fly ash (a
waste product of
coal burning) to create cement.
They also must control mercury air emissions from
coal - fired power plants,
waste incineration and related industrial processes, and reduce or eliminate mercury
use in small - scale gold mining and chemical manufacturing.
The setup is part of an experiment aimed at testing an unusual water pollution control scheme that
uses gypsum, a
waste product from
coal - fired power plants, to reduce nutrient runoff from farms.
First identified by William Jevons in 1865 — when he noticed more efficient engines increased rather than reduced
coal use, as engines were put into more widespread
use — the rebound effect for higher yields could see food prices drop, encouraging greater consumption, more food
waste and even more conversion of habitats to farmland.
For some communities,
using more
coal waste on farms may reduce health risks associated with
coal waste ponds.
The fuel - flexibility enabled by this new technology will reduce dependency on imported
coal and create cost savings, since cheaper options, including
waste coal, can be
used for fuel, VTT says.
The 70C temperature requirement could be met
using the
waste heat from power plants,
coal or nuclear.
If the US military increases its
use of alternative jet and naval fuels that can be produced from
coal or various renewable resources, including seed oils,
waste oils and algae, there will be no direct benefit to the nation's armed forces, according to a new RAND Corporation study.
Around 3 billion people cook and heat their homes
using open fires and simple stoves burning biomass (wood, animal dung, and crop
waste) and
coal.
Amy Schumer put her freshly - forged Hollywood connections to good
use last night in a biting sketch that points out just how much of the industry's female talent is
wasted on barely - there roles like concerned wife of sniper or concerned wife of trapped
coal miner.
We will seek to avoid the following: • Bonds that finance projects with substantial sustainability concerns such as first - generation biofuels,
waste - to - energy plants
using toxic substances, or projects that prolong fossil fuel dependence such as refurbishment of
coal power plants.
Then let's take the pile of money already
wasted on
coal - liquefication and
coal - gasification while ignoring the energy and environmental costs and
use it for making direct solar energy the fuel for transportation, also all over the planet.
In addition,
using coal in large centralized plants dramatically reduces the burning of fuel wood and
waste that causes enormous indoor air pollution in developing nations.
Another inceasingly
used method is simply to co-fire dry biomass with fossil
coal but there is now a Southern Company project to refit two
coal reactors into forestry
waste reactors.
After the 2008 spill, county officials had pushed TVA to stop
using impoundments to store its
coal ash
waste, and the company is reportedly in the early stages of transitioning to dry ash storage and closing its wet impoundments.
Using nuclear heat to gasify
waste and sequestering the CO2 fraction is going to be more sustainable than anything running on
coal.
How CHP works is by
using the heat that would otherwise be
wasted in exhaust gases from fossil combustion systems, such as flue gases from a
coal - or biomass - fueled boiler or exhaust from a gas turbine or reciprocating engine, to produce steam and / or hot water for various industrial or commercial needs.
From mining through final disposal of
waste from
coal - fired power plants, the
use of
coal produces a wide range of impacts on the natural environment and human health.
As these alternative ways are competing against a set of products — in essence, two: petrochemical fuels and
coal — that are subsidized by being allowed to
use up the scarce resource of the carbon cycle's ability to cope with
waste CO2E, the Market is not fair, and does not run according to Capitalist precepts, without such a carbon price.
Those
wasted resources could have been
used to clean up pollution, such as from
coal - fired electric power plants.
«Wood, agricultural
waste, dung, and
coal are
used for cooking or heating in homes, providing another 25 % of BC emissions.
Defines: (1) «renewable electricity» as electricity generated from a renewable energy resource or other qualifying energy resources; (2) «renewable energy resource» as wind, solar, and geothermal energy, renewable biomass, biogas and biofuels derived exclusively from renewable biomass, qualified hydropower, and marine and hydrokinetic renewable energy; and (3) «other qualifying energy resource» as landfill gas, wastewater treatment gas,
coal mine methane
used to generate electricity at or near the mine mouth, and qualified
waste - to - energy.
Tier II sources include:
waste coal, large - scale hydropower, municipal solid
waste, integrated combined
coal gasification technology, utilizing wood pulping, employing distribution generation systems, and demand - side management
use.
[1] The Clean Energy Standard Act of 2012 defines «clean» electricity as «electricity generated at a facility placed in service after 1991
using renewable energy, qualified renewable biomass, natural gas, hydropower, nuclear power, or qualified
waste - to - energy; and electricity generated at a facility placed in service after enactment that
uses qualified combined heat and power (CHP), [which] generates electricity with a carbon - intensity lower than 0.82 metric tons per megawatt - hour (the equivalent of new supercritical
coal), or [electricity generated] as a result of qualified efficiency improvements or capacity additions at existing nuclear or hydropower facilities -LSB-; or] electricity generated at a facility that captures and stores its carbon dioxide emissions.»
Petroleum - fired generators either burn petroleum liquids (such as distillate or residual fuel oils) or petroleum coke, a refinery
waste product that can be
used as a fuel much like
coal.
The group argues that the so - called «beneficial -
use industry» would be eliminated if a «hazardous» designation was given for
coal ash
waste.
Having established then an idea of what part of the
waste stream is paper fiber being land filled we can then explore the advantages and disadvantages of
using paper fiber as an energy source (fuel) by comparing it to
coal, the fuel of choice.
A new paper argues that industrial
waste from steel and aluminum production and
coal burning could be
used to sequester atmospheric carbon.
And why is the $ 100B climate fund being
used to being
used to block
coal power stations and
waste massive amounts of money on next to useless renewable power projects.
It's more often the beneficiary of implicit or explicit government subsidies to make it more affordable for the
coal industry to operate (the land is practically given to them for free, they get tax expenditures hand over fist, their roads are most often built for them by the state, they're exempted from
waste - disposal regulations, allowed to dump and run, and
use some of the most tyrannical and abject labor standards in the world).
We'll also invest in finding cleaner ways to
use coal, our nation's most abundant energy source, and safer ways to
use nuclear power and store nuclear
waste.
His experience includes
coal, oil, gas, hydro, geothermal, nuclear power plants, nuclear
waste disposal, and a wide range of energy and end
use management projects.
There is increasing awareness of the opportunities to reprocess power station
waste into valuable materials for
use primarily in the construction and civil engineering industry (see
coal combustion products).
We could try feeding these with as much
coal seam bed methane as possible, and likewise
use ADs to extract methane from sewage treatment and putrescible
waste.
Latest examples include solar water splitting
using ferrites at 100 kWth power level [3] and subsequent scaling up to 750 kWth at the Plataforma Solar de Almería (PSA); thermal dissociation of ZnO as part of the two - step ZnO / Zn cycle in a 140 kWth solar reactor at the MegaWatt Solar Furnace in Odeillo, France [4]; and steam gasification of low - grade
coal and carbonaceous
waste in a 150 kWth solar pilot plant at PSA [5].
[1] When
coal is mined and
used to generate power, external costs include the impacts of water pollution, toxic
coal waste, air pollution, and the long - term damage to ecosystems and human health.
Methane is also the principal constituent of natural gas and, therefore, when captured, this
waste product can be put to a productive
use as fuel for the generation of electrical energy as an alternative fuel to natural gas, fuel oil, or
coal.
The U.S. Energy Information Administration includes the following in U.S. primary energy production:
coal production,
waste coal supplied, and
coal refuse recovery; crude oil and lease condensate production; natural gas plant liquids production; dry natural gas excluding supplemental gaseous fuels production; nuclear electricity net generation (converted to Btu
using the nuclear plant heat rates); conventional hydroelectricity net generation (converted to Btu
using the fossil - fuels plant heat rates); geothermal electricity net generation (converted to Btu
using the fossil - fuels plant heat rates), and geothermal heat pump energy and geothermal direct
use energy; solar thermal and photovoltaic electricity net generation (converted to Btu
using the fossil - fuels plant heat rates), and solar thermal direct
use energy; wind electricity net generation (converted to Btu
using the fossil - fuels plant heat rates); wood and wood - derived fuels consumption; biomass
waste consumption; and biofuels feedstock.
Better to put in new combustion turbines and
use their
waste heat to drive the old
coal boilers.
In addition to being
used to simply produce cyclic carbonates, North believes it could also be retrofitted on
coal - fired plants: «If our catalyst could be employed at the source of high - concentration CO2 production, for example in the exhaust stream of a fossil - fuel power station, we could take out the carbon dioxide, turn it into a commercially - valuable product and at the same time eliminate the need to store
waste CO2.»
Amory Levins has estimated that by the time
coal is mined, transported, burned, pumped over the wire, and
used to light an incandescent light bulb, only 3 % of the initial energy is available to the light bulb; 97 % is
wasted.
The supposition that since wind can not be
used for total replacement of
coal, it is a
waste of money is erroneous.
If the US military increases its
use of alternative jet and naval fuels that can be produced from
coal or various renewable resources, including seed oils,
waste oils and algae, there will be no direct benefit to the nation's armed forces, according to a new RAND Corporation study.
Surface mining has also become a dominant driver of land -
use change and water pollution in certain regions of the world, where mountaintop removal,
coal and tar sands exploitation, and other open pit mining methods strip land surfaces of forests and topsoils, produce vast quantities of toxic sludge and solid
waste, and often fill valleys, rivers, and streams with the resulting
waste and debris [81].