C.R.: I think it's
important because it gives us a new
view on protein complexes — for example, we can look at how proteins are interacting in membranes and also in soluble compartments of cells... actually joined together... in the gas
phase of the mass spectrometer.
Adhering to these traditional concepts the US Department of Agriculture has concluded that diets, which reduce calories, will result in effective weight loss independent of the macronutrient composition, which is considered less
important, even irrelevant.14 In contrast with these
views, the majority of ad - libitum studies demonstrate that subjects who follow a low - carbohydrate diet lose more weight during the first 3 — 6 months compared with those who follow balanced diets.15, 16, 17 One hypothesis is that the use of energy from proteins in VLCKD is an «expensive» process for the body and so can lead to a «waste of calories», and therefore increased weight loss compared with other «less - expensive» diets.13, 18, 19 The average human body requires 60 — 65 g of glucose per day, and during the first
phase of a diet very low in carbohydrates this is partially (16 %) obtained from glycerol, with the major part derived via gluconeogenesis from proteins of either dietary or tissue origin.12 The energy cost of gluconeogenesis has been confirmed in several studies7 and it has been calculated at ∼ 400 — 600 Kcal / day (due to both endogenous and food source proteins.18 Despite this, there is no direct experimental evidence to support this intriguing hypothesis; on the contrary, a recent study reported that there were no changes in resting energy expenditure after a VLCKD.20 A simpler, perhaps more likely, explanation for improved weight loss is a possible appetite - suppressant action of ketosis.
Important paintings on
view from this period include Blue Cradle (1956) and Thursday (1960), which feature strong colors and gestures, as well as Crossfield I (1968), which hints at the final
phase of Tworkov's career in its grid - like structure and layered lines.
The subtle manipulation of natural materials is most prominent in three
important bodies of work on
view in the gallery:
Phase of Nothingness — Cut Stone,
Phase of Nothingness — Cloth and Stone, and
Phase of Nothingness — Stone and Neon.