He'd like a way to perform single - cell analysis
using microarrays, instead of full sequencing, but chip - based bisulfite methods require more nucleic acid — about a microgram — than one cell can provide.
Using microarrays that enabled them to examine 100,000 sites on the genome, they looked at the cells» nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA, and methylation patterns (which give clues to whether a gene has been turned on or off).
We have compared the transcriptome in blood leukocytes, liver, and brain of humans, chimpanzees, orangutans, and macaques
using microarrays, as well as protein expression patterns of humans and chimpanzees using two - dimensional gel electrophoresis.
Hierarchical clustering of the differentially expressed lncRNAs was observed and 10 up - regulated lncRNAs were detected
using microarrays.
Then they studied the mice's lungs microscopically and,
using microarrays, measured the expression of many dozens of genes in their lung tissue at 1, 3, and 5 days after infection.
In addition, more researchers are realising the benefit of
using microarrays in their research programmes.
In addition, pharmaceutical companies are now
using microarrays to expedite the drug discovery process.
The technology for genome - wide profiling
using microarrays was newly available, and with it came tremendous excitement, parallel to the mapping of the human genome.
The foil - based measuring chip
uses the microarray analysis platform MCR of the Munich company GWK GmbH.
The scientists then scanned the samples
using microarray technology, which cuts genetic material into segments to provide a snapshot of which genes are active and which are asleep inside the cells.
Hughes's winning research proposed
using microarray techniques to compare the genomes of a variety of vertebrate animals to test for common regulatory elements that determine gene expression.
The researchers then
used microarray analysis and pre-clinical animal assays to identify two predominant glioblastoma subtypes, proneural and mesenchymal.
When Mikovits
used the microarray to study CFS patients, she «saw all these infections — lots of chronic, active infections — cytomegalovirus, Epstein - Barr virus, human herpes six,» she says.
Microbial pathogens induce specific host responses or «RNA biosignatures» that can be identified
using microarray analyses of blood leukocytes (white cells).
Statistician Ker - Chau Li has found a cubical generalization of the correlation function, which he has used to detect, automatically, candidates for three - way interactions of proteins
using microarray data.
Some research teams over the past five years have
used microarray or gene - chip technology to compare genomes and quickly scan them for variations of copy numbers on each chromosome.
To see what genes might be involved in this increased aggression, the team
used microarrays to look for differences in gene expression in fly brains.
For expression analysis in mice,
we used microarray data as described above to select two internal control genes, cyclophilin B (Cphn2) and ribosomal protein S3 (Rps3).
Therefore,
we used microarray analysis to perform pairwise comparisons of the transcriptional profile of EFTF - expressing pluripotent cells to three regions of the Xenopus embryo: the eye field (EF) including underlying mesendoderm, posterior neural plate (PNP) and the non-neural, flank, lateral endoderm (LE, Figure 1A).
In the present study, we therefore
used microarray technology to investigate the concurrent expression of 1,178 genes in the rat retina both following hypoxia and following a post-hypoxic 24 h reoxygenation period.
Study of stem cell function
using microarray experiments.
Finally, the researchers
used microarray analysis to investigate the gene expression and molecular pathways in the muscles of DS mice.
The aim of his research was to
use microarray gene expression data in order to characterize ageing in different human tissues and identify the age at which major changes in genetic expression profiles occur.
Recently, Dr. Wapner led a multicenter study evaluating the accuracy, efficacy, and clinical advantages of prenatal diagnosis
using microarray analysis.
As part of an ongoing functional genomic screening approach, we have been
using microarray analysis and next generation sequencing to identify mouse genes that are specifically expressed in meiosis, and are likely involved in aspects of chromosome biology that are required for meiotic ploidy reduction.
The challenge facing biologists now, say many Hutch scientists, is the need for new statistical models to extract useful information - a need that has not kept pace with the overwhelming number of experiments conducted
using microarray technology.
Biologists are eager to
use microarrays for such studies, Breeden said, but current analytical tools don't provide enough information to be useful for taking the next step in the lab.
Not exact matches
Natera
uses a SNP
microarray from Ilumina with a proprietary technology called Parental Support ™, which tests all 24 chromosomes and delivers results that are typically > 99 % accurate.
Other labs have
used DNA
microarray analysis to characterize gene expression changes in this model.
The panel can be
used as a tool kit for screening and profiling of functional lncRNAs, or as an accurate quantification to validate functional lncRNAs in
microarray or RNA - sequencing data.
Whether you are studying the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously
using DNA
microarrays, or the interaction of multiple molecules to understand intercellular signalling, the skills that will help you understand your findings are statistics, computational techniques, and modelling — so all you really need is a mathematician.
Headquartered in San Diego, California, Illumina develops
microarray technologies
used in large - scale analysis of genetic variation and function.
As ICREA Prof. at ICFO Valerio Pruneri comments «the device means a major step forward for light microscopy techniques, especially for
microarray platforms since it could definitely be
used as a point - of - care tool in the diagnosis and treatment of major diseases such as Sepsis, a critical area where fast and accurate results can translate into life changing health outcomes for individuals.
The Emory team
used high density
microarrays to probe more than 900,000 sites across the human genome to detect structural variation, including deletions or duplications of DNA.
One of these, his most influential, outlines his original
use of
microarray expression profiles as a phenotypic footprint for gene function.
Microarrays are becoming a more commonly
used tool in fields ranging from agriculture to zoology.
During our undergraduate and graduate training in the mid-1990's,
microarrays, as we know them today, were not widely
used.
By measuring gene expression in the transgenic mice
using DNA
microarrays, researchers discovered 50 biomarkers of gene expression that each indicated declining kidney function.
To understand why only some motor neurons are vulnerable to ALS, the researchers
used DNA
microarray profiling to compare the activity of tens of thousands of genes in neurons that resist ALS (oculomotor neurons / eye movement and Onuf's nuclei / continence) with neurons affected by ALS (lumbar 5 spinal neurons / leg movement).
A deep global analysis of the gut microbiota composition was done by phylogenetic
microarray analysis
using a Human Intestinal Tract Chip (HITChip), an analytical device designed specifically for studying gut bacteria.
She's also created artificial bone materials, targets for tuberculosis therapy, cell
microarray platforms, and a cell nanoinjector, a device
used to inject molecules into living cells.
They have now
used the tools of Social Network Analysis (SNA) to help them unravel the connections and identify the biomarkers present in patient genomic
microarray data.
The goal of the first experiment was to see whether lncRNAs are differentially expressed in prostate cancer by measuring total RNA from prostate cancer cell lines and normal epithelial prostatic cells
using NCode human ncRNA array and SurePrint G3 human lncRNA
microarrays.
To do so, they
used so - called
microarrays, a chip technology originally developed for the semiconductor industry.
One of the techniques she
uses is SNP
microarrays, which enable researchers to screen a genetic sample for many SNPs at once on specially designed DNA «chips».
We
used the Virochip, a
microarray designed to detect all viruses, to identify a new species of adenovirus (TMAdV, or titi monkey adenovirus) that caused a deadly outbreak in a colony of New World titi monkeys at the California National Primate Research Center (CNPRC), and also infected a human researcher.
Together these costs have prevented the widespread
use of protein
microarrays despite their enormous potential.
To identify transcriptional patterns that correlate with body mass, we
used oligonucleotide
microarrays to catalogue gene expression levels in the parametrial or epididymal adipose tissue from two dozen mice whose body mass and adiposity varied due to diet, sex, and mutations in genes affecting energy homeostasis.
Total RNA from single animals was individually converted into biotinylated, fragmented cRNA
using protocols recommended by the
microarray manufacturer (Affymetrix Inc., Santa Clara, California, USA).
Using quantitative RT - PCR we confirmed the expression profile of five genes (colony - stimulating factor 1 receptor [Csf1r], Cd68, Pex11a, Emr1, and Mcp1) in each of the 24 samples and found excellent agreement between the
microarray and RT - PCR expression data (mean Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.91,
microarray versus RT - PCR expression; Supplemental Table 3, http://www.jci.org/cgi/content/full/112/12/1796/DC1).