Sentences with phrase «vaccine viruses because»

Such GOF studies are «crucial» for the selection of each year's candidate vaccine viruses because they help WHO identify the riskiest strains in the wild, Schultz - Cherry said.

Not exact matches

Because the swine flu virus was traced on the evolutionary tree to see how it mutated and thus develop a vaccine that works against it.

Because the flu vaccines don't contain live viruses, you can't get the flu from the shot.

After all, vaccines are effective because they contain weak traces of the viruses they protect against.

The scientists believe that because they included eight mutations in their lab - made viral strain, it is unlikely the virus will revert back to its original, more dangerous form (a common concern with any live - virus vaccine).

The long - term persistence of CD8αα + T cells where initial infection occurs may explain why patients have asymptomatic recurrences of genital herpes because these cells constantly recognize and eliminate the virus, according to Jia Zhu, Ph.D., corresponding author, research assistant professor in Laboratory Medicine at the University of Washington and an affiliate investigator in the Fred Hutch Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division.

Many viruses do not undergo this change, so for those kinds of vaccines there's no need for change because they work very well.

Joy: Yeah, but the point is we have the technology now to sequence and manufacture vaccines fairly quickly; and ideally they wouldn't be grown in eggs or whatever, right; because what if it starts as a virus in chickens or something, and we're screwed.

US pig farms try to control it with vaccines, but these attempts are largely ineffective because the virus evolves too rapidly, changing the surface proteins targeted by the vaccine while keeping its internal genes unchanged.

From a vaccine - development perspective, it would be particularly troubling if the former ends up being the case because it is hard to control immune response — especially when scientists are not sure what facet of the virus may set off that cascade of action.

Remarkably, the researchers also found that blocking this protein in mice protected them from the lethal effects of dengue virus infection, an important finding given that an effective vaccine against dengue has remained elusive, partly because there are four serotypes of the virus that cause disease.

Because there are no vaccines or cures for these viruses there is an increased urgency of those in the public health sector to identify alternative strategies to manage the disease, of which an early warning system is included.

Some conservative groups oppose targeting preteens, arguing that because the virus is sexually transmitted, the vaccine will encourage promiscuity.

Efforts to develop a vaccine have been unsuccessful because the virus does not spend much time in the bloodstream, where most traditional vaccines do their work.

Though many early vaccines worked well, side effects were always a concern, sometimes because the virus was still infectious, sometimes because proteins were present that triggered severe immune reactions.

Notably, because no live viruses are used in their manufacture, VLP vaccines do not need to be produced under high - level biocontainment conditions.

«Our finding will not help develop a vaccine because the focus is on innate immunity rather than the virus,» Huang said.

You need less virus in a live vaccine because it replicates in the body, induces immunity in the gut where it is needed, and vaccinated children shed it in faeces and «vaccinate» their friends.

But this information is vital for scientists who are trying to design vaccines to protect against sexual transmission because inside cells, the virus may go undetected by the immune system.

But the vaccine has been known to cause occasional outbreaks, presumably because the procedure used to kill the virus is imperfect.

Because this research does not require replicating «live» viruses, it does not need to be done in high - level containment facilities when developing vaccines for highly pathogenic viruses.

Because the flu virus is constantly evolving in this way, the World Health Organisation meets twice a year to determine whether the strains of flu included in the vaccine should be changed.

Kang's primary research focuses on designing and developing effective vaccines against viral diseases such as influenza virus and RSV, but he partnered with a university and research institutes in South Korea that wanted international collaborative projects to study if ginseng can be used to improve health and protect against disease because of the potential benefit in fighting these viruses.

«The quality of these naturally occurring human antibodies as biological drugs to treat the virus infection is remarkable, and we are doubly encouraged because they recognize multiple species of Ebola,» said immunologist James Crowe, Director of the Vanderbilt Vaccine Center.

In contrast to many other vaccines, influenza vaccines need to be reformulated each year because circulating influenza viruses continuously evolve.

It was developed because children given the triple vaccine were mounting an immune response mainly to type 2 virus, not to 1 and 3.

A new HCV infection is effectively treated with direct - acting antiviral drugs, but the researchers say a preventive vaccine is needed to control what they call an HCV pandemic because as many as 50 percent of people infected are unaware that they carry the virus, putting others at risk of infection.

Because Ebola is so deadly, creating a conventional vaccine of inactivated whole virus, or a live weakened strain is thought too far too dangerous.

WRAIR is moving forward with the purified inactivated virus (PIV) vaccine, called ZPIV, because it builds on «a type of vaccine that has been licensed before,» said Col. Stephen Thomas, an infectious disease Army physician and a vaccinologist specializing in flaviviruses, and the WRAIR Zika program lead.

Deeks and others believe the trial may have been partly successful because the vaccine contains HIV genes that code for «highly conserved» internal structures and enzymes that can not change much without harming the virus.

Interest in vaccine safety was very high because of the infamous Cutter incident, which involved batches of the vaccine containing inadequately inactivated virus that gave polio to hundreds of children.

Because Ebola diagnostics and some therapeutics like vaccines are based on the specific viral sequence, it is important for researchers to have the most up - to - date virus genome sequence possible.

And even if they were more dangerous than common flu strains, it would not make any difference because manufacturers kill the virus as part of the vaccine production process, notes the group.

He notes that the new study is especially relevant because it worked in mammalian cells, which ultimately are a better way to grow the virus than eggs: It's a faster production system and avoids mutations that occur when the virus adapts to chicken eggs, which can compromise vaccine effectiveness.

«Repeat vaccination with a different subtype would not be possible,» Palese admits, because after the first vaccination, the animals will be immune to the Newcastle virus, rendering the vaccine useless.

The vaccine has particular significance because the regions where outbreaks of the two viruses occur overlap, says Donald Black, head of the capripox virus group at the Agricultural and Food Research Council's Institute for Animal Health.

According to Christopher Zimmerman, medical director of the New York City Health Department's Bureau of Immunization, the virus spread quickly among children who were not fully vaccinated, including those whose parents put off the shots because of concern about the autism - vaccine link.

The DNA vaccine for Zika virus is more immunogenic and effective than other vaccines because it can create memory responses, which inactivated vaccines with killed viruses fail to produce, Higgs said.

The DNA vaccine also is safer because it does not use attenuated viruses to produce viral antigens.

Whitehead and the other researchers said that in the case of dengue, the testing was warranted because they knew that the vaccine appeared to be effective at preventing dengue 1, 3 and 4 viruses through previous testing but needed to learn more about its impact on dengue 2 before proceeding to larger trials that could take three to 10 years and cost tens of millions of dollars.

Human challenge trials like this one are an extremely efficient way for scientists to tell whether a particular vaccine is effective, but they are rarely conducted because of the ethical dilemma of the risk it places on volunteers who are purposely exposed to a virus.

But because these human strains frequently mutate to adapt to their new environment in eggs, the resulting vaccine is often an imperfect match to the actual virus that it is supposed to protect against.

«Because viruses typically mutate during vaccine production, manufacturers have to screen for mutations, and decide which ones can be tolerated and which ones can't,» Heaton said.

Because hemagglutinin also happens to be the part of the flu vaccine that induces an immune response in people (it's the H in a virus name like H5N1), each mutation renders the vaccine less effective.

The vaccines were evaluated for immunogenicity and efficacy; however, because of the previous report of immunopathology on challenge of ferrets and nonhuman primates that had been vaccinated with a whole virus adjuvanted vaccine and mice that had been vaccinated with a VLP vaccine, the primary orientation was to assess for immunopathology among animals in relation to type of vaccine, dosage, serum antibody responses, and virus infection.

A vaccine has not worked, and likely never will, because the virus hides out deep in our bodies and stays there for life.

That's because while women ages 20 to 24 do have the highest infection rates — nearly 45 % — women past that age may not have been exposed to every form of the virus the vaccine protects against.

This suggests that elder be superior to vaccines in preventing flu, because flu vaccines are only effective against known strains of flu, whereas the virus is continually mutating to new strains.»

This means that puppies that receive needless vaccines not only suffer the risk of adverse events from the vaccine, but they are more at risk of picking up any other virus or bacterium that crosses their path because their immune system has been overloaded by the vaccine itself.

These two viruses in combination with Bordetella bronchiseptica are the agents most often associated with kennel cough, however, other factors play an important role in disease (e.g. stress, dust, humidity, molds, mycoplasma, etc.), thus kennel cough is not a vaccine preventable disease because of the complex factors associated with this disease.