By and large, one must hope to find isolated,
very luminous objects whose radiation in one form or another manages to reach us through the increasingly neutral medium.
The distances to
very luminous objects can be derived using the inverse square law of light brightness if their luminosity is known.
They are
very luminous objects.
Quasars are
very luminous objects powered by accretion of gas into supermassive black holes at the centers of distant galaxies.
Not exact matches
This boatload had gone unnoticed because astronomers previously assumed
luminous traces of the galaxies in Coma indicated small, insignificant bodies, and not just the most visible central regions of otherwise
very dim
objects — the tips of galactic icebergs, as it were.
So here's the problem: how does nature produce such
objects that are
luminous over a large range of wavelengths and generate the energy in a
very small volume?