Sentences with phrase «virus during their infections»

In three new studies in the current issue of the International Journal of Infectious Disease, researchers reported on clinical outcomes in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), how long patients will shed virus during their infections, and how the Sultanate of Oman is dealing with cases that have appeared there.

Not exact matches

The agency said there have been recent variations in the number of cases reported in the region and, while the level of risk is unknown, Zika virus infection during pregnancy causes severe birth defects, including microcephaly and other severe brain abnormalities.

Mothers with suspected, probable or confirmed Zika virus infection, during pregnancy or postnatally, should receive skilled support from health care workers to initiate and sustain breastfeeding, like all other mothers.

Baby's immune system is still developing during first year of his or her life and that is why babies are most vulnerable to viruses, bacteria, and infections during this period.

In an accompanying editorial, Sonja A. Rasmussen, MD, MS, and co-authors suggest that as our knowledge of the effects of Zika virus infection evolves, we can learn from the experience with rubella infection during pregnancy.

The researchers used mice that were susceptible to DENV infection via the skin and inoculated amounts of virus and saliva thought to resemble actual amounts transferred during a mosquito bite.

Among mice that had antibodies, i.e., during antibody - enhanced infection, the researchers found that the addition of saliva extract caused more severe disease than virus alone.

In such patients, a phenomenon called «antibody - dependent enhancement» (ADE) takes place, during which antibodies that were generated during the first infection bind but do not destroy the slightly different newly infecting virus, but instead facilitate its infection of immune cells.

Following recent outbreaks of Zika virus and the potential health dangers of infection, especially during pregnancy, scientists are striving to rapidly develop effective antiviral drugs that can halt transmission.

Other findings show that Zika virus is present in the blood very early during infection and remains in some tissues for a long time but is only briefly present in other tissues.

Genomic RNA editing and its impact on Ebola virus adaptation during serial passages in cell culture and infection of guinea pigs

By studying infected cells grown in a laboratory, the team found that a large number of CMV's genes help it hide from the immune system by allowing it to destroy many of the proteins produced by the body during virus infection and preventing them from activating immune cells to destroy the virus.

The idea is that the abundance of stem - focused antibodies — amplified from the two shots of vaccine — will come to the rescue during a natural infection from a virus that possesses a third, totally different head.

«The viruses collect in the spaces between brain cells during the early stages of infection,» Harris said.

«The majority of cases of microcephaly and other central nervous system defects are still undergoing investigation to determine whether they are linked to Zika virus infection during pregnancy,» a CDC spokesperson told ScienceInsider.

Latent viruses in the patient's body may reemerge during this time and when standard viral treatments fail, the infections can become life - threatening.

Furthermore, new antiviral drugs are required for rapid treatment of acute infections by viruses like Marburg and Ebola viruses during acute viral outbreaks.

People infected with HIV have few signs of microbial translocation during the first six months of infection as it takes time for the virus to kill off epithelial cells and weaken the gut wall so that bacteria can leak through — so treating them early could be more effective.

During the first few weeks and months after infection, a person's blood teems with the virus.

Findings from a study in animals appear to demonstrate that temporarily blocking a type of protein, called type I interferon, can restore immune function and speed up viral suppression during treatment with anti-viral drugs for people with chronic infection of the virus that causes AIDS.

During the initial stages of HIV infection, often within hours, the virus infects a type of white blood cell called CD4 T cells.

But from January to September 2016, 26 babies out of 442 born to mothers with suspected Zika virus infection during pregnancy showed these defects, according to data from the U.S. Zika Pregnancy Registry.

«But what we've now shown is that RSV has an increased ability to cause airway obstruction because, during an RSV infection, the virus expresses a specific RSV - encoded non-structural protein, or NS2, in epithelial cells, causing the cells to shed from the airway lining and into the airway lumen.

Thwarting this shedding effect wouldn't stop infection or stifle the typical symptoms of RSV infection, but it might limit the virus's ability to spread into the tiniest airways, which are the most likely to be obstructed by cells shed during infection.

The finding is the «final piece of evidence that during an infection, a virus can bring about autoimmune disease [by molecular mimicry],» says viral immunologist Michael Oldstone of The Scripps Research Institute in La Jolla, California, who first proposed the hypothesis in 1982.

By defining the threshold of the amount of virus needed for transmission, the research also provides a target that experimental dengue vaccines and drugs must prevent the virus from reaching in order to be successful at preventing the spread of disease during natural infection.

Zika virus infection during pregnancy has been linked to congenital brain abnormalities, including microcephaly, and Zika virus is a trigger of Guillain - Barré syndrome.

Although this process probably helps the animal contain the virus during early infection, club cells also produced pro-inflammatory molecules that cause lung pathology.

In the study, researchers used the blood of seven people who survived Ebola Bundibugyo virus infection during the 2007 outbreak in Uganda to isolate a large number of B cells that produce antibodies, which are the small protein molecules capable of inactivating the virus.

The study focused on the prevalence and infection distribution of the virus between Norwegian cattle herds and found that during the course of one year, nearly half of the cattle herds were newly infected, while almost as many herds became free of infection.

Antibodies, proteins that tag and attack viruses and bacteria, «remember» past invaders, allowing white blood cells to quickly respond during subsequent infections.

«Our aim was to identify what changes in a mosquito during infection, so that we can target those pathways and block them to prevent transmission of these mosquito - borne viruses,» said Rushika Perera, assistant professor in the Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology at CSU.

«We found that the reservoir was established in tissues during the first few days of infection, before the virus was even detected in the blood.»

Zika virus infection during pregnancy can result in microcephaly and other serious birth defects in the fetus, making the development of a safe and effective vaccine a global health priority.

While the Zika virus typically causes a relatively mild illness, infection during pregnancy can cause microcephaly and other devastating congenital malformations.

The virus is transmitted during sex; after infection, it retreats into nerve cells that have their endings in the genital skin.

In humans, Zika virus infection during pregnancy has been linked to a suite of birth defects including a condition known as microcephaly, which leaves babies with shrunken heads and brains (SN: 4/2/16, p. 26).

C ongenital infection usually occurs when women who lack antibodies for CMV contract the virus for the first time during pregnancy (primary CMV infection).

In humans, Zika virus infection during pregnancy has been linked to a suite of birth defects including a condition known as...

Undiagnosed Ebola virus infection was probably very rare in international workers who were deployed during the 2013 - 2015 outbreak of the virus in West Africa, despite mild and asymptomatic cases of Ebola being known to occur, according to new research published in the journal PLOS Medicine.

They found that susceptibility to Zika virus infection was markedly reduced in mice that had previously cleared a prior infection compared to those undergoing a first infection during pregnancy.

The HERV - W viruses that pour into the newborn's blood and brain fluid during these infections contain proteins that may enrage the infant immune system.

They are also further investigating the rate of viral evolution during persistent infections by sequencing Ebola virus genomes from the semen of disease survivors.

«Infection with influenza virus might leave the brain vulnerable to damage from future infections with new influenza strains,» says Smeyne, adding that this is more likely to happen in young children or during an flu pandemic.

Specifically, it indicates that the virus likely replicates at a lower rate during persistent infections, as compared to the acute phase of the disease.

The studies, conducted separately on the East and West coasts of the United States, attempt to make the immune system resistant to HIV by crippling a receptor, known as CCR5, on T cells that the virus uses during the infection process.

The researchers sought to explore the link between maternal infection and risk for autism, focusing on five pathogens known collectively as ToRCH agents — Toxoplasma gondii, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2 — to which exposure during pregnancy can lead to miscarriage and birth defects.

In many areas of the world, dengue has now become endemic, meaning that the virus exists at low levels year - round, and infections occur annually during the rainy season when mosquito populations increase rapidly.

Deletion of TLR3 alters the pulmonary immune environment and mucus production during respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Published in the January 22 issue of Molecular Cell, the investigators created full protein interaction maps — interactomes — of where the viruses come into contact with the host proteins during the course of infection.