Sentences with phrase «ventral striatum»

In keeping with models of choiceless utility, the differential activity in ventral striatum may be a «cleaner» signal of stable preference than can be obtained from an individual behavioral task.

[35] The first randomized, controlled study of DBS for the treatment of TRD targeting the ventral capsule / ventral striatum area did not demonstrate a significant difference in response rates between the active and sham groups at the end of a 16 - week study.

It enlists the amygdala and the hypothalamus, which deal with emotional information; it also stimulates the reward - processing ventral striatum, probably due to the satisfying nature of watching erotic stimuli.

For ventral striatum, drug (F = 56, P = 0.0001) and interaction (F = 7.3, P = 0.01) were significant; post hoc t tests showed greater decreases in controls (25 ± 18 %) than abusers (11 ± 25 %)(P = 0.02).

Personal Distress was associated with amygdala and hypothalamus activation, Empathic Concern with the left ventral striatum, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC), and supplemental motor area (SMA) activation, and Fantasy with the septal area, right SMA and VLPFC activation.

Compared to both children and adults, neurological circuits responsible for emotionally - salient cue responses are more active among adolescents, including an elevated amygdala response to threat [29 • •, 57] and elevated ventral striatum activity in response to rewards [3 • •].

Indeed, ventral striatum hyperactivity in response to positive reward cues is related to greater behavioral disinhibition and risky decision making, as well as delinquent and impulsive behaviors [39 • •].

In that third round, the participants responded positively, activating areas in their brains that some scientists call the «reward circuit» — or the «ventral striatum.»

In teenagers only, the sight of a happy face triggered a significant response from the ventral striatum, a small patch of neurons located near the center of the brain.

The ventral striatum produces bigger responses to bigger rewards, and in teens it is rigged up to an amplifier, making rewards seem more appealing still.

The ventral striatum is especially sensitive to dopamine, which produces a feeling of anticipation and helps the brain focus on reaching a goal.

And even well - adjusted adolescents may be primed to choose the heart over the head — or, perhaps we should now say, the ventral striatum over the inferior frontal gyrus.

The Disney ad stoked big responses in the orbito - frontal cortex and ventral striatum, two areas associated with feelings of reward, the parts of the brain that say, «I like that!»

Participants also viewed angry or scared faces to activate a region of the brain called the amygdala, and played a reward - based guessing game to stimulate activity in the brain's ventral striatum.

In this study, published in Neuron last year, Greene and Shenhav observed that as the subjects made their decisions, they tapped a fascinating selection of brain areas: the insula, normally used to manage probability and risk, and the ventral striatum, which tracks magnitude.

Scult was particularly interested in «at - risk» individuals with the combination of high threat - related activity in the amygdala and low reward - related activity in the ventral striatum.

Individuals whose brains exhibit a high response to threat in the amygdala (left) and a low response to reward in the ventral striatum (middle) are more at risk of developing symptoms of anxiety and depression over time.

Analyses of the neuroimaging data showed that age - related reductions in craving were associated with increased activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex, which is involved in self - control, and decreased activity in the ventral striatum, which is involved in reward processing.

His team aimed to stimulate a bundle of nerve fibres called the ventral capsule / ventral striatum, which goes from the front part of the brain that is involved in problem solving through to deeper regions.

Together these signals triggered activity in the ventral striatum, an area of the brain that motivates action and motor skills.

They found that compassion training increased activity in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and ventral striatum, areas associated with love and reward; empathy training increased activity in the insula and anterior cingulate cortex, typically involved in registering another's pain.

Similarly, getting a fair offer — even if it was small in absolute terms — activated regions in the brain such as the ventral striatum and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex that are involved in automatic and intuitive reward processing.

In the second phase of his study, volunteers read about student A's downfall, causing the ventral striatum to light up.

Most active were the orbital frontal cortex, which is involved in the processing of emotions; the anterior cingulate, which is associated with conflict resolution; the posterior cingulate, which is concerned with making judgments about moral accountability; and — once subjects had arrived at a conclusion that made them emotionally comfortable — the ventral striatum, which is related to reward and pleasure.

The Cambridge team found that impulsive rats had 10 percent fewer receptors in their ventral striatum.

«We have formulated a strong working hypothesis that dopamine dysfunction in the ventral striatum mediates impulsivity and encourages increased intake of cocaine.

The ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex displayed greater decreases in activity for controllable compared with uncontrollable setbacks.

The research team discovered that above all parts of the medial pre-frontal cortex and also the ventral striatum were activated more when prices were higher.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) used in the study showed activity in a part of the brain called the ventral striatum — which has been shown to guide goals based on prior experiences.

While the medial pre-frontal cortex particularly appears to be involved in integrating the price comparison and thus the expectation into the evaluation of the wine, the ventral striatum forms part of the brain's reward and motivation system.

Chib believes that these results confirm that the ventral striatum is the interface between incentive - driven motivation and execution of physical performance, and he hopes these insights could help coaches and others to work with — or overcome — people's loss aversion in order to maximize their performance.

They focused on the ventral striatum, a small area of the brain that processes reward but is also known to help control movement.

By monitoring the participants» brain activity as they were presented with incentives and then performed a skilled movement task, the researchers found that performance is influenced by a brain area called the ventral striatum.

When an incentive was initially presented to participants, the activity of their ventral striatum increased with the magnitude of the stakes, whether framed as potential gains or losses.

In ventral striatum (key brain reward region), MP - induced reductions in DVs and BPND (reflecting DA increases) were inversely correlated with scores of negative emotionality, which were significantly higher for marijuana abusers than controls.

(C) Regression slopes for the correlation between MP - induced changes in BPND (ΔBPND) in the ventral striatum and NEM in healthy controls (blue) and in marijuana abusers (red).

But all three labels also elicited some activity in the brain area associated with reward, the ventral striatum, as well as other regions related to desire and feeling connected.»