The warmth dimension has to do with the quality of the affectional bond between parents and their children, and with the physical and
verbal behaviors parents use to express their feelings.
Not exact matches
Authoritative
parents encourage a
verbal give - and - take, and explain the consequences of good and bad
behavior.
Between 6 and 9 months, most
parents begin to see patterns in their child's
behaviors that give them clues, but temperament becomes more apparent in the toddler years, as your child becomes more
verbal and social.
Infant massage provides an opportunity to the
parent for understanding
behavior through both non-
verbal and
verbal communication.
The study analyzed
parenting behaviors and whether they had an effect on
verbal intelligence as measured by the Picture Vocabulary Test (PVT).
Parent and teacher reported data did not reveal any significant differences between the intervention and control groups in instances of negative
verbal behavior.
Teachers and
parents rate their
behavior problems as more severe, but not their inattention and impulsivity, and they have lower
Verbal IQ scores.
This study examined harsh
verbal and physical discipline and child problem
behaviors in a community sample of 2,582
parents and their fifth and sixth grade children.
Significant traumas, such as divorce, the death of a loved one, abuse (
verbal, physical, or sexual), a
parent being deployed, or a major illness, can have long lasting psychological consequences which affect
behavior, sleep, eating, mood and academic or social functioning.
Scales used to assess inconsistent maternal enforcement of rules, loud arguments between the
parents, low maternal educational aspirations for the child, maternal possessiveness, maternal use of guilt to control the child, maternal anger toward the child, parental cigarette smoking, parental supervision of the child, paternal assistance to the child's mother, paternal role fulfillment, and maternal
verbal abuse were obtained from the DPI and instruments assessing maternal child - rearing attitudes and
behaviors that were administered during the maternal interviews.28 - 31 Measures of maternal punishment, parental affection toward the child, parental time spent with the child, and poor parental communication with the child were administered during the maternal and offspring interviews using scales assessing parental warmth,
parent - child communication, and parental support and availability.28, 29,31 Data regarding parental home maintenance and maternal
behavior during the interview were provided by interviewer observations.
Two forms of control are: psychological -
parents attempt to oversee and regulate children's psychological and emotional development through constraining
verbal expression and invalidating feelings; and behavioral —
parents try to regulate children's
behavior by using limit setting and positive reinforcement (Pomerantz, 2001).
Parents became more sensitive to their child's cues and set appropriate limits on their challenging
behaviors, resulting in decreased use of
verbal and corporal punishment and an improvement in their ability to establish appropriate expectations.
Parent of a child in foster care with disruptive
behavior,
verbal and physical aggression, opposition and defiance, substance abuse, property destruction, autism, and mood or anxiety disorders
Parent and teacher reported data did not reveal any significant differences between the intervention and control groups in instances of negative
verbal behavior.
Johnston, 1998, described it as a relationship marked by SOME or all of the following parental
behaviors: high degrees of anger and distrust; incidents of
verbal abuse; intermittent physical aggression; ongoing difficulty in communicating about the children» ongoing difficulty cooperating in the care of the children; sabotage of children's relationship with the other
parent.
Behaviors included under an umbrella term of adolescent - to -
parent violence also vary, as some researchers include only physically abusive acts (McCloskey and Lichter 2003; Nock and Kazdin 2002), others consider both physical and psychological aggression (Calvete et al. 2015b), and still others include physical violence,
verbal aggression, and property damage (Margolin and Baucom 2014).
While attachment assessment in preschool years relies on observation of
behaviors during separation and reunion procedures (Main and Cassidy 1988), toward the end of early childhood children are less sensitive to brief separations from
parents, as their attachment representations become more elaborate because of strengthened
verbal and memory skills (Messina and Zavattini 2014).