The vaccine used during the 2012 — 13 flu season in Canada did not work very well, despite the fact that the circulating flu viruses had not seemingly changed much after the vaccine strains had been chosen.
Not exact matches
The flu
vaccine is safe for
use during pregnancy and has been shown to protect the baby from the flu for up to 6 months after she is born.
And a new analysis of the STEP trial, published last November in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, provides a warning that the very vectors (adenoviruses, which are also employed in other
vaccine development work)
used to distribute the inactive HIV strains can actually make the immune system more vulnerable to infection by recruiting susceptible T cells to mucous membranes, where they are more likely to be infected
during sexual activity.
The good news is that this year the FDA approved the first bird flu
vaccine and announced plans to stockpile it for emergency
use during a crisis.
The WHO first recommended
using vaccine during epidemics in 2010, after Haiti exploded.
Novavax says that
during Phase IIa of seasonal flu
vaccine testing, which began in May, it was able in the majority of people tested to surpass the FDA's requirements for producing enough antibodies to protect the body from the H3N2, H1N1 and B viruses — all of which were common enough a year ago to be
used to develop flu
vaccines for the 2008 to 2009 flu season.
The BMJ also notes that three scientists who were involved in the preparation of a 2004 WHO document, WHO Guidelines on the
Use of
Vaccines and Antivirals
during Influenza Pandemics, had received payments from pharmaceutical companies, including research funding, or consultancy or speaker fees.
Collins, however, notes that Ebola
vaccines had only been tested in macaques before they were
used in human trials
during the recent Ebola outbreak.
1) Facilitate safe off - label
use of existing
vaccines — Support collaboration between the zoological community and conservationists in the field to determine the safety as well as efficacy of existing distemper
vaccines that could be, at a minimum, administered opportunistically to endangered wild carnivores whenever they are being handled (e.g.
during radio - collaring exercises or when being translocated to mitigate human - wildlife conflict).
And a new analysis of the stopped STEP trial, published online Monday in Proceedings in the National Academy of Sciences, provides a warning that the very vectors (adenoviruses, which are also employed in other
vaccine development)
used to distribute the inactive HIV strains can actually prime the immune system to be infected by recruiting susceptible T cells to mucous membranes, where they are more likely to be infected
during sexual activity.
Using this model, Diamond, along with co-senior authors Pei - Yong Shi, PhD, of the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), and Ted Pierson, PhD, of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), evaluated the ability of two
vaccines to protect fetuses whose mothers were infected
during pregnancy.
The study did not look at whether the
vaccines are safe and effective for
use during pregnancy.
Kieny said that for reasons that aren't fully understood,
vaccine companies that
use eggs to grow
vaccine viruses get yields of only 25 % to 50 % of those obtained
during the production of seasonal
vaccine.
World Health Organization (WHO) is responsible for predicting the influenza strains that will be most common
during the next season and for giving recommendations on the particular virus strains that should be
used for producing the
vaccines for the next influenza season.
Importantly, many of these markers were not present in the virus strains
used for the
vaccine development
during the last season.
During the 2014 - 15 flu season, the poor match between the virus
used to make the world's
vaccine stocks and the circulating seasonal virus yielded a
vaccine that was less than 20 percent effective.
These were
used in
vaccines in Europe and Canada
during the 2009 pandemic, but adjuvants suitable for flu are not currently approved in the US.
Exclusion criteria included: significant current illness as indicated by history, examination and / or laboratory testing including complete blood counts, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and serum creatinine; previous immunization with a rabies
vaccine or any experimental
vaccine; chronic
use of immunosuppressants; receipt of blood products
during the previous 6 months; and allergy to substances present in the
vaccines.
In this role, Ms. Roxland re-launched and chaired J&J's Ethics Committee, created an enterprise - wide consultation service for teams and individuals confronting complex research ethics issues, and provided guidance on issues such as post-trial access for former research participants, conducting clinical trials in war - torn regions, testing of a potential Ebola
vaccine during a public health crisis, commercialization of stem cell therapies, subject recruitment and withdrawal, and expanded access / compassionate
use.
What about the cases in which an exterior circumstance such as trauma in late pregnancy leading to premature birth with all the developmental issues those extra fragile babies have, trauma
during delivery including the
use of forceps or vacuums, or even
vaccines post birth that can cause «severe abnormalities» does the same «option» stand - to kill a life or not?
To put this in perspective,
using the traditional vaccination guidelines a cat would receive three
vaccines annually
during his or her fifteen year lifespan for a total of 45
vaccines, not including the initial kitten series.
-- Eaton County Humane Society, Olivet, has a TNR program that includes free
use of live traps, free spay or neuter, rabies and distemper
vaccine, mandatory ear tipping, support
during the trapping process by phone & email, and helpful literature and instructional videos.
In Europe, a
vaccine is available for
use during canine pregnancy (one dose at the time of breeding and a second 6 - 7 weeks later, to be repeated with each pregnancy).
After establishing sound immunity
during the first month of a pet's life, we at South Boulder Animal Hospital assess your pet's risk factors and will recommend an appropriate health care plan with the judicious
use of
vaccines as necessary.
Immunity can not be assumed
during the puppy vaccination series until approximately 2 weeks after
using a high titer
vaccine at 12 weeks of age or a lower titer
vaccine at 16 weeks of age PLUS a 5 day to 14 day period to allow the immune system to respond.
He and Leisa had taken their dogs here to the facility
during one of our weekly low - cost
vaccine clinics and was inspired to
use Leisa's love of their dogs — Chester and Brutus — to help him ask the ultimate question.
- Spay / neuter and provide initial
vaccines -
Use high - quality food without corn or grain - If feeding canned food, add L - lysine as an immunity supplement and anti-viral - Feed cats
during the daytime only, never at night because night feeding attracts rabies - carrying wildlife as well as predators.
During this period, many veterinarians have switched to immunizing ferrets with Merck's Nobivac ® Puppy - DPv, a
vaccine that has been
used successfully in ferrets in Europe and the UK for many years.