The numerical experiments are designed to explore the effects of changing various properties of the ocean (its size, geometry and diapycnal diffusivity), the atmosphere (its water
vapour content) and the forcing of the system (the distribution of incoming solar radiation and the rotation rate of the planet).
Clouds and precipitation are affected through modifications of the temperature and water
vapour content of near - surface air.
The average atmospheric water
vapour content has increased since at least the 1980s over land and ocean as well as in the upper troposphere.
The change in water
vapour content will reinforce the warming from orbital change until cloud increases and sets in the negative feedback.
Oh and, while the water
vapour content of air may be dependent on temperature, cloud cover certainly isn't No, not entirely, but increased water vapour is the main contributors to cloud formation, and, as you almost point out, increased temperature increases water vapour in the atmosphere.
Oh and, while the water
vapour content of air may be dependent on temperature, cloud cover certainly isn't
Or what the possible role of increasing / decreasing water
vapour content in increasing / decreasing the radiative forcing with multi-decadal oscillations?
Truth n ° 10 The water
vapour content of the air has been roughly constant since more than 50 years but the humidity of the upper layers of the troposphere has been decreasing: the IPCC foretold the opposite to assert its «positive water vapour feedback» with increasing CO2.
If CO2 increases there is more cooling at say 250 mbar and less cooling below: such a setting is likely to be erased by convection; and by a slight reduction of the water
vapour content of the upper troposphere that will restore the OLR.
The water
vapour content of the air has been roughly constant since more than 50 years but the humidity of the upper layers of the troposphere has been decreasing: the IPCC foretold the opposite to assert its «positive water vapour feedback» with increasing CO2.
Hence while the bulk of the water vapour in the lowest layers (2.3 km) closely tracks the temperature of the surface, it's the water
vapour content of the high troposphere that controls the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and the global balance of the absorbed solar radiation with the OLR.
[44] a reduction of 1/7 of the water
vapour content of the air near 300 mbar pushes down by a factor 1 / (1-1/7) 4.7 = 1.03 the P80 % level and the P80 % temperature increases by a factor 1.030.19 = 1.006 that is by about 1.5 K for the radiation temperature over the far infrared spectral range
Water
vapour content is largely a function of temperature, particularly ocean surface and near - surface temperature.
* the water
vapour content of upper layer of the air (in blue figure 6 - D) will change by about 12 % / K near the tropopause and is reduced by the enhanced cooling of the 250 mbar layer; hence the water vapour radiation will the be from a «lower and warmer» level, with a very significant spectral leverage of a factor of ten (400 cm - 1 for the water vapour w.r.t to 40 cm - 1 for the CO2).
[41] The water
vapour content of the air between the top of the air and the altitude of pressure P (atm) is decreasing roughly like P4.5 [42]: hence 80 % of the total water vapour is between P = 1 and P = 0.75 near 2.3 km, and the total water content of the air closely follows the surface temperature.
QUOTE: He says water vapor content has been roughly constant for 50 years, but that is contradicted here: http://www.pnas.org/content/104/39/15248.full.pdf ANSWER: the quoted paper by Santer considers only the TOTAL water
vapour content.
If the water
vapour content were higher, then the nights would cool less, but the days would warm less too though, as we see in the tropics as compared to deserts.
The blue line of the graph shows the optical depth of the atmosphere with changing CO2 and water
vapour content.
The annual peak in atmospheric water
vapour content occur usually around August - September, when northern hemisphere vegetation is at maximum transpiration.
To claim that the entire system of atmospheric temperature moderation has been described by the fluctuations of atmospheric CO2 content while excluding the other obvious factors such as atmospheric water
vapour content, solar flux and orbital mechanics is just nonsense.
Now, the only way we can get back for the previous equilibrium is that the earth «takes action» to kill off the vegetation to reduce the water
vapour content in the atmosphere.
Areas with high water
vapour content at the exact same latitude don't cool off nearly as much which is evidence of the very back radiation you are trying to refute.
Probable few people doubt increasing
vapour content in the atsmosphere.
When the atmosphere cools again water
vapour content declines and the atmospheric greenhouse effect weakens.
I have made simple calculations with a water
vapour content of 1 % and find that liquid water has less volume than the equivalent number of H2O molecules in gas form.
Given the lower temperatures and lower water
vapour content at higher altitudes and a need for high supercooling to initiate condensation (in the absence of sufficient normal CCN), wouldn't an increased source of nuclei, in the form of GCRs, enhance high - and middle - altitude cloud formation?
«The far north has indeed been behaving bizarrely in Nov / Dec 2016, setting many new records for temperature, sea ice extent, atmospheric water
vapour content, and Arctic amplification (the difference in temperature between the Arctic and northern mid-latitudes)»
For this reason, telescopes for this kind of astronomy must be built on high and dry sites, where the atmosphere is rarefied and its water
vapour content minimal.
What is evident from the dust during the cool phase and lack of dust during the warm phase was that the water
vapour content of the air suddenly changed.
In a warming world, atmospheric water
vapour content is expected to rise due to an increase in saturation water vapour pressure with air temperature.
Not exact matches
Or increased water
content (so that energy is more efficiently transported by ferrying
vapour up to condense, release the energy and rain out).
«The logic is clear: when temperatures increase there is more evaporation and the atmosphere has a greater capacity to absorb water
vapour, with the result that its energy
content is higher.
-- Water
Vapour (WV) does not mix evenly in with the other gases and atmospheric WV
content varies from location to location but I believe it is estimated to be around 4 to 5 %.