A «comprehensive approach [to character education] is based on a somewhat
dim view of human nature,» acknowledges William Kilpatrick (1992, p. 96).
He accepts that Rahner was well - motivated by pastoral concerns but ultimately condemns the theory of «anonymous Christianity», and the extremely optimistic
view of human nature on which it is founded, as fundamentally unscriptural.
Although their language would sound quaint today, a
dualistic view of human nature torn by the lure of the flesh against the spirit has simply gone underground.
Rabbi Kaplan would write in 1970: «Emancipation from the authority of that text makes possible the substitution of a more constructive
view of human nature as capable of improvement.»
The anthropologist Richard Wrangham is one of several scientists at Harvard who present a much
darker view of human nature than Fry does.
According to the
biblical view of human nature, guilt and shame are related to the larger issue of alienation of the human spirit from God, self, and others.
Locke promotes an
optimistic view of human nature where the state of nature is conductive to natural rights, teaching mankind not to harm others and not to live in relationships of subordination.
He pointed out how, because of the dominant
reductionist view of human nature, scientists are increasingly tempted to treat the human individual as «an object to be investigated, measured and experimented upon» rather than as an «irreducible subject».
Furthermore, how do the loss of a transcendent horizon, a
materialist view of human nature, and an exaggerated belief in progress facilitate the loss of political freedom?
Bonhoeffer argued that the attempts to preserve the church often reflected a too - high veneration of the state, a de facto support of traditional social values, and an unduly
weak view of human nature.
We have learned from the Enlightenment and its Marxist negative image some bad lessons: a self -
righteous view of human nature, individual or collective, a good - evil dichotomy in our judgment on others and in our social action, a shallow sense of human community, and an exaggerated confidence in the power of human beings to manage and control their own destinies.
The Feast of Fools was an attempt to explore the possibilities of a
fertile view of human nature advanced by such thinkers as Huizinga, Piper and Hugo Rahner.
Evolutionary psychologists, who are not known for their
sunny view of human nature, suggest that we sometimes gain power by being nice.
«It's very easy to slip into a very
simplistic view of human nature,» says Robert Kurzban, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, citing the classic Flintstones stereotype.
Very well - made and solidly acted, this nonetheless has such a grim and
despairing view of human nature that it will make viewers feeling more miserable than entertained.
«These findings are almost too sweet for those of us who rail against the
constrained view of human nature contained in the mainstream law - and - economics literature.