I strongly believe that the surface temperature of the passive sphere will be less than the surface temperature of the active sphere; and energy will flow
via radiation from the active to the passive sphere.
The earth then, receives energy
via radiation from a heat source but dissipates it via radiation, conduction and convection (gas and hydrological process for the latter two mediums).
Not exact matches
The heat radiates out
from the element
via thermal
radiation and heats the walls of the oven and the surrounding air.
As a general clarification, ounce for ounce, coal ash released
from a power plant delivers more
radiation than nuclear waste shielded
via water or dry cask storage.
From about 0.7 solar radii to the Sun's visible surface, the material in the Sun is not dense enough or hot enough to transfer the heat energy of the interior outward
via radiation.
Each June since his Stage IV head and neck cancer diagnosis in 2001, Jeff Warren sets off on a journey
via his Litespeed Siena
from his hometown of Reno, Nevada, to the steps of Huntsman Cancer Institute, where he endured the rigors of what he calls «slash, burn, and poison» (clinically known as surgery,
radiation, and chemotherapy).
However it appears to me that lower layers of the atmosphere must also be losing energy
via long wavelength
radiation since they are gaining energy
via convection
from below.
CO2 reduces the rate at which the atmosphere loses its energy to space
via infrared
radiation, which in turn reduces the flow of energy
from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere.
But then there's feedbacks within the stratosphere (water vapor), which would increase the stratospheric heating by upward
radiation from below, as well as add some feedback to the downward flux at TRPP that the upward flux at TRPP would have to respond to
via warming below TRPP.
The major outflow of heat
from the air is
via radiation and convection (dry air being a very good insulator) The ocean loses energy to the air, which in turn, loses it, ultimately, into space.
At face value it requires that no energy can be transfered
via collisions, i.e. no thermal conductivity, no viscosity, no diffusion... Even for CO2, there is no mechanism for the transfer of energy
from rotational / vibrational degrees of freedom to translational motion which has no coupling with a
radiation field.
But if you have a thermal gradient, it does slow the transfer of heat
via infrared
radiation from one side of the gradient to the other.
Is this, 64w / m ^ 2, perhaps a measure of that portion of the blackbody
radiation energy emitted
from the earth («earthshine») that is blocked by the saturated H2O absorption spectrum as opposed to the relative ability of any given parcel of air to capture or export heat
via the H2O photon
radiation path?
Heat radiates
from the Earth's surface
via thermal or (roughly) «blackbody»
radiation.
The best papers I've read (so far) that seek to explain how things like the DALR and wet air lapse rates effect the actual transport of heat
from the solar - heated surface and atmosphere to where it is ultimately lost
via radiation are really quite good.
Although
radiation to space occurs over the whole planet there is a general movement of heat
from equator to poles
via the oceans and atmosphere.
But don't take to much notice of me as I also believe that Advection i.e. the kind of horizontal air movements that follow isobaric surfaces and therefore are predominantly horizontal) have got more of a Green House Effect (GHE) than does a
radiation circuit, of say 324 W / m ² originally removed
from the surface, and then returned
via Green House Gases (GHGs)-- which, by the way, show no sign of having warmed at all (no hot spot) But even so, when somehow the same 324 W / m ² are delivered back to the surface for absorption it is supposed to be getting warmer.
If heat in a mixture comes
from a source in wavelengths not absorbable by CO2, CO2 will not contribute additional warmth, but will cool
via emission of infrared
radiation.
Heat always moves
from warmer to colder, so it must move, through whatever means,
from the tropics to the arctic or,
via radiation, to outer space.
... you say that most of the energy leaving the system
via IR emission (
from CO2 in your example) is sourced
from insolation, which would mean that only a small portion of the escaping CO2
radiation energy originates
from earth's IR.
Energy is received by the Earth's surface directly
from the sun and also
via long - wave
radiation from the atmosphere.
BPL (84) you say that most of the energy leaving the system
via IR emission (
from CO2 in your example) is sourced
from insolation, which would mean that only a small portion of the escaping CO2
radiation energy originates
from earth's IR.
And the value of the constant was obtained
via the boundary condition: upward flux
from the climate system must balance solar
radiation.
But because of the blanket he or she is severely impaired
from losing heat
via radiation.
It is possible to measure the infrared radiance in CO2 - band wavelengths
via satellite
from space, and at ground level for downwelling infrared
radiation.