Sentences with phrase «volatility reduction in»

The theorem was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science (PNAS) today (Monday 6 November 2017) with the title «Scale - dependent portfolio effects explain growth inflation and volatility reduction in landscape demography».

Not exact matches

Or is it the case that spikes in volatility cause reductions in trading volume?

UBS also achieved its net cost reduction target of 2.1 billion Swiss francs but highlighted that low market volatility could affect client activity in its wealth management business.

One study by economist Elaine McCrate found that any reduction in wages associated with the benefit of flexibility is modest at best and, in fact, many jobs with greater flexibility have higher wages.137 Furthermore, the volatility of earnings for many independent contractors would offset any compensating wage differentials, because workers can not compare the value of flexibility to higher earnings when they aren't able to predict their earnings as independent contractors.138

Indeed, the recent spurt of integration has occurred during a sustained period of relatively strong global growth, relatively stable and low inflation, and, although less widespread, a reduction in the volatility of growth.

Second, financial logic embodied in the celebrated Modigliani Miller theorem and suggested by common sense holds that substantial reductions in leverage, if achieved, should be associated with reduced volatility, reduced sensitivity to shocks and lower risk premiums.

For eastern refiners, it's not clear that access to 1.1 million barrels of oil by pipeline will have a large impact on volatility, although a wider market will always lead to some reduction in volatility.

We live with considerable uncertainty about the sustainability of the pattern of relatively low risk premia and reduction in the cost of insurance against future macroeconomic and financial volatility.

Now, because stocks have become more correlated with each other and somewhat more volatile, today's graphs show that 10 - 15 securities are needed to get the same reduction in portfolio volatility.

Examples of these risks, uncertainties and other factors include, but are not limited to the impact of: adverse general economic and related factors, such as fluctuating or increasing levels of unemployment, underemployment and the volatility of fuel prices, declines in the securities and real estate markets, and perceptions of these conditions that decrease the level of disposable income of consumers or consumer confidence; adverse events impacting the security of travel, such as terrorist acts, armed conflict and threats thereof, acts of piracy, and other international events; the risks and increased costs associated with operating internationally; our expansion into and investments in new markets; breaches in data security or other disturbances to our information technology and other networks; the spread of epidemics and viral outbreaks; adverse incidents involving cruise ships; changes in fuel prices and / or other cruise operating costs; any impairment of our tradenames or goodwill; our hedging strategies; our inability to obtain adequate insurance coverage; our substantial indebtedness, including the ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, and to generate the necessary amount of cash to service our existing debt; restrictions in the agreements governing our indebtedness that limit our flexibility in operating our business; the significant portion of our assets pledged as collateral under our existing debt agreements and the ability of our creditors to accelerate the repayment of our indebtedness; volatility and disruptions in the global credit and financial markets, which may adversely affect our ability to borrow and could increase our counterparty credit risks, including those under our credit facilities, derivatives, contingent obligations, insurance contracts and new ship progress payment guarantees; fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; overcapacity in key markets or globally; our inability to recruit or retain qualified personnel or the loss of key personnel; future changes relating to how external distribution channels sell and market our cruises; our reliance on third parties to provide hotel management services to certain ships and certain other services; delays in our shipbuilding program and ship repairs, maintenance and refurbishments; future increases in the price of, or major changes or reduction in, commercial airline services; seasonal variations in passenger fare rates and occupancy levels at different times of the year; our ability to keep pace with developments in technology; amendments to our collective bargaining agreements for crew members and other employee relation issues; the continued availability of attractive port destinations; pending or threatened litigation, investigations and enforcement actions; changes involving the tax and environmental regulatory regimes in which we operate; and other factors set forth under «Risk Factors» in our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10 - K and subsequent filings by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Economic partnerships usually operate quid pro quo: If a Brexit were to go ahead, the UK would inevitably witness reductions in these subsidies to farmers — at least in the medium term — and expose the farming industry to the risk of market volatility.

However, by the time a portfolio has twenty or so holdings, the incremental reductions in portfolio volatility from new holdings is very small.

The legendary Ben Graham, in his 1949 book The Intelligent Investor, argued that a portfolio of just 10 to 30 stocks provides adequate diversification, and that adding more stocks produces only a marginal reduction in volatility (while increasing both transaction costs and the time needed to monitor the portfolio).

Under the assumption that hedged and unhedged returns converge in the very long run, which has tended to hold true, we believe volatility reduction should be the focus for the long - term investor.

Anything above an allocation of 30 % shows that you don't get significant volatility reduction and can in fact increase your volatility during some time periods such as from 1992 — 1999.

The authors find that the buy — write strategies» risk - adjusted performance was earned from a combination of a skewness premium, paid to the option writers for assuming the tail risk of potentially unlimited loss, and the reduction in volatility from the hedge of the buy - and - hold security's beta exposure.

However, the incremental amount of risk reduction decreases exponentially with the number of holdings, so that the reduction in portfolio volatility by addition of another holding quickly approaches zero for all practical purposes.

Bottomline: A small allocation to bonds may hurt returns somewhat but the benefits in the form of reduction in volatility of the overall portfolio makes it worthwhile for most investors.

This reduction in AUM has also contributed to the volatility of the equity market and the exchange rate in India.

The global developed MV portfolios reflect a reduction of more than 30 % in volatility vis - à - vis the corresponding cap - weighted index.

Historically, such a change would often result in a reduction of overall volatility without a reduction in return.

Similarly, adding a 10 % listed property allocation to the equity portion of a 60 % S&P / NZX 50 and 40 % S&P / NZX Composite Investment Grade Bond Index portfolio resulted in a further reduction in volatility and higher risk - adjusted return over the trailing five - year period.

Keep in mind, however, that risk reduction isn't just about short - term volatility.

Historically, that would have provided enhanced return with a reduction in volatility versus the S&P 500.

But the real impact is in the risk reduction we see in the form of much lower volatility as measured by standard deviation at 9.48 percent.

We've established that the value in diversification is not in reducing volatility (which doesn't really matter) but in reducing the risk of a permanent reduction in your portfolio.

«Accordingly, as we concluded in D.P.U. 10 - 54, at 229 - 230, the Cape Wind facility will produce far greater benefits in terms of its: (1) contribution to narrowing the projected gap between supply and demand of renewable resources; (2) contribution to compliance with GWSA emission reductions requirements; (3) contribution to fuel diversity; (4) price suppression effects; (5) ability to act as a hedge against future fuel price increases and volatility; (6) contribution to system reliability; and (7) ability to moderate system peak load.

While some might embrace such a period of lower volatility, this reduction in price movement also results in fewer opportunities for traders to profit from the cryptocurrency's price swings.

Both liquidity and volume is expected to be increased once CME futures are introduced paving the way for overall reduction in price volatility.

It signifies both mainstream network adoption and a reduction in price volatility.

We would not overstate this, as a material reduction in volatility would require there to be a large community of speculators prepared to provide liquidity to the natural owners of the various coins, but given the volatility of the coin markets, maybe there already exists a cadre of participants who would look to short coins on strong days and vice versa, which could overall reduce volatility.

Therefore it was expected the halt of the bitcoin selling in the market, and the reduction of volatility could lead to price surging.

«The biggest risk to this forecast is the expected reduction in the Federal Reserve's asset purchases, which would likely put additional upward pressure on interest rates and lead to some volatility in capital markets.