Sentences with phrase «vertebrates such»

After the study on invertebrate brains, Strausfeld and Wolff will embark on investigating vertebrates such as rats, birds, reptiles, amphibians and fish.

«Our embryological research helps us understand exactly how the gill structures in early vertebrates such as Metaspriggina relate to the gills of living forms,» says Gillis.

He wants to know if similar parings of hardwired and plastic development exist in vertebrates such as humans.

«We identified a motif in the protein component of telomerase that controls how the enzyme carries out its activity in vertebrates such as ourselves.»

Necessity Is the Mother of Invention: SciJobs.org As a graduate student, Plautz used cellular and molecular biology techniques to examine the interactions that lead to lens and eye formation in vertebrates such as frogs.

«The broad picture,» Yau says, «is that the local pupillary light reflex appeared early in primitive vertebrates such as jawless fish, even before the brain got involved.

Not exact matches

Parthenogenesis occurs naturally in many plants, some invertebrate animal species (including nematodes, water fleas, some scorpions, aphids, some bees, some Phasmida and parasitic wasps) and a few vertebrates (such as some fish, amphibians, reptiles and very rarely birds.

The term macroevolution, by contrast, refers to the origin of new species and divisions of the taxonomic hierarchy above the species level, and also to the origin of complex adaptations, such as the vertebrate eye.

There is no such «direct» evolution: animals, bacteria, and algae have a common ancestor from which they have diverged, as can be shown by aligning and comparing amino acid sequences of proteins and nucleotide sequences of homologous ribosomal RNA molecules that are found in both bacteria and vertebrates.

Furthermore, sensory receptors for these chemicals have been found in all vertebrates except cartilaginous fishes such as sharks.

Planetary cues, such as magnetic inclination and moon phase, guide northern elephant seals and other large vertebrates over long distances and across time.

There is only one group of vertebrate that has the capacity to regenerate highly complex structures such as limbs, jaws, tail, spinal cord, or eyes throughout their lives: the urodele amphibians.

However, there doesn't seem to be any such surface structure on the cells of vertebrates.

They also claimed it contained other internal organ structures, such as gill sacs, that identified it as a vertebrate, and that the animal's teeth resembled those of lamprey.

Insects, he says, also need less food and space than vertebrate sources of protein and therefore could replace or supplement food resources that may become scarce in the future, such as fish stocks, which a recent study indicates may collapse by 2048.

Hornworm moth larvae respond aggressively when pecked by vertebrate predators such as birds, but it wasn't clear whether they reacted toward invertebrate predators in a similar fashion — and whether invertebrates, too, could have played a role in the evolution of caterpillar defenses.

Such lateralization, corresponding to our right - and left - handedness, suggests specialization in the brain's hemispheres, which is believed to improve its efficiency and which was first considered an exclusively human, then an exclusively vertebrate, attribute.

Pyenson et al. report that the site, Cerro Ballena, dates to the Late Miocene period and consists of over 40 skeletons of marine vertebrates, including rorqual and sperm whales, seals, predatory fishes, and fascinating, now completely extinct, species such as walrus - whales and aquatic sloths.

One means of accomplishing that would be to include lab chiefs» safety records among the materials submitted in grant proposals (and weighed in funding decisions), alongside currently required materials such as human subjects and vertebrate - care documentation.

The threatened species include at least 9 % of bees and butterflies and about 16 % of vertebrate pollinators such as bats and hummingbirds.

The newly discovered viruses appeared in every family or genus of RNA virus associated with vertebrate infection, including those containing human pathogens such as influenza virus.

Some animals are considered carnivores even if their diets contain very little meat (e.g., predatory arthropods such as spiders or mantids that may rarely consume small vertebrate prey).

«It may in fact be that regeneration is ancestral, but that newts have species - specific adaptations that allow it to have such spectacular regenerative capacities compared with other vertebrates.»

The Daohugou Biota makes an immense contribution to our understanding of vertebrate evolution during this period, with such notable creatures as the oldest known gliding mammal, another early mammal that may have swum with a beaver - like tail, the oldest dinosaurs preserved with feathers, and a pterosaur that represents an important transitional form between two major groups.

Yet trying to understand the genetic explanations of such questions is surprisingly difficult considering most vertebrate genomes, including our own, are made up of literally billions of DNA bases that can determine how an organism looks and functions,» says Castoe.

But jawed vertebrates, such as sharks and humans, also possess a so - called adaptive immune system that tailors the body's defenses to thwart a specific pathogen.

«We analyzed, for the first time at such a large scale, global patterns of island vertebrate extinctions in relation to different types of invasive mammals and physical island conditions,» McCreless said.

But Iwashita warns that the experiments were only successful in very young rats, which seem to have the characteristics of much lower vertebrates, such as chickens.

Such an interpretation requires an abundance of caution, says D. Charles Deeming, a vertebrate paleontologist at the University of Lincoln in England not involved in the study.

This result is surprising because, until recently, scientists believed that TRH only occurred in vertebrates with a thyroid gland, such as fish, birds, and mammals.

The team's insights not only illuminate normal vertebrate development but also could lead to improved understanding of human spinal defects such as scoliosis, said Pourquié, who is also the Harvard Medical School Frank Burr Mallory Professor of Pathology at Brigham and Women's Hospital and a principal faculty member of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute.

Using a combination of satellite and ground data, the team can map multiple indicators of monkey distribution, including human activity zones as inferred from roads and settlements, direct detections from mosquito - derived iDNA, animal sound recordings, plus detections of other species that are usually found when monkeys are present, such as other large vertebrates.

Jawed vertebrates — such as fish, birds and mammals — make up 99 % of all living vertebrates, including us.

Although many vertebrate species have diversified on the island after arriving by overwater «sweepstakes» dispersal, most — such as the flying lizards and black - crested macaque monkeys — have speciated in such a way that their geographic ranges are non-overlapping, with their ranges meeting like pieces in a jigsaw puzzle.

(Beneficial endosymbionts, such as Tremblaya, are fairly common in invertebrates, but are rare in humans and other vertebrates.)

Finds such as the newly discovered Birgeria species and the fossils of other vertebrates now show that so - called apex predators (animals at the very top of the food chain) already lived early after the mass extinction.

Online today in Biology Letters, paleontologists describe nine couples of a species of aquatic turtle that perished while copulating and that were then preserved — the first such record among vertebrates, the researchers say.

Leslie found the first cases of wider seed cones in the Jurassic period, a time when very large vertebrate herbivores, such as the long - necked sauropods Diplodocus and Barapasaurus, roamed Earth.

Often the underdogs of body parts, vertebrate lymph systems can do vital chores such as fight disease but rarely get the attention that blood systems do.

They grow as extracellular parasites inside phlebotomine sand flies that transmit Leishmania to variety of vertebrates, such as rodents, dogs, and humans, where they grow inside immune cells, notably macrophages, causing severe pathologies that may lead to death.

One reason the octopus fascinates scientists is that its brain became organized to be able to carry out such incredible, complex tasks without adopting the principles of the vertebrate brain.

Fishes account for over half of vertebrate species, but while groups such as mammals, birds and reptiles have been fairly well understood by scientists for decades, knowledge about relationships among many types of fishes was essentially unknown — until now.

With help from Yale University biology student Ignacio Quintero, Wiens calculated such estimates for 540 species in 17 groups of living vertebrates.

So other small mammals and other vertebrates, such as amphibians and reptiles that lived there, they were either in their own burrows or they were in pocket gopher burrows or other small mammal burrows in the area.

A new study overturns a long - held theory about how these asymmetries develop, and the researchers say their work could help explain left - right asymmetries in other animals, such as the position and shape of the heart and liver in humans and other vertebrates.

«On the one hand, there was this idea that the third eye was simply reduced independently in many different vertebrate groups such as mammals and birds and is retained only in lizards among fully land - dwelling vertebrates,» says Krister Smith at the Senckenberg Research Institute in Germany.

«Organ development, especially the liver, is highly conserved among vertebrates — including zebrafish — and the mutations we create in zebrafish alter embryogenesis in a manner consistent with humans, making it an ideal model system to study diseases such as Alagille syndrome.»

That included several genes linked to novelty - seeking in vertebrates, such as receptors for the neurotransmitters dopamine and glutamate.

Neural crest cells are a type of stem cell; during vertebrate embryonic development, they eventually differentiate into specialized cells such as those that make facial skeleton cells or those that create pigment cells.

The peripheral nervous system of vertebrate animals includes three kinds of nerve cells: sensory neurons, which transmit impulses from sensory receptor structures to the brain; motor neurons, which innervate the striated, or skeletal, muscles, and autonomic neurons, which regulate the functional activity of the circulatory system, the organs, the glands and the smooth muscles (such as those of the intestine).