Sentences with phrase «vocal tract manipulations»

At present, it is unclear to what extent formant - shifting in elephant alarm calls is the result of voluntary vocal tract manipulations, the simple by - product of affective states, or some other mechanism (see [61]-RRB-.

In humans, vowel differentiation is largely affected by vocal tract manipulations, such as tongue placement, and independent shifting of formants is common [45], [58], [59].