Since
the very warm surface temperatures of 1998 which followed the strong 1997 - 98 El Niño, the increase in average surface temperature has slowed relative to the previous decade of rapid temperature increases, with more of the excess heat being stored in the oceans.
Since
the very warm surface temperatures of 1998 which followed the strong 1997 - 98 El NinÌ o, the increase in average surface temperature has slowed relative to the previous decade of rapid temperature increases, with more of the excess heat being stored in the oceans.
Not exact matches
The results show that even though there has been a slowdown in the
warming of the global average
temperatures on the
surface of Earth, the
warming has continued strongly throughout the troposphere except for a
very thin layer at around 14 - 15 km above the
surface of Earth where it has
warmed slightly less.
I am
very cuious if you found a variance between Upper Air and
Surface warming... I calculated total amospheric refraction temperatures, ie from data extracted by analyzing optical effects, some of my results show an impressive yearly warming trend, much stronger than the surface bas
Surface warming... I calculated total amospheric refraction
temperatures, ie from data extracted by analyzing optical effects, some of my results show an impressive yearly
warming trend, much stronger than the
surface bas
surface based one.
A
very recent study by Saba et al. (2015) specifically analyzed sea
surface temperatures off the US east coast in observations and a suite of global
warming runs with climate models.
I have a post at Nate Silver's 538 site on how we can predict annual
surface temperature anomalies based on El Niño and persistence — including a (by now unsurprising) prediction for a new record in 2016 and a slightly cooler, but still
very warm, 2017.
The point about heating (adding energy) vs
warming (
temperatures going up) is a
very good one — it might help if the scientists involved with the major
temperature series people look at (GISS, RSS, etc) also produced a global
surface energy change index that accounted for things like melting ice, which absorb heat without raising
temperatures.
The problem here is that estimates of changes in sea
surface temperature and the depth of the
warm mixed layer might be
very unreliable, since the general behavior of the Atlantic circulation is only now being directly observed — and the most recent findings are that flow rates vary over a whole order of magnitude:
So the problem has been principally with MSU 2LT, which despite a strong
surface temperature trend did not seem to have been
warming very much — while models and basic physics predict that it should be
warming at a slightly larger rate than the
surface.
Whereas this phenomena has been principally related to a natural extreme event, its impacts may
very well forebode the impact that a projected
warming of
surface temperatures could have by the end of the 21st Century due to greenhouse gas increases.
The record - breaking year of 2005 had below - average dust over the Atlantic,
very warm sea
surface temperatures, and an unprecedented four hurricanes that reached category 5, the highest classification.
It could
very well be that general
warming along with high sea -
surface temperatures have lengthened the tropical storm season, making it more likely that a Sandy could form, travel so far north, and have an opportunity to interact with a deep jet - stream trough associated with the strong block, which is steering it westward into the mid-Atlantic.
Given all the independent lines of evidence pointing to average
surface warming over the last few decades (satellite measurements, ocean
temperatures, sea - level rise, retreating glaciers, phenological changes, shifts in the ranges of
temperature - sensitive species), it is highly implausible that it would lead to more than
very minor refinements to the current overall picture.
I am
very cuious if you found a variance between Upper Air and
Surface warming... I calculated total amospheric refraction temperatures, ie from data extracted by analyzing optical effects, some of my results show an impressive yearly warming trend, much stronger than the surface bas
Surface warming... I calculated total amospheric refraction
temperatures, ie from data extracted by analyzing optical effects, some of my results show an impressive yearly
warming trend, much stronger than the
surface bas
surface based one.
It stands to reason that the oceans haven't been that
warm in a while but since the average
temperature of the whole mass of water is so dependent on circulation (it's only the
surface temperature that's constrained by its interactions with the atmosphere and space), I suppose a plausible history of that particular value would be
very hard to reconstruct.
Note also that the global
warming trend has not been terribly strong over the last decade, so inferring a negative feedback to
surface temperature change is a bit odd to me, particularly when the feedback would have to be
very sensitive.
The contribution to sea
surface height by thermal expansion is significant, but doesn't play a
very big role in determining the
temperature of the
warm pool.
Considering that the mechanism of the «natural AMO» is so poorly understood, there's no justification for immediately blaming increases in hurricane activity on it while entirely ignoring global
warming effects on sea
surface temperatures (and atmospheric moisture), for which
very clear mechanisms do exist.
Alas the atmosphere has
temperature, will radiate according to its
temperature and close to the
surface the
temperature of that atmosphere is little different from the
surface,
very warm relatively, and radiates lots of energy.
These record
temperatures have been assisted by a
very strong El Niño event, which brought
warm water to the ocean
surface, temporarily
warming global
surface temperatures.
Humans are contributing to global
warming, and
very likely are responsible for most of the measured increase in global
surface temperature.
But 2015 is the height of a
very large El Niño, a quasi-periodic
warming of tropical Pacific waters that is known to kite global average
surface temperature for a year or so.
With true global coverage later in the record the
surface warming trend overwhelms any regional
temperature cyclicity, as you've
very convincingly demonstrated.
«With
very high sea
surface temperatures that have a strong global
warming component, these flooding events break records, and cause untold damage,» he says.
If you want to know what I think about the science of climate change, then you should read what Mojib (if my name weren't Mojib Latif it would be global
warming) Latif has to say about the relationship between natural variability and long - term climate change (which includes,
very prominently, the discussion about natural variability «swamping» mean
surface temperature on a short - term basis).
Global Sea
Surface Temperatures are
very warm at the moment.
Models are
very consistent, as this article demonstrates, in showing a significant difference between
surface and tropospheric trends, with tropospheric
temperature trends
warming faster than the
surface.
The point is that this observation is not
very relevant if the outcome comes from a combination of relevant and persistently
warming data from areas where the
temperature is strongly correlated with increase in the heat content of oceans, atmosphere and continental topmost layers, and almost totally irrelevant data from areas and seasons where and when exceptionally great natural variability of
surface temperatures makes these
temperatures essentially irrelevant for the determination of longterm trends.
Early on in my following of the global
warming issue I became aware of the
Surface Stations Survey, which led me to be
very skeptical of the validity of the most recent
temperature data trends, as I have never seen any convincing explanation as to how data from the many urban heat island and «corrupted»
temperature monitoring sites are properly corrected.
In short, as far as Jones knew in February 2010 - and as the keeper of the Hadley - CRU
surface temperature record he was surely in a
very good position to know - the planet hadn't
warmed on average over the decade.
Do you deny that a non-illuminated
surface radiating into space would (in the absence of
warming from above or below) cool to that
very low
temperature?
The data indicate the sea
surface temperatures of the tropical oceans
warmed at a not -
very - alarming rate of 0.11 deg C / decade, while the models indicate that, if the
surfaces of the tropical oceans were
warmed by manmade greenhouse gases, they should have
warmed at almost 2 times that rate, at 0.22 deg C / decade.
In the figure below, the carbon - caused
warming is shown in blue, and in combination with natural cycles (which Broecker turns out not to have represented
very accurately) in green, as compared to the observed global
surface temperatures from NOAA in red.
I'm
very convinced that the physical process of global
warming is continuing, which appears as a statistically significant increase of the global
surface and tropospheric
temperature anomaly over a time scale of about 20 years and longer and also as trends in other climate variables (e.g., global ocean heat content increase, Arctic and Antarctic ice decrease, mountain glacier decrease on average and others), and I don't see any scientific evidence according to which this trend has been broken, recently.
Then try 1365/4 for the flux and emissivity of 0.88 (which is closer to that of rock and soil) and you get 287.6 K which is
very close to the assumed mean
surface temperature and thus obviates any need for that «33 degree of
warming» In fact the 0.88 should be even lower and that gives higher
temperatures above 290K.
Muller started out
very skeptical about the accuracy of the
surface temperature record and the causes of global
warming.
Today, he said, summer
temperatures approach or just exceed freezing point around Antarctica: «It would not take much
warming to see a pretty dramatic increase [in
surface melting] and it would happen
very quickly.»
Be aware that the «global
temperature» measure is a
surface or near -
surface measure in the atmosphere, and even if it was possible to measure it
very accurately, it is really only a proxy for global
warming of little use over periods up to a decade or so.
Warm water on Mars, boils - it's lacks atmospheric pressure lowers the boiling point to somewhere around 5 to 10 C. And 5 C water would not boil on Mars, but it would evaporate quicker on Mars then it does on Earth - because no where on Earth is drier than Mars [due to changing
temperatures, frost does form on the Mars
surface at equator and at nite - this requires the thin Mars air to become saturated - but generally
very dry.
The last time in Earth history when the global average
surface temperature was as
warm as the IPCC projects for 2100 in its mid-range scenarios, there was
very little polar ice and sea level would have been roughly 70 meters (over 200 feet) higher than at present.
One shows a statistically significant
warming (at more than 90 % probability)
very similar in magnitude to the
surface temperature trends, the other one doesn't.
So the problem has been principally with MSU 2LT, which despite a strong
surface temperature trend did not seem to have been
warming very much - while models and basic physics predict that it should be
warming at a slightly larger rate than the
surface.
The Met Office's Professor Adam Scaife FRMetS stated: «The global mean
surface temperature this year looks likely to agree with the prediction we made at the end of last year that 2017 would be
very warm but was unlikely to exceed the record
temperature of 2015 and 2016.»
The
warming in the ACORN - SAT dataset is
very similar to that shown in international analyses of Australian
temperature data and
very closely matches satellite data and
warming of sea
surface temperatures around Australia.
It looks like the sub-sea permafrost is failing due to
warmer ocean
temperatures and allowing methane to escape; because the Siberian Sea is
very shallow the methane isn't oxidized as it travels to the
surface.
In some frequencies, thermal radiation is blocked
very efficiently, and the backradiation shows the
temperature of the
warm air right near the
surface.
Once radiative equilibrium is reestablished, this is a
very helpful picture because we have just shifted the altitude higher from which the earth radiates but have kept the same
temperature which means the
surface must be
warmer because it is connected by the lapse rate.
Today, one need only quote Monckton and then cite the recent MSU and
surface data demonstrating that the climate has resumed a significant
warming phase, and indicating the possibility that this year will either be the
warmest since
temperature recordings began, or
very close to it.
Hence the reason to switch to a stronger more compelling proof of Global
Warming would suck away the last breaths of doubts spun by mischievous contrarians knowing full well that
surface temperature trends are long term, but count on the ignorance of the lay, and jump up and down
very excited by any short term
surface temperature drop.
There is
very high confidence that models reproduce the general features of the global - scale annual mean
surface temperature increase over the historical period, including the more rapid
warming in the second half of the 20th century, and the cooling immediately following large volcanic eruptions...