Sentences with phrase «using difference scores»

One strength is that it provides a direct measure of recollections of childhood MDT, rather than indirect measures created by using difference scores.

Results are discussed in the context of using difference scores as a method to study siblings» unique experiences.

Not exact matches

Another factor that weighs heavily on your credit score is your credit card utilization: The ratio of available credit to credit used makes a big difference.

Business credit scores use some of the same factors (such as payment history) to determine your score, but there are some important differences.

While the three companies use very similar processes for determining your credit score, they there are small differences in how they're done.

Using them regularly and being sure to pay off the bill can help build your reputation with that particular credit card company, but it won't really make any difference for your credit score.

These studies show little difference between epidural and nonepidural (usually opiate - exposed) babies in terms of Apgar score and umbilical - cord pH, both of which reflect the baby's condition at birth.78 However, a large - population survey from Sweden found that use of an epidural was significantly associated with a low Apgar score at birth.79

To assess the robustness of the results of our regression analysis, we performed covariate adjustment with derived propensity scores to calculate the absolute risk difference (details are provided in the Supplementary Appendix, available with the full text of this article at NEJM.org).14, 15 To calculate the adjusted absolute risk difference, we used predictive margins and G - computation (i.e., regression - model — based outcome prediction in both exposure settings: planned in - hospital and planned out - of - hospital birth).16, 17 Finally, we conducted post hoc analyses to assess associations between planned out - of - hospital birth and outcomes (cesarean delivery and a composite of perinatal morbidity and mortality), which were stratified according to parity, maternal age, maternal education, and risk level.

We used multiple regression to estimate the differences in total cost between the settings for birth and to adjust for potential confounders, including maternal age, parity, ethnicity, understanding of English, marital status, BMI, index of multiple deprivation score, parity, and gestational age at birth, which could each be associated with planned place of birth and with adverse outcomes.12 For the generalised linear model on costs, we selected a γ distribution and identity link function in preference to alternative distributional forms and link functions on the basis of its low Akaike's information criterion (AIC) statistic.

In order to separate student characteristics from aspects of segregated public schools, Kainz used a statistical technique called «propensity score matching,» which allows for comparison of reading growth in segregated and non-segregated schools, while also accounting for numerous differences in the students» backgrounds.

Then, just as an evolutionary biologist compares physical traits between organisms to measure their similarity, he scored the differences between the stories using 72 plot points, such as who played the villain, what trick the villain used, and how the story ends.

Using the same methodology we employed for Parkinson's, our plan is to study other neurological disorders to determine whether there are disease - specific factors which explain any observed differences in the type of biomedical research most likely to receive a high Altmetric Attention Score.»

But so is the cost of any method of reducing greenhouse gas emissions enough to make a similar difference — whether it's doubling the fuel efficiency of every single car and truck on the road (which would cost a few trillion dollars and take at least 15 years) or building scores of new wind turbines for each turbine already turning today or erecting hundreds of new solar cell arrays for every array in use today.

The survival difference increased dramatically in 2005 which coincided with the year that the United States began using a lung allocation score to prioritize people on the lung transplant waiting list.

This score is not used in Canada raising the possibility that this difference may be contributing to the survival gap seen.

«We were thinking through the difference between using a scale that scores responses along a range, such as a Likert scale, versus asking respondents «yes or no» - type questions, for instance regarding women's access to information or equitable decision - making in the household.

To demarcate genomic islands of differentiation, we identified all single or consecutive windows with elevated differentiation defined both using the ratio of fixed differences to shared polymorphism and FST values (i.e. Z - score > 3).

Investigators also used a statistical method called propensity score - weighting to control for differences among the patient groups.

Magnitude is based on the relative difference in the change score, a relative percent difference, using the baseline mean in the meditation group as the denominator.

There is a difference between using online dating as a tool to find love (or just score a hot date for Friday) and letting online dating completely consume your every thought.

The idea that a credit score could be used for more than just determining qualification for a loan A good credit score can mean the difference between your loan being approved or denied.

Evaluations led by Harvard's Tom Kane and MIT's Josh Angrist have used this lottery - based method to convince most skeptics that the impressive test - score performance of the Boston charter sector reflects real differences in school quality rather than the types of students charter schools serve.

First, we use our entire sample to analyze the extent to which the schools that students attend can explain the overall variation in student test scores and fluid cognitive skills, controlling for differences in prior achievement and student demographic characteristics (including gender, age, race / ethnicity, and whether the student is from a low - income family, is an English language learner, or is enrolled in special education).

This is a boon to us policy wonks because we can study the progress (or lack thereof) of individual states and use sophisticated research methodologies to relate score changes to differences in education policies or practices.

Our best evidence of the effects of laptop policy comes from a separate analysis that compares the exam scores of students assigned to the unrestricted - use and tablet - only classrooms to those of students in classes where laptops were banned, while adjusting for the minor differences in the backgrounds of students across groups and including controls for the instructor, the class hour, and the semester.

Using Q - LES - Q - SF scores, where higher scores on the scale indicate greater satisfaction, the mean scores improved from 3.3 to 3.7; a statistically significant difference in the positive direction.

Using propensity - score matching and difference - in - differences estimates, the authors show that delaying vocational education had a positive and significant impact on student performance on the order of one standard deviation.

While complete data were not available for any other year, we repeated this analysis with the Class of 2012 using 10th - grade test scores to control for differences in student ability and found, reassuringly, a similar pattern.

Using data from a variety of sources, including the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, the High School and Beyond study, and the National Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972, Jacobsen and his colleagues at Mathematica essentially confirm Neal and Johnson's findings, providing additional evidence that most of the remaining wage gap is due to differences in cognitive skills, as measured by test scores.

When mathematics proficiency for school year 2005 - 06 is used as a final sorting mechanism (independent variable) for the high - vs. low - scoring principals, the greatest differences, once again, appear at the secondary level.

To account for these differences, pretest scores were used as covariates in the analyses.

He is an advocate and promoter of the use of VAMs (which are in this particular case Student Growth Percentiles (SGPs); see differences between VAMs and SGPs here and here) to evaluate teachers, and he is an advocate and promoter of the release of teachers» SGP scores to parents and the general public for their consumption and use.

The comparison with similar schools that didn't use the program revealed no real difference in student scores or in teacher - retention rates among those schools.

To account for these differences, students» scores on the CAT pretest were used as covariates in all analyses.

They then use as an example the 0.044 (p < 0.05) coefficient (as related to more classroom observations with explicit feedback tied to the Common Core) and explain that «a difference of one standard deviation in the observation and feedback index was associated with an increase of 0.044 standard deviations in students» mathematics test scores — roughly the equivalent of 1.4 scale score points on the PARCC assessment and 4.1 scale score points on the SBAC.»

... Educators 4 Excellence, a teachers group that advocates the use of student test scores in evaluations, called for union and district teachers to quickly resolve their differences.

A study of whether using benchmark tests improved scores on the Massachusetts state test found they made no difference.

According to the report, «value - added models» refer to a variety of sophisticated statistical techniques that measure student growth and use one or more years of prior student test scores, as well as other background data, to adjust for pre-existing differences among students when calculating contributions to student test performance.

We propose a general method of moments technique to identify measurement error in self - reported and transcript - reported schooling using differences in wages, test scores, and other covariates to

In this study, we compare the teacher quality distributions in charter schools and traditional public schools, and examine mechanisms that might explain cross-sector differences in teacher effectiveness as measured by teacher value - added scores using school and teacher level data from Florida.

When used in teacher evaluation, the difference between a student's anticipated growth and the actual scores, either positive or negative, are attributed to the teacher.

The difference between Brookdale and other schools that use ALP is that Brookdale does not have a cut - off score: Everyone in developmental education is allowed to participate.

Current federal special education law, IDEA, states that the use of severe discrepancy (the difference between cognitive or IQ scores and educational achievement scores) must not be required for identification of SLD including dyslexia.

In particular, focusing on college - bound high school students, we use a difference - in - difference methodology to analyze the impact of the end of race - based affirmative action at the University of California in 1998 on both the overall level of SAT scores and high school GPA, and the racial gap in SAT scores and high school GPA.

However, to the dismay of teachers, Governor Cuomo balked at a proposal by legislators to impose a two - year moratorium on the use of Common Core standardized test scores in teacher evaluations, saying, «There is a difference between remedying the system for students and parents and using this situation as yet another excuse to stop the teacher - evaluation process.»

The analysis from the charter school association, which used data collected by the Michigan Department of Education, concluded the largest gaps were found in the MEAP reading scores — as high as 9.3 percentage points difference in eighth grade; with 43.6 percent proficient for black urban students in charter schools, compared to 34.3 percent proficient for black urban students in traditional public schools, said Buddy Moorehouse, spokesman for the state's charter school association.

In spite of the many millions of dollars poured into expounding the theory of paying teachers for higher student test scores (sometimes mislabeled as «merit pay»), a new study by Vanderbilt University's National Center on Performance Incentives found that the use of merit pay for teachers in the Nashville school district produced no difference even according to their measure, test outcomes for students.

One thing to note is that since the Raptor uses 512 MB graphics cards, the score difference between playing at Doom 3's High quality (132 fps) and Ultra quality (130 fps) settings is negligible.

There isn't a noticeable speed difference between an Oasis and a Paperwhite (they score the same thing in the Sunspider browser benchmark, suggesting that they use the same internal SoC — a 1 GHz Freescale i.MX6 SoloLite, according to Wikipedia).

As you keep an eye on your credit score over time, make sure to take note of which scoring method your provider is using — it really can make a difference.