Sentences with word «ventromedial»

Brain activity in ventromedial prefrontal cortex correlates with individual differences in negative affect

Physical aggressiveness and gray matter deficits in ventromedial prefrontal cortex.

Higher plasma glucose levels correlated with greater brain activity in executive control centers in the ACC and ventromedial PFC, whereas higher levels of plasma cortisol, but not other hormones, were correlated with greater activation in reward regions, such as the insula and putamen (P < 0.01, corrected), in response to high - calorie food cues.

Ins, insula; SS, somatosensory operculum; dTP, dorsal temporal pole; cACC, caudal anterior cingulate cortex; rACC, rostral anterior cingulate cortex; sgACC, subgenual anterior cingulate cortex; MTL, medial temporal lobe; FG, fusiform gyrus; vTP, ventral temporal pole; vlSt, ventrolateral striatum; vmSt, ventromedial striatum.

We review the fMRI data indicating that particular comorbidities of CD / ODD (i.e., mood and anxiety conditions such as childhood bipolar disorder and PTSD) are associated with either increased responsiveness of neural regions implicated in the basic response to threat (e.g., the amygdala) or decreased responsiveness in regions of frontal cortex (e.g., ventromedial frontal cortex) that are implicated in the regulation of the basic threat response.

In the brain, they are located in the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus and arcuate nucleus, as well as in ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons projecting to the nucleus accumbens.

In the brain, the ghrelin receptor is located in the the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus and arcuate nucleus, as well as in ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons projecting to the nucleus accumbens.

Abnormal ventromedial prefrontal cortex function in children with psychopathic traits during reversal learning

Boys with CD had significantly reduced CV and SA compared to non-CD boys in ventromedial and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

Abnormal ventromedial prefrontal cortex function in children with callous and unemotional traits during reversal learning

Reseachers at the Universities of Chicago and Iowa have pin - pointed the the ventromedial area of the prefrontal cortex of the brain (a good - sized chunk of the brain just above your eyes) as the area responsible for making you pause and consider information before you accept it as fact.

Schore points out that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a brain region in the right hemisphere, both has the most complex emotion and stress - regulating systems of any part in the brain and is also the center of Bowlby's attachment control system.

The results showed different reactions: when asked to make judgments about similar people, areas in the ventromedial PFC became active, and when asked to make inferences about dissimilar people, areas in the dorsomedial PFC became active.

This is not just a rat trick: These experiments have been replicated in a wide variety of mammals, and humans who sustain damage to the ventromedial hypothalamus (usually from a tumor of the adjacent pituitary gland) will also increase their food intake and become obese.

When rats received lesions in a particular subregion of the hypothalamus called the ventromedial area, they became obese.

Brains of teenage girls exposed to high levels of family stress when they were toddlers showed reduced connections between the amygdala, which is also known for processing fear and emotions, and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, an outer region responsible for emotional regulation.

In the other 21 vets, who had damage to their ventromedial prefrontal cortex, the situation was reversed (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, DOI: 10.1073 / pnas.0912568106).

The researchers, including Stanford's Schnitzer, used the same microscopic technique as Dulac's team but implanted the lens in the ventromedial hypothalamus, an evolutionarily ancient structure involved in social behavior.

He found that the damage would reliably include at least one of three crucial areas of the brain: a section of the frontal lobes called the ventromedial prefrontal cortices, which are central to both emotional processing and decision making; the somatosensory cortices in the right hemisphere, which interpret information coming from the body; and the amygdala, the almond - shaped area within the temporal lobes that plays a crucial role in emotional response.

«This area of the brain, the ventromedial hypothalamus, is a primitive, ancient region.

The team used mice that had been genetically engineered so that neurons in a specific part of the brain involved in aggression and sexual behavior — the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)-- would glow green when activated.

To track how brainwaves change during learning, Ann Graybiel and Mark Howe at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology used electrodes to analyse brainwaves in the ventromedial striatum of rats that were being taught to navigate a maze.

Another key area is the ventromedial prefrontal cortex — part of the brain thought to be involved in self - awareness.

Damasio and his wife, Hanna, a neurologist, studied Gage's skull and, on the basis of historical reports of his personality decline, concluded that his problems had resulted from damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, an area of the brain near the center of the forehead that is associated with emotion.

A later study found that in patients with damage to the frontal lobe (the ventromedial prefrontal cortex), decisions to communicate are no longer fine - tuned to stored knowledge about an addressee.

However, there were some parts of the brain that became more active as participants inched closer to achieving their goal, with fewer stations left on a single line: the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus.

Patterns associated with empathic care, for instance, overlapped with systems in the brain associated with value and reward, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the medial orbitofrontal cortex.

They found that when a subject believed a statement — whether it was religious or not — activity appeared in an area called the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, which is an area associated with emotions, rewards and self - representation.

For the study, the researchers gave patients with injuries to specific parts of the brain (the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, the amygdala, or the insula) two different gambling tasks: a slot machine game that delivered wins and «near - misses» (like a cherry one position from the jackpot line), and a roulette game involving red or black predictions, to elicit the gambler's fallacy.

Their results indicate that the neuronal interactions between the so - called dorsolateral and ventromedial prefrontal cortex not only play a central role when a person needs to decide between several options, but also are decisive in general for flexible decision making.

She used a virus to ferry light - sensitive channelrhodopsin - 2 proteins into neurons of the region called the ventrolateral subdivision of the ventromedial hypothalamus, or VMHvl.

So areas of the brain responsible for emotions, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, play a role as well.

Earlier work showed that electrical stimulation of some of these sites provokes cats and rats to sudden bouts of rage and that the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) has some involvement in sexual behaviors.

The answer may be no time at all, if you have damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC)-- a region in the forebrain associated with emotional response.

For both signers and speakers, phrase building engaged the same parts of the brain with similar timing: the left anterior temporal and ventromedial cortices, despite different linguistic articulators (the vocal tract vs. the hands).

Part of the frontal lobe ultimately calculates the willingness to pay in an area known as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, (vmPFC), which refers to the area's location.

We tested a prediction that detection of distal threat would elicit activity in brain regions associated with value - based and complex decision making, such as the anterior cingulate and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), whereas proximal threat would engage low - level midbrain regions implicated in reflexive escape behavior (i.e., PAG).

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we found that as the virtual predator grew closer, brain activity shifted from the ventromedial prefrontal cortex to the periaqueductal gray.

In the brain, the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) are thought to encode how these rewards are valued.

Yet when asked to imagine the scenario happening to others, their brains did not show typical connectivity between the amygdala, an area important for fear and emotional processing, and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, a region vital for emotion regulation, empathy and morality.

Similarly, getting a fair offer — even if it was small in absolute terms — activated regions in the brain such as the ventral striatum and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex that are involved in automatic and intuitive reward processing.

According to a new report, published in Nature, damage to the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPC)-- a region in the forebrain associated with emotional response — can blunt a person's emotional response to sacrificing a single person to save many others.

Researchers focused their examination on a small population of neurons in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), which is known to be involved in self - referential thought as well as emotion.

In cases like this, fMRI revealed that activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), a part of the brain that regulates emotions in more flexible ways, is necessary to promote persistence.

The ventral striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex displayed greater decreases in activity for controllable compared with uncontrollable setbacks.

The team linked a brain region, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, with the desire for tasty items, regardless of how unhealthy they might be.

«We show here that the hippocampus contributes to the generalization of concepts and works with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in real time to organize experiences according to their similarities and differences.»