Sentences with phrase «ventral abdominal contractions»

For the simultaneous visualization of hemolymph flow through the heart and ventral abdominal contractions, as well as the quantification of hemolymph flow speeds in the lateral abdomen, mosquitoes were restrained laterally by placing pins: (1) on either side of the cervical membrane such that they crossed dorsally and restrained the mosquito between the pins and the Sylgard; (2) through non-vascular portions of each wing after they had been teased away from the abdominal tergum; (3) between the wings and the anterior portion of the abdomen; (4) over the legs, entering the Sylgard posterior to the third leg pair; and (5) immediately dorsal of the longitudinal midline of the scutum (Figure 1B).

The data presented herein unequivocally show that ventral abdominal contractions are an integral component of the mosquito circulatory system.

Here, we intrathoracically injected fluorescently labeled 2 µm diameter microspheres and tracked their flow in the lateral and ventral abdominal hemocoel during the three principal contraction periods: (1) periods of retrograde heart contractions and abdominal rest, (2) periods of anterograde heart contractions and abdominal rest, and (3) periods of anterograde heart contractions with simultaneous ventral abdominal contractions (Figure 2).