Preliminary results from his latest mouse studies show that an herb used in traditional Chinese medicine supplies a microRNA that combats the flu
virus in the lungs.
When given to infected mice, LCA60 dramatically reduced the amount of the MERS
virus in the lungs within days.
«The virus found in Betty was one that looked like it came from a human, and the level of
virus in the lung was comparable to what we see in children.»
The immunopathology in all experiments in the present study occurred in the absence of detectable
virus in lungs of mice two days after challenge with infectious virus.
Titers of
virus in lung homogenates were expressed as TCID50 / g of lung (log10); the minimal detectable level of virus was 1.6 to 2.6 log10 TCID50 as determined by lung size.
Not exact matches
Furthermore, fewer sunlight ultraviolet rays which may kill the pathogen and cold temperatures may let influenza linger both
in the air and on common household surfaces; drier air may also make it easier for the
virus to infect the
lungs.
When T cells specifically recognize influenza
virus proteins, they then begin to proliferate
in the lymph nodes around the
lungs and throat.
While the influenza
virus is wholly contained
in the
lungs under normal circumstances, several symptoms of influenza are systemic, including fever, headache, fatigue and muscle aches.
«We found that
in young healthy mice the immune system overreacted to the influenza
virus, which led to more inflammation, greater
lung damage and increased mortality compared to healthy adults exposed to the
virus,» says lead author Bria Coates, MD, Critical Care physician at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago and Assistant Professor of Pediatrics at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.
M2e is only slightly present on the
virus, but
in the
lung epithelium cells where the
virus ends up and starts multiplying,
in the invaded cells, M2e becomes abundant.
Most deaths are caused by bacterial
lung infections that move
in after the
virus.
They found that IL - 27 levels
in infected
lungs follow, with some delay, the level of
virus: they peak as viral levels are starting to decline and come down when immunopathology has resolved.
A tangle of
virus and antibodies
in their
lungs activated an immune system component called complement, which failed to clear the mess and instead attacked
lung tissue.
Here is what it would take for it to become a real airborne risk: First off, a substantial amount of Ebola
virus would need to start replicating
in cells that reside
in the throat, the bronchial tubes and possibly
in the
lungs.
Even if this did happen
in the body, the resulting
virus would resemble HIV, as the hybrid contains no Ebola genes — and HIV can not infect
lung cells.
The company also tested the
virus in a 23 - person, early - stage trial against colorectal,
lung, ovarian and skin cancers.
Originally, researchers thought Th2 response had evolved to promote tissue repair; however,
in the context of
lung virus infections, Th2 cells appear to contribute to the overactive immune responses that endanger patients.
Finally, a Calgary, Alberta — based company, Oncolytics Biotech, is testing a reovirus (an RNA
virus often found
in human
lungs but thought to be nonpathogenic) against several types of cancer, including that of the
lung and skin as well as head and neck malignancies.
Soares: Well the H and the N refer to two proteins on the
virus surface that help it infect cells and also spread from cell to cell once they are
in the
lungs,
in case of birds
in the gut, as well.
The
virus was able to shuttle the correct gene into
lung tissue
in the laboratory and restore its function.
This is not impossible:
in the cases confirmed so far, the
virus mainly affects tissues deep inside the
lungs, and may not have been present
in a sample from further up the respiratory tract.
The treated animals also had lower amounts of
virus and less severe tissue damage
in the
lungs.
However, compared to other avian influenza
viruses, the attachment to epithelial cells by H7N9
in the bronchioles and alveoli of the
lung was more abundant and the
viruses attached to a broader range of cell types.
«We compared the ability of RSV and parainfluenza
virus (PIV3)-- another common
virus in children that causes much less severe airway disease — to infect and cause inflammatory responses
in a cell culture model of human epithelial cells, which compose the lining of the
lung airway.
In earlier work, the researchers developed a virus - killing nanoparticle coated in the sugar that the influenza virus uses to invade lung tissu
In earlier work, the researchers developed a
virus - killing nanoparticle coated
in the sugar that the influenza virus uses to invade lung tissu
in the sugar that the influenza
virus uses to invade
lung tissue.
In this lung organoid grown in Hans Clevers's lab, cells colored green are infected with respiratory syncytial viru
In this
lung organoid grown
in Hans Clevers's lab, cells colored green are infected with respiratory syncytial viru
in Hans Clevers's lab, cells colored green are infected with respiratory syncytial
virus.
In addition, low levels of PD1 in the lungs of influenza - virus - infected mice were associated with severe infection and highly pathogenic viruses, such as H5N
In addition, low levels of PD1
in the lungs of influenza - virus - infected mice were associated with severe infection and highly pathogenic viruses, such as H5N
in the
lungs of influenza -
virus - infected mice were associated with severe infection and highly pathogenic
viruses, such as H5N1.
Kang found Korean red ginseng extract improved the survival of human
lung epithelial cells against RSV infection and inhibited the
virus from replicating, or multiplying,
in the body.
The female sex hormone estrogen has anti-viral effects against the influenza A
virus, commonly known as the flu, a new study
in American Journal of Physiology —
Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology reports.
In a letter published in the cancer journal Annals of Oncology, researchers led by Professor Jean - Philippe Spano, head of the medical oncology department at Pitie - Salpetriere Hospital AP - HP in Paris, France, report that while treating an HIV - infected lung cancer patient with the cancer drug nivolumab, they observed a «drastic and persistent decrease» in the reservoirs of cells in the body where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is able to hide away from attack by anti-retroviral therap
In a letter published
in the cancer journal Annals of Oncology, researchers led by Professor Jean - Philippe Spano, head of the medical oncology department at Pitie - Salpetriere Hospital AP - HP in Paris, France, report that while treating an HIV - infected lung cancer patient with the cancer drug nivolumab, they observed a «drastic and persistent decrease» in the reservoirs of cells in the body where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is able to hide away from attack by anti-retroviral therap
in the cancer journal Annals of Oncology, researchers led by Professor Jean - Philippe Spano, head of the medical oncology department at Pitie - Salpetriere Hospital AP - HP
in Paris, France, report that while treating an HIV - infected lung cancer patient with the cancer drug nivolumab, they observed a «drastic and persistent decrease» in the reservoirs of cells in the body where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is able to hide away from attack by anti-retroviral therap
in Paris, France, report that while treating an HIV - infected
lung cancer patient with the cancer drug nivolumab, they observed a «drastic and persistent decrease»
in the reservoirs of cells in the body where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is able to hide away from attack by anti-retroviral therap
in the reservoirs of cells
in the body where the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is able to hide away from attack by anti-retroviral therap
in the body where the human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) is able to hide away from attack by anti-retroviral therapy.
Influenza is thought to spread among humans three ways — touch; coughing and sneezing, which launches droplets containing
virus from the
lungs onto surfaces; and aerosols, smaller droplets suspended
in the air that could be inhaled (SN: 6/29/13, p. 9).
These relatively fat particles can cause infections
in the upper respiratory pathway but do not reach the
lungs, where influenza
virus can cause life - threatening pneumonia.
By comparing gene expression
in the
lungs of ducks infected with either highly or weakly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1
viruses, the team identified genes whose expression patterns were altered
in response to avian influenza
viruses.
In the 1990s, researchers tried using a
virus or fat particles to insert the correct CFTR gene into patients»
lung cells.
By 1993,
in trials with baboons, Wilson proved the
virus could import the healthy CFTR gene into
lung cells.
According to Earl Brown, professor of medicine at the University of Ottawa, the more limited ability of the avian flu
virus to infect cells
in the human airway thus also appears to be associated with infection of the deep areas of the
lung where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
An experimental drug has shown promise
in treating influenza, preventing
lung injury and death from the
virus in preclinical studies, according to University of Maryland School of Medicine researchers publishing
in the journal Nature on May 1.
An autopsy of one victim of H5N1 showed that most of the
virus had grown deep
in the
lung tissue.
Haemagglutinin, the main surface protein on flu
viruses, binds to sugars on cells
in the nose and
lungs; the
virus then enters the cells and replicates.
Instead of punching holes
in the
viruses, the immune complexes punched holes
in the victims» veins and flooded their
lungs with water and plasma.
DEFENSE Vaccine candidates developed from DNA and proteins of the MERS
virus (above, yellow) produced protective immune proteins and reduced
lung damage
in monkeys six days after infection.
When vaccinated animals were exposed to SARS, the
virus didn't replicate
in their
lungs.
Its poor airborne transmission may be because DPP4 exists on cells
in the
lungs, where the
virus can't be readily coughed or sneezed out.
Scientists have found potential evidence of Ebola
virus replication
in the
lungs of a person recovering from infection, according to new research published
in PLOS Pathogens.
The
virus, however, grew efficiently
in a human A549
lung adenocarcinoma cell line.
Further research will be needed to better understand the potential role of
lung infection
in Ebola and whether it may be a factor
in transmission of the
virus from one human to another.
To confirm the presence of
virus in diseased tissues, we examined
lung tissue from affected monkeys by transmission electron microscopy, revealing abundant icosahedral particles characteristic of adenovirus filling the alveoli (Fig. 1D - 4).
To better understand how the
lungs might be involved
in Ebola, Dr. Ippolito of the National Institute for Infectious Diseases «Lazzaro Spallanzani,» Rome, and colleagues tracked the presence of Ebola
virus genetic material
in the
lungs and the blood of a single patient during treatment and recovery.
The results suggest that Ebola
virus may have been replicating
in the
lungs.
Research Focus: My research focuses on the Involvement of herpes
virus entry mediator (HVEM)
in bacterial infection of the
lung.