The need to remove carbon from the air
using negative emissions technologies is a topic receiving quite a bit of attention since the shift to more ambitious climate targets.
Both the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change says so, as has the International Energy Agency, and just try to stay within our carbon budget without
using negative emissions on this interactive feature in the New York Times.
Whatever the size of the remaining budget, the likelihood of «overshooting» 1.5 C and later removing carbon dioxide from the air
using negative emissions technologies (NETs) quickly became a theme of the conference.
It is possible to limit warming to 1.5 C above pre-industrial temperatures without
using negative emissions from bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), new research says.
Toward safe, effective, and sustainable use of negative emissions approaches November 15, 13:15 - 14:45 — Bonn Zone, Room 9 In addition to directly reducing emissions, Parties to the Paris Agreement may
use negative emissions approaches to meet their goals.
Not exact matches
Ensure that the tradable
emission permits under Governor Pataki's proposed regional carbon cap are auctioned rather than given away with the proceeds
used to mitigate
negative distributional effects on low and moderate income households and to serve other economically and socially important purposes.
The study confirms and warns that future
use of
negative emissions should not be interpreted as a fall - back option, which would be risky, as continuing to cumulate
emissions would entail lower chances of stabilizing climate change at less than 2ᵒC.
Land
use related
negative emission technologies (LUNETs)-- their implications on food security and relevant SDGs - More
Carbon removal and storage coupled with drawing down fossil fuel
use is called «
negative emissions.»
This could in theory be achieved through the
use of
negative emissions technologies, Eakin tells Carbon Brief:
The point is that, to make the M2009 study equivalent to ours,
negative land
use emissions must be included in the 21st century equal to earlier positive land
use emissions.
Dude, you don't even know the difference between
negative emissions and feedbacks — even when past posters have
used the proper terminology.
Additionally, excessive
use of nitrogenous fertilizer has a significant
negative impact on global warming, due to agriculture's contribution of non-carbon dioxide
emissions.
Scoping the challenge of 4Gt (C) / yr
negative -
emissions, 8 million sq km of willow would do the job but such land
use is surely too high.
Whatever you grow that you don't
use for food can then be fed into biofuel production (as well as biochar production, as a soil amendment, meaning
NEGATIVE emissions), and then you have some amount of ethanol, biodiesel, or bio-based hydrocarbon product.
In its latest report, the IPCC said: «Net
negative emissions can be achieved when more GHGs are sequestered than are released into the atmosphere (e.g., by
using bio-energy in combination with carbon dioxide capture and storage).
Scientists also
use the term «
negative emissions» for such carbon removal solutions, as they work like carbon
emission source run in reverse.
This # 9m scheme is looking at everything from how feasible
negative emissions technologies will be, to what might happen if we try to
use them, as well as the «moral hazard» of assuming such options will become available instead of cutting
emissions faster now.
Above:
Negative -
emissions solutions can include
use of natural systems (e.g., forest or other ecosystem restoration, agricultural soil carbon sequestration) and technological systems (e.g., bioenergy, direct air capture coupled with storage in long - lived materials or geologic formations, accelerated CO2 mineralization processes).
A greater focus on lifestyle change and renewable energy can scale down the
use of
negative emissions significantly a new study shows.
Negative land
use emissions are consistent with positive net
emissions.
It has a number of attractive features, including a limited land footprint, the ability to site units near to CO2 storage sites and a clarity around how much CO2 it sequesters, in contrast to
negative emissions that
use biomass.
Most UN climate projections already anticipate that the world will develop and
use «
negative -
emissions technologies» at some point in the future — that is, some technology that can scrub carbon from the air.
First, it provides a preliminary estimate of anticipated reductions in temperatures per 100 PgC CO2, providing a guide to policymakers who might contemplate more limited
uses of
negative emissions strategies than contemplated in this study.
Emissions reporting uses inherently negative language: Reducing energy use, cutting emissions, preventing climat
Emissions reporting
uses inherently
negative language: Reducing energy
use, cutting
emissions, preventing climat
emissions, preventing climate change.
Since the ESA forbids the Federal Government from funding any activities which might harm a listed species, why not sue to prevent the ridiculous Federal subsidies on Ethanol, on the grounds that the production, distribution, and
use of ethanol have a net
negative impact on carbon dioxide
emissions when compared with petroleum products, thus accelerating global warming and further endangering the polar bears.
Bio-energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is a greenhouse gas mitigation technology which produces
negative carbon dioxide
emissions by combining biomass
use with geologic carbon capture and storage.
Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) /
Negative Emissions Technologies (NETs) approaches constitute existing and proposed technologies that would pull carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from the air, for long - term storage or beneficial
use.
For
negative emissions, it could include biofuels linked to CCS or biogas
used to produce hydrogen with CCS.
In fact, under reasonable alternative assumptions, one of the models
used to estimate the SCC provides a
negative estimate of the SCC — implying that there are net benefits to global warming, which would argue for subsidizing, not taxing, CO2
emissions.
The point is that, to make the M2009 study equivalent to ours,
negative land
use emissions must be included in the 21st century equal to earlier positive land
use emissions.
«Climate science» as it is
used by warmists implies adherence to a set of beliefs: (1) Increasing greenhouse gas concentrations will warm the Earth's surface and atmosphere; (2) Human production of CO2 is producing significant increases in CO2 concentration; (3) The rate of rise of temperature in the 20th and 21st centuries is unprecedented compared to the rates of change of temperature in the previous two millennia and this can only be due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations; (4) The climate of the 19th century was ideal and may be taken as a standard to compare against any current climate; (5) global climate models, while still not perfect, are good enough to indicate that continued
use of fossil fuels at projected rates in the 21st century will cause the CO2 concentration to rise to a high level by 2100 (possibly 700 to 900 ppm); (6) The global average temperature under this condition will rise more than 3 °C from the late 19th century ideal; (7) The
negative impact on humanity of such a rise will be enormous; (8) The only alternative to such a disaster is to immediately and sharply reduce CO2
emissions (reducing
emissions in 2050 by 80 % compared to today's rate) and continue further reductions after 2050; (9) Even with such draconian CO2 reductions, the CO2 concentration is likely to reach at least 450 to 500 ppm by 2100 resulting in significant damage to humanity; (10) Such reductions in CO2
emissions are technically feasible and economically affordable while providing adequate energy to a growing world population that is increasingly industrializing.
Sharp decreases in
emissions in the short term could help nations avoid the
use of costly
negative emissions technologies.
Socially, the
use of land for BECCS would restrict agriculture — contributing to substantial increases in food prices; while politically, the issue seems so toxic that the Paris Agreement carefully avoided mentioning
negative emissions at all.
For this reason,
negative emission techniques should be excluded from the mitigation scenarios
used by the IPCC unless and until there is sufficient evidence to warrant their inclusion and then only on a scale that is demonstrably realistic.
The potential for CCS to generate
negative emissions when coupled with bioenergy is integral to energy
use becoming CO2
emissions ‐ neutral in 2060.
The implication: in addition to rapid reductions in CO2
emissions from fossil fuel
use, we'll likely need big industrial CCS processes to generate
negative emissions via approaches like sustainable bioenergy coupled with CCS and / or direct air capture (DAC) + sequestration to make our climate goals a reality.
The study cited above shows that at discount rates of 5 or 7 %, one of the models
used by the IWG can even produce
negative SCC values (in combination with lower climate sensitivity), implying that CO2
emissions are a net positive and could justifiably be subsidized.
The term «
negative emissions» designates CO2 that is removed from the atmosphere, and can refer to either techno - industrial processes (e.g., Biomass Energy with Carbon Capture and Sequestration, or BECCS) or changes in land -
use practices that yield substantial enhancement of carbon sinks (e.g. afforestation and low - carbon agro-ecological techniques).
But, yes,
using changes in agriculture alone, it should be possible to draw down more than enough to have
negative emissions once things are ramped up to global scale.
Climate expert Kevin Anderson of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research at the University of Manchester recently reported in Nature Geoscience that, of the 400 IPCC
emissions scenarios
used in the 2014 Working Group report to keep warming below two degrees, some 344 require the deployment of
negative emissions technologies after 2050.