January 10, 2011 H1N1 pandemic points to
vaccine strategy for multiple flu strains Although the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic infected an estimated 60 million people and hospitalized more than 250,000 in the United States, it also brought one significant benefit — clues about how to make a vaccine that could protect against multiple strains of influenza.
«The goal is to get a clearer picture of the strains that are circulating and therefore anticipate the right kind of
a vaccine strategy for 2016,» Sasisekharan says.
She is completing her postdoctoral training at IDRI and is excited to use her background in adaptive immunity to help optimize
vaccine strategies for pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
These results suggest that tumor antigen loaded CD40 - B may serve as a practical alternative to DC in cell - based
vaccine strategies for both dogs and humans with cancer.
Not exact matches
The chess battle against influenza will have to continue
for a while longer, but
for now hopes are high that playing the M2
vaccine might be the right
strategy to checkmate the virus.
He said that the most exciting arenas of immunology today include new
strategies for vaccines and studies of regulatory T lymphocytes and the innate immune response, which is essentially the most general form of attacking pathogens.
With all of the interest in developing new therapeutics, new
vaccines, and
strategies for fighting bioterrorism, immunology poses many serious questions
for scientists.
«These initial findings are very positive and suggest a promising and practical
strategy for developing a
vaccine with amazing, broad protection,» said Dr. Taubenberger.
To date, only six patients (including Menezes)
for whom the vaccination
strategy failed have survived, the first was 6 year - old Matthew Winkler from Ohio, who was bitten by a rabid bat in 1970 and developed symptoms after receiving a full course of the
vaccine (prior versions of the rabies
vaccine were not as effective as current formulations).
Yet the Haitian government's
strategy for fighting this outbreak does not mention
vaccines.
The
strategy could provide a stealth way to build attenuated viruses
for producing
vaccines.
«These results imply that, of the options currently available utilizing adjuvants included in the national stockpile, based on the immune response data, AS03 should be considered a first - line adjuvant
for strategies incorporating an inactivated H7N9
vaccine in adults,» the authors write.
Because there are no
vaccines or cures
for these viruses there is an increased urgency of those in the public health sector to identify alternative
strategies to manage the disease, of which an early warning system is included.
The induction of these antibodies that can neutralize a variety of HIV strains is a key
strategy for a global
vaccine, Haynes said.
Kristien Van Reeth, of Belgium's Ghent University, and collaborators are comparing different
vaccines and vaccination
strategies in swine, which are used as a model
for humans.
The findings underscore the need
for targeted research to further evaluate manufacturing
strategies and
vaccine antigens and platforms, according to the authors.
«While awaiting development of new
vaccines that will provide longer - lasting protection against pertussis, we should consider alternate Tdap immunization
strategies for adolescents.»
Bach2, an important gene
for inducing memory B cells, may become an important target in
vaccine strategies.
«We observed rapid and durable protective immunity without adverse events, and so we think this candidate
vaccine represents a promising
strategy for the global fight against Zika virus,» said senior author Drew Weissman, MD, PhD, a professor of Infectious Disease at Penn. «We hope to start clinical trials in 12 to 18 months.»
«Given that approximately 12 percent of human cancers worldwide may be attributed to viruses, and there are no
vaccines currently available
for these five viruses, prevention
strategies to reduce the infections that can lead to cancer are even more critical,» said Linda Birnbaum, Ph.D., director of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) and National Toxicology Program (NTP).
Yale Cancer Center researchers have developed a
vaccine strategy that reduces the risk of flu infections in cancer patients at highest risk
for influenza.
«A
vaccine is certainly important,» he said, «but the therapeutics are a different arm of the antiviral
strategy and are particularly essential
for those who are already infected.»
This «suggests that antibodies specific
for this conserved region could provide protection against multiple toxin - mediated clostridium infections and points to a generalizable
strategy for generating safe
vaccine antigens
for this class of toxins,» they concluded.
Nevertheless, he believes that the new research may eventually lead to
strategies for preventing MS. «In cases where multiple sclerosis runs in families, one could identify children who have inherited high - risk genes, and give them preventive
vaccines,» he says.
«In pursuit of a universal flu
vaccine: Study shows pros, cons
for major
strategy to create broadly protective shot.»
Directing a
vaccine and the body's immune response towards the stalk is a seemingly logical
strategy for creating a shot that would provide broad protection.
For this survey of global health, Science has joined forces with Science Translational Medicine, which examines
vaccine development,
strategies against emerging infections, progress in point - of - care diagnostics, and ways to promote mental health and neonatal health.
Recent research has yielded new information about immune responses associated with — and potentially responsible
for — protection from HIV infection, providing leads
for new
strategies to develop an HIV
vaccine.
Furthermore, the researchers show that their
strategy for immunization against a self - molecule is highly efficient and can be achieved with an adjuvant (immunostimulatory compound included in
vaccines) that is acceptable
for use in the clinic.
«The optimal
strategy for protecting people and animals against this deadly disease would be through vaccination, but there are no FDA - licensed plague
vaccines available in the U.S.,» said Ashok Chopra, UTMB professor of microbiology and immunology.
The findings offer much - needed
strategies for monitoring the emergence of dangerous bird flu strains capable of infecting humans and
for developing more effective
vaccines.
Still, says Weiner, there are ways to enhance efficacy,
for instance by trying more or different genes or by using a so - called prime - boost
strategy, in which the DNA
vaccine is followed by a shot with the protein subunits themselves.
«Instead of dismissing families, we need a better understanding of the reasons
for vaccine refusal to find evidence - based
strategies for communication that are effective at convincing hesitant parents to vaccinate.»
Although an autologous tier 2 NAb response is not sufficient
for vaccine protection against HIV - 1, it may be a necessary step in various
strategies intended to induce bNAbs.
Human naive T cells are far more heterogeneous than has long been appreciated, having implications
for vaccine strategies.
Beyond the issue of alleviating real and potential shortages of influenza -
vaccine supplies is the possibility of pursuing vaccination
strategies that would induce optimal immunity among populations of persons who not only are at greatest risk
for complications but who also generally do not mount an optimal immune response.
«This
vaccine is a successful advancement in developing control
strategies for Zika virus by creating widespread immunity in susceptible populations,» said Stephen Higgs, director of the Biosecurity Research Institute.
«To date, neither antiviral drugs nor
vaccines are approved
for clinical use against human parainfluenza virus, which reinforces the urgent need
for new therapeutic discovery
strategies.
Strategies for the clinical management and public health control of different infectious diseases vary depending on the acuteness and chronicity of infection, infectivity and virulence of the causative pathogen, modes and ease of transmission, and whether there are effective treatments,
vaccines, or other means of prevention.
Heidi's unrelenting style can be seen across all areas of Hookipa, including a major role in the clinical
strategy, scientific advice and clinical trial application
for the Vaxwave cytomegalovirus
vaccine candidate HB - 101.
Randomized, Double - Blind Evaluation of Late Boost
Strategies for HIV - Uninfected
Vaccine Recipients in the RV144 HIV
Vaccine Efficacy Trial.
Five years ago, he enrolled in a study at the UNC School of Medicine, which was part of Dr. David Margolis» «kick and kill»
strategy for eradicating HIV by flushing it out of hiding with a drug called Vorinostat and killing it with either a
vaccine
In the new issue of IAVI Report we wrote about how researchers at the AIDS
Vaccine 2010 conference in Atlanta discussed the limited window of opportunity for conducting clinical trials to test partially effective HIV prevention strategies, including HIV vaccine candidates and oral or topical antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), in combi
Vaccine 2010 conference in Atlanta discussed the limited window of opportunity
for conducting clinical trials to test partially effective HIV prevention
strategies, including HIV
vaccine candidates and oral or topical antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), in combi
vaccine candidates and oral or topical antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), in combination.
Insights into how it survives and spreads have profound implications
for vaccine strategies.
Ghana's
strategy, President Akufo - Addo said, was based on innovations — adopting the new generation of insecticides
for indoor - residual spraying, as well as being one of the three countries testing the new malaria
vaccine.
There are no licensed
vaccines for placental malaria and current
strategies to prevent the disease rely on vector eradication (e.g. using chemically - treated bed nets, indoor residual spraying) combined with the intermittent administration of antimalarial drugs.
The finding points to a possible new
strategy in the search
for an effective AIDS
vaccine.
Harmonisation and standardisation of
vaccine assays, providing reproducible data
for the selection of formulation
strategies, administration routes, dosages, and schedules.
Studies conducted and supported by NIAID have led to important new discoveries about the microbes that cause NTDs, the identification of targets
for potential new drugs and
vaccines, and the development of
strategies for controlling organisms that transmit NTD - causing agents to humans.
Let's hope this
strategy points us to a
vaccine or therapy
for this very unpleasant viral infection.