Third, the researchers assessed the intake of artificial sweeteners
using food frequency questionnaires (FFQ).
Macronutrient intake was recorded
using food frequency questionnaires.
For both studies, dietary fibre intake was measured
using Food Frequency Questionnaire responses.
In order to assess dietary intake, most epidemiological studies
use Food Frequency Questionnaires, or FFQs.
↵ a Diet before conception was assessed
using a food frequency questionnaire, and in early pregnancy using a 7 - day food diary.
The researchers, from the Dutch National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Utrecht University, University Medical Center Groningen,
used food frequency questionnaires completed by the parents of 598 Dutch children aged 8 - 13 years.
Not exact matches
Adherence was monitored with the
use of
food -
frequency questionnaires during the study and was corroborated at the end of the study through the measurement of peanut in bed dust, an objective and previously validated surrogate for consumption.23, 24
At the start of CARDIA (1985 - 1986), women and men were asked about their consumption of different fruits and vegetables and the number of servings they had eaten in the past month
using a semi-quantitative interview
food -
frequency questionnaire.
Both studies
used detailed
food -
frequency questionnaires administered every four years to evaluate the composition of the participants» diets.
The men's diet was assessed by means of a
food frequency questionnaire, and they were asked how often, on average, they had consumed how many portions of fruit and vegetables,
using standard portion sizes such as one apple, or half an avocado.
All of the participants, which were patients of the University of Michigan Head and Neck Specialized Program of Research Excellence, were asked to track their intake of
food, beverages and supplements for a year prior to diagnosis and a year following treatment using the Harvard Food Frequency Questionna
food, beverages and supplements for a year prior to diagnosis and a year following treatment
using the Harvard
Food Frequency Questionna
Food Frequency Questionnaire.
Questionnaires for
food frequency were made
use of every 4 years for assessing the habitual diet of individuals, asking how often, on average, each
food was consumed in a standard portion size.
Every one of them was free from cancer and cardiovascular disease at beginning of the study, when they completed the
food frequency questionnaire used in the research.
In all the studies, dietary magnesium levels were established making
use of a 24 - hour dietary recall or a
food frequency questionnaire.
Validity of carbohydrate, glycaemic index and glycaemic load data obtained
using a semi-quantitative
food -
frequency questionnaire
Furthermore, the «
Food Frequency Questionnaire» utilized in this study examines primarily «sugars
used as ingredients in processed and prepared
foods, such as breads, cakes, soft drinks, jam, and ice cream, and sugars eaten separately or added to
foods at the table.»
Design: Intakes of vitamin D and calcium from
foods and supplements were measured every 4 y with the
use of a
food -
frequency questionnaire.
Coffee intake was obtained from participant self - reports
using the Cornell Medical Index (CMI) and
Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ).
Although the Lim team found no relationship between dietary intake of preformed retinol and fracture risk, it only
used one one - week
food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), 13 whereas the 1998 Melhus study
used four one - week FFQs, 7 and the Nurses» Health Study
used five one - week FFQs.
Despite the measurement of key confounders in our analyses, the potential for residual confounding can not be ruled out, and although our
food frequency questionnaire specified portion size, the assessment of diet
using any method will have measurement error.
Diet was assessed at phases 3, 5, 7 and 9
using a 127 - item machine - readable semi-quantitative
food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) which originates from the tool
used in the US Nurses» Health Study, a self - administered
questionnaire on habitual diet over the past 12 months30, 31.
The team
used a validated
food frequency questionnaire to determine consumption of fish, vegetables, fruit, alcohol - containing beverages, dairy products, and meat.
Participants were asked to report the hours spent per week on moderate (eg, brisk walking) and vigorous (eg, strenuous sports and jogging) exercise, then the total hours of metabolic equivalent tasks per week were estimated on the basis of the metabolic equivalent task score assigned to each activity.15 Dietary variables were assessed
using a validated semiquantitative
food frequency questionnaire.12 Mental health was assessed
using the 36 - Item Short - Form Health Survey in the 1996
questionnaire.
Development of a glycemic index database for
food frequency questionnaires used in epidemiologic studies
Dietary validation studies have indicated that the
frequency of coffee consumption reported on a
food frequency questionnaire is highly reproducible and agrees well with assessments
using diet records (15).
At 11 and 34 weeks» gestation, diet during the preceding 3 months was assessed
using an interviewer - administered
food -
frequency questionnaire, from which GL and GI were determined.
A
food frequency questionnaire was constructed based on an instrument
used previously in this population.3 Mothers were asked about the
foods that their infant had consumed over the past week, when they first introduced these
foods, and factors that might have influenced their feeding behavior.
Dietary data were collected from the
Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), a valid and reliable measure of estimated food and beverage consumption (Rogers and Emmett 1998); The FFQ was used to assess (a) mother's reported dietary patterns at 32 weeks gestation («pregnancy»), and (b) what the mother reported feeding her child at 38 months of age («3 years&raqu
Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), a valid and reliable measure of estimated
food and beverage consumption (Rogers and Emmett 1998); The FFQ was used to assess (a) mother's reported dietary patterns at 32 weeks gestation («pregnancy»), and (b) what the mother reported feeding her child at 38 months of age («3 years&raqu
food and beverage consumption (Rogers and Emmett 1998); The FFQ was
used to assess (a) mother's reported dietary patterns at 32 weeks gestation («pregnancy»), and (b) what the mother reported feeding her child at 38 months of age («3 years»).
Participants self - reported their intake of sugar sweetened beverages, including soda and fruit drinks,
using items from the Youth / Adolescent
Food Frequency Questionnaire [51].