Sentences with phrase «using electron beam»

Scientists have succeeded in «filming» inter-molecular chemical reactions — using the electron beam of a transmission electron microscope (TEM) as a stop - frame imaging tool.

By engravings using electron beam lithography, the waveguides of several micrometers in length are provided with finest cavities of a few nanometers in size.

«3D «nanobridges» formed using electron beam writing with tiny jets of liquid precursor.»

Then the researchers used an electron beam to carve away two squares of ice, exposing the tops of some nanotubes, and deposited a layer of palladium on top of this ice mask.

He chipped off a gram piece and put it under an electron microprobe, which uses an electron beam to excite atoms in the rock's minerals.

The researchers used the electron beam of the microscope to transform the defect between different arrangements, which resulted in a migration of the structure from one image to the next.

Now, scientists from the research group of Nir Bar - Gill at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem's Racah Institute of Physics and Department of Applied Physics, in cooperation with Prof. Eyal Buks of the Technion — Israel Institute of Technology, have shown that ultra-high densities of NV centers can be obtained by a simple process of using electron beams to kick carbon atoms out of the lattice.

FEBID uses an electron beam from a scanning electron microscope to condense gaseous precursor molecules into a solid deposit on a surface.

Lead author Jing Zhang, a postdoctoral researcher, used an electron beam evaporation technique in which to deposit electrodes to individual flakes that had been made via chemical vapor deposition.

Not exact matches

These machines use lasers — or, in some cases, high - power electron beams — to draw shapes in a layer of metal powder by melting the material.

To enable the spacecraft to remain charge - neutral, a «neutralizer» is used to inject electrons to exactly balance the positive ion charge in the exhaust beam.

The new method uses a scanning transmission electron microscope to bombard a film with a beam of high - energy particles.

In the established FEBID process, an electron beam is used to write structures from molecules adsorbed onto a solid surface that provides support and nucleation sites for deposit growth.

Based on that suggestion, the ORNL team hypothesized that it should be possible to measure a nanomaterial's temperature using an electron microscope with an electron beam that is «monochromated» or filtered to select energies within a narrow range.

Demonstrating the technique in the cleanroom at the Center for Nanoscale Systems, a National Science Foundation - supported research facility at Harvard, Kats uses a machine called an electron beam evaporator to apply the gold and germanium coating.

Other metal printers exist, but most use a process of laying down powered metal and melting it with a laser or electron beam.

An electron microscope, which uses a beam of electrons as a light source, recorded the raw data that was then analyzed to create 3 - D reconstructions of the structures.

Previously, researchers have used either electron beam lithography or, more recently, the tiny styluslike arm of an atomic force microscope (AFM) to create nanometer - sized features on a surface.

BEAMS of electrons can pick up and move tiny objects, just like optical tweezers that manipulate items using light.

The second visualization was a movie captured at 23,000 - times magnification that revealed the movements of a group of nanoparticles reacting to an electron beam, which mimics the effects of the infrared radiation used in cancer therapies.

«We added the yttrium oxide to the diamond with a technique known as electron beam evaporation, which involves using a beam of electrons to transform molecules of yttrium oxide from the solid state to the gaseous state so that they can be made to cover a surface and solidify on it.»

He used a weaker electron beam to minimize the damage.

By using this high - power laser, it is now possible to generate all of the high - energy quantum beams (electrons, ions, gamma ray, neutron, positron).

So Banhart used a kind of substitute soldercreated on the spotto link two crossed nanotubes: he focused a narrow beam of electrons from a scanning electron microscope at the point where the tubes met, thereby converting contaminants on their surfaces into bridges made from graphite - like carbon that can conduct electricity.

Like the existing facility, LCLS - II will use electrons accelerated to nearly the speed of light to generate beams of extremely bright X-ray laser light.

They then used a beam of electrons to turn them back into neutral molecules, each of which split into energetic fragments.

The researchers used an ion beam to slice off thin sections from the samples, and they used electron microscopy techniques to image the samples and perform elemental analyses.

Electron beams are currently used to etch atomic - scale patterns, but this is time - consuming and expensive.

Pulickel Ajayan and Sumio Iijima of NEC's Fundamental Research Laboratories in Tsukuba put some nanotubes in a vacuum chamber and deposited lead particles on them using a technique called electron beam evaporation.

The process resembles how computer chips are made, but in conventional, electron beam lithography, a chemical such as polymethyl methacrylate is used as the mask.

To make their determination, researchers used a combination of analytical techniques, including atom probe tomography, transmission electron microscopy and electron beam induced current.

So far, scientists have used powerful laser beams to attain an acceleration of 200 billion electron volts per meter, a new record.

«First, we fabricated samples using electron - beam lithography, magnetron sputtering and lift - off techniques,» said Sampaio.

They used a scanning electron microscope and focused ion beam to obtain thin - slice images of the membrane, which they analyzed with software, rebuilding the three - dimensional structure of the membranes to determine fuel cell longevity.

They have also discovered that the electron beam can be simultaneously tuned to stimulate specific chemical reactions by using it as a source of energy as well as an imaging tool.

By using as sources supersonic jets of hydrogen or helium containing small concentrations of heavier molecules we have been able to obtain molecular beams with kinetic energies of the heavy molecules well into the range above I electron volt.

Materials scientists would like to be able to twist the electron beams used in electron microscopes in a similar way.

ORNL's bioreactor features elegance through a permeable nanoporous membrane and serpentine design fabricated using a combination of electron beam and photolithography and advanced material deposition processes.

«We examined the samples with electron microscopy using thin layers cut out of the composite with ion beams,» explains Tobias Kraus, Division Head for Structure Formation at INM.

Dwight Duston, director of science and technology at the Pentagon's Star Wars office, says the free - electron laser, once trumpeted as a weapon for destroying incoming enemy missiles, could be used to produce a beam of high - quality X-rays that would reduce a woman's exposure to radiation during mammography.

DARPA is looking at more efficient technologies, like fiber lasers and liquid lasers, which could lead to smaller, more compact devices, while the Navy is researching a Free Electron Laser, an experimental technology that uses high - speed electrons to generate an extremely powerful focused beam of radiation.

We also enter international collaborations, including one with the University of Wuppertal in Germany, looking into the possibility of using million electron volt (MeV) proton beams to detect and diagnose deeply buried active regions in semiconductor devices.

Just as we use lenses to focus and reshape visible light, magnets are used to focus and reshape electron beams.

Two types of electric rockets are currently in use: the ion thruster, which generates thrust using a beam of positive xenon ions, and the Hall thruster, which uses xenon ions and electrons for propulsion.

CAC was measured at year 20 (2005 - 2006) using electron - beam computed tomography.

The researchers shined a very powerful X-ray beam — using a particle accelerator at the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory — onto the surface of the material then monitored the electrons as they were knocked out of the interior.

SuperB would use the massive magnets from the idle PEP - II collider at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in Menlo Park, California; would cost about $ 450 million; would smash particles at a slightly higher rate; and would used a spin - polarized electron beam, says David Hitlin, a physicist at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena who works on the project.

The superconducting accelerator takes an electron beam and gives it a shot of energy using microwaves.

By using electron and positron beams instead of heavier protons, the ILC will allow physicists to probe particle properties with much greater precision than they can at the LHC.

Rather than the light used in a traditional microscope, this technique uses focused beams of electrons to illuminate a sample and form images with atomic resolution.