At the same time, skin wound closure was delayed
after vagotomy surgery in wt mice consuming L. reuteri, when compared with L. reuteri - treated animals undergoing sham surgery (Fig.
Importantly, the changes in behavior and brain chemistry were largely extinguished
with vagotomy, suggesting direct lines of communication from gut to brain [90].
After
vagotomy in mice, no behavioral change was found even for mice that were treated with probiotics.
Second, antrectomy
with vagotomy is an older surgical procedure that is designed to block acid secretion regulated by gastrin release from the antrum and acetylcholine release from the vagus nerve.
Gut microorganisms can affect brain functions through the vagus nerve; after
a vagotomy, the microorganisms will not be able to regulate behaviors.
Iron deficiency anemia has been reported in patients with atrophic gastritis, gastric resection, or
vagotomy.
To test this possibility we performed
vagotomies, and found that C57BL / 6 wt mice undergoing vagotomy lost the L. reuteri — induced oxytocin surge phenomenon (Fig.