In any case, according to Diane Ravitch, who is probably America's leading historian of education,
vertical penmanship probably wasn't any worse than a lot of other panaceas offered since — particularly panaceas offered in recent times.
A century ago, the superintendent of schools in New York, William Henry Maxwell, heaped scorn on one theorist who proclaimed «
vertical penmanship» to be the solution to all ills.
A few years later, William Henry Maxwell, the esteemed superintendent of schools in New York City, heaped scorn on educational theorists who promoted their panaceas to gullible teachers; one, he said, insisted that «
vertical penmanship» was the answer to all problems; another maintained that recess was a «relic of barbarism.»