Sentences with phrase «using gene coding»

Not exact matches

That's not to say gene editing is new (it isn't), but Crispr simplifies the process by using molecular scissors that can be precisely targeted to snip out aberrant regions of genetic code, which can then be replaced with the correct sequences.

Using CRISPR, a recently developed gene - editing tool that is cheaper and more precise than previous methods, researchers are editing the mice's genetic code.

The OAR proposal uses a variation of therapeutic cloning called altered nuclear transfer (ANT) in which the nucleus of a donor cell (a skin cell, for example), containing the 30,000 genes of the genetic code, is altered in such a way that it produces an epigenetic factor, a protein called nanog.

The scientists used CRISPR, a gene - editing tool, to alter inserted genes so that the enzymes for which they coded would work most efficiently amid the exotic acidity, osmotic character and chemical composition of their new home.

A virus containing the gene that codes for two molecular «switches» essential for turning skin cells into brown fat was used to trigger the change (Nature, DOI: 10.1038 / nature08262).

These are sequences made in the lab from RNA — the template used to produce the proteins that genes code for.

Genes that code for resistance to antibiotics existed even before we discovered and started using antibiotics.

Sequencing the genome of one such organism, King and her colleagues found genes that code for pieces of the same proteins used for the binding of cells and communication between cells in animals — functions that would be unexpected in such an organism.

Several mutations were found in genes coding the machinery that makes mitochondrial proteins, and so would probably hinder mitochondria's ability to make the chemical fuel called ATP, which is used by normal cells.

The team's results point to another strategy, however: using the same genes in different combinations, or «combinatorial coding.»

Manton also noted Schrödinger's use of the term code - script, but she took it to mean «the sum of hereditary material» rather than a particular hypothesis about gene structure and function.

Using genetic data from more than 36,000 people with a variety of autoimmune diseases, researchers found that one genetic variant in the gene that codes for the TYK2 protein...

Using next - generation sequencing to identify the underlying mutations causing these effects, the groups found that the only common suspect was again the ap2 - g gene — the gene that codes for producing the AP2 - G protein.

For example, the Antarctic icefish, a pale, near - transparent inhabitant of the frigid South Atlantic Ocean, has not only lost its ancestors» power to make oxygen - binding red hemoglobin (which it does not need in the cold oxygen - rich waters) but the two genes that code for hemoglobin have also gone extinct: one has disappeared, and the other remains as a non-coding «molecular fossil,» a useless remnant that hints at past use but still resides in the icefish DNA.

The researchers used the power of gene sequencing and clever computational methods to uncover the «source code» for human endothelial cells and learn how that code is disturbed in human disease.

According to the 6 April report in the Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, researchers at Guangzhou Medical University in China attempted — with limited success — to modify the CCR5 gene, which codes for a cell receptor that the HIV virus uses to enter T cells.

We further investigated the source of the conflict in the protein - coding genes (SM11) and found that trees using all codon positions from the 10 % most compositionally homogeneous (low - variance) exons (n = 830) were most congruent with the c12 tree and, thus, more similar to the TENT than to the c123 tree (Figs. 2 and 6A; cladograms in fig.

To estimate the avian timetree with genomic - scale data, we used first and second codon positions from 1156 clock - like exon genes (which do not strongly exhibit the above protein - coding compositional bias), calibrated with 19 conservatively chosen avian fossils (plus nonavian outgroups) as minimum bounds for lineage ages (with a maximum - bound age constraint of 99.6 Ma for Neornithes), in a Bayesian autocorrelated relaxed clock method using MCMCTREE (77) on the fixed ExaML TENT topology (SM12).

This is crucial for phylogenomic inference, as many studies [including transcriptome analyses (19, 74)-RSB- use only protein - coding genes to infer species trees.

New methods for modifying the genome are currently widely discussed: Using CRISPR / Cas for instance, scientists can remove parts of the genetic code of a gene, thereby knocking it out.

But there may be a silver lining: Once researchers have cloned the gene and studied the protein it codes for, Tabashnik says, they might be able to use that knowledge to make better Bt plants.

All these mutations hit the coding part of genes, but there are other types of mutations that the teams can not yet detect using current technology, which is why the 30 % is a conservative estimate.

The T cell gene codes for a protein that HIV uses to get into and infect a cell.

They used CRISPR / Cas -9 to delete various sections of the Notch1 gene, and found that deleting the section that codes for the intracellular domain had no effect on permeability, while deleting the section that codes for the tiny transmembrane domain (TMD) caused vessel leakage to increase under flow conditions.

The gene eae codes for the protein intimin, which the bacteria uses to attach to the intestinal wall.

These genes code for proteins that help use oxygen to generate chemical energy for the body.

Using whole exome sequencing (a next generation test to analyze the exons or coding regions of thousands of genes simultaneously) conducted at the Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center, the researchers identified CLP1 mutations in two unrelated families with the disorder.

Scientists used to think it contained 100,000 protein - coding genes, but it turns out to have just 20,000, and researchers don't actually know the function of many of them.

Her dissertation looked at whether variants in the PSA gene — that is, the gene that codes for the PSA (prostate specific antigen) protein doctors use as a screen for the existence or recurrence of prostate cancer — had any influence on developing the cancer.

Another difficulty is that the gene that codes for dystrophin is too large to fit into the retroviruses that scientists use to insert genes into cells.

Using this «Ribotag» approach tissue - specific changes under DR have been measured in muscle, fat, gut, heart, neurons, germline and malpighian tubules, showing a highly tissue specific response upon DR.. We are developing mechanistic models of gene expression regulation and conducting comprehensive bioinformatics analyses on UTRs, promoters and the coding sequences of various elements of differentially regulated genes.

«RNAi therapies are a unique approach to cancer treatment as they have the potential to «turn off» the genes» coding for proteins involved in cancer cell division,» said Ramesh K. Ramanathan, M.D., medical director of the Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center Clinical Trials Program at Scottsdale Healthcare and deputy director of the Clinical Translational Research Division of the Translational Genomics Research Institute (TGen) in Phoenix, Ariz. «Using a lipid nanoparticle, the RNAi drug can be delivered to a cancer cell to block the expression of specific proteins involved in tumor growth.»

Larison and her research team have also collected zebra tissue samples and have used cutting - edge technology to sequence zebra DNA to try to identify which genes code for striping.

Using this analysis, the researchers identified deletions in the coding region of the gene (in exons E2 to E9, E5 to E9, E8, E10, E14, and E1 to E15), duplications (E11 to E12) on two chromosomes, and a nonsense mutation.

Approach: Wu's group used Brainbow, a transgenic technique originally devised to map individual neurons in the brain, to label cells stochastically using gene cassettes that code for four uniquely expressed fluorescent proteins.

vector - a bacterium or virus that does not cause disease in humans and is used in genetically engineered vaccines to transport genes coding for antigens into the body to induce an immune response.

Researchers typically use viruses for two types of studies --(1) knock - in; introducing a protein - coding gene into cells to study its function, or (2) knockout / knockdown; studying gene function through deletion (potentially using CRISPR lentivirus knockout libraries) or reduction of gene expression, respectively.

The IMPC is generating a knockout mouse strain for every protein coding gene by using the embryonic stem cell resource generated by the International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC).

Using global transposon mutagenesis, we isolated and characterized gene disruption mutants for 100 different nonessential protein - coding genes.

We used a hybridization approach to enrich the DNA from 17,367 protein - coding genes in two Neandertal individuals from Spain and Croatia.

Some gene - editing techniques, while effective at modifying the genetic code, involve the use of genetic markers that then leave a «scar» on the newly edited genome.

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA), whose drug code governs the Olympics and other events, defines gene doping as «the non-therapeutic use of cells, genes, genetic elements, or the modulation of gene expression, having the capacity to enhance athletic performance» [source: WADA].

Only protein coding genes with a correlation > = 0.4 with the tissue ischemic time were used in order to reduce the computational burden of model fitting.

Phylogenetic inference was carried out using a partitioned (codon positions 1 — 2 and 3) supermatrix of 20,384 protein - coding genes from Ensembl v72 (80) following quality filtering, using the longest transcript for each gene.

We first calibrated the whole - exome phylogeny using the time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of Equus (donkey vs. horses) at 4.0 — 4.5 Mya (9) and tip dates for ancient samples, assuming that the combined evolution of protein - coding genes follows a molecular clock (Fig. 2A).

Right near the beginning of the HD gene is a repetitive sequence that reads, in the code used by scientists to describe DNA, C - A-G.

Pilar Mur and colleagues report a study on the coding region and exon - intron boundaries of UNC5C gene in 544 familial colorectal cancer (CRC) or polyposis patients, using and massively parallel sequencing.

A Golden Gate TALEN kit (Addgene) was used to generate two sets of RVD plasmids corresponding to the sequences found in the first coding exon of the CCHa2 - R gene (1L, 1R, 2L, and 2R; S2 Fig).

To accomplish this, we used homologous recombination to ablate nonmuscle myosin heavy chain (NMHC) II - B by inserting cDNA encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP)- NMHC II - A into the first coding exon of the Myh10 gene, thereby placing GFP - NMHC II - A under control of the endogenous II - B promoter.

Her game - changing technology takes a mysterious bacterial genetic code and transforms it into a powerful tool for cutting and pasting bits of genetic material — meaning not only could the entire field of gene therapy be revived, but her genome - editing tool could one day be used to treat a range of diseases, from cancer and AIDS to hereditary disorders like Down syndrome and Huntington disease.