Sentences with phrase «venom genes in»

So she and her colleagues have instead looked for venom genes in the genome of a close Latrodectus relative, the common house spider, Parasteatoda tepidariorum, which was reported on 31 July in BMC Biology by a team headed by Alistair McGregor of Oxford Brookes University in the United Kingdom.

Not exact matches

These adaptations include the massive and rapid expansion of gene families that produce venom toxins, providing the snake with a highly toxic protein mixture required to overcome a variety of different prey and also circumvent any resistance to venom that may have developed in such prey.

Armed with the both the king cobra and Burmese python genome the team was able to show that, despite previous hypotheses that venom genes evolve «early» in the lineage leading to snakes, venom gene families do not duplicate early, in fact the study shows that the rapid and extensive expansion of functionally important venom toxin families is restricted to the venomous «advanced» snake lineage.

Snake venoms are complex protein mixtures encoded by several gene families and these proteins function synergistically to cause rapid paralysis or death in prey.

Of the genes undergoing the strongest evolutionary change, many are involved in body shape and organ development, metabolism, venom production and the sense of smell (PNAS, DOI: 10.1073 / pnas.1314475110).

Some of these proteins are wasp venoms, suggesting that genes from the wasp have been transferred into the virus in a feat of natural genetic engineering.

But the findings suggest that the wasps don't need mutations in the venom toxin genes to switch from one host to another, or to keep pace with their current hosts.

Consequently, the gene's protein — which had a benign physiological function elsewhere in the wasp body — reached a concentration with toxic properties in the venom.

One of the orb weaver's silk genes is even expressed in the spider's venom gland.

Instead, Werren likened the functionality of these single - copy genes to «moonlighting» for extra cash, with the genes taking on a «night job» in the venom gland in addition to their «day job» elsewhere in the body.

They just need to be able to co-opt and drop genes for use in making venoms quickly.

What they found surprised them and challenged all of their initial hypotheses: Rattlesnakes have quickly evolved a great variety of differences through the loss of genes, resulting in varying venom gene numbers and types.

Not only does this appear to have led to the unusual venom differences between species, but the researchers found variety in the genes within species as well.

Seeking to understand how the cone snail springs its slow - motion trap, the Utah researchers searched the gene sequences of all of the proteins expressed in the venom gland of Conus geographus.

The insulin genes were more highly expressed in the venom gland than genes for some of the established venom toxins.

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