As a cost - effective solution to achieve precise results, the ACR methodology uses the Denitrification - Decomposition (DNDC) model to quantify direct N2O emissions as well as indirect emissions from leaching and
ammonia volatilization.
The rewards are also comparatively small when associated with spending in the stock business, for instance, only the interests are independent
of volatilization and fluctuation.
The Viking landers used a technique called
thermal volatilization — gas chromatography — mass spectrometry (TV - GC - MS) to analyze the soil.
The first concept involves a smelting process and the second includes
element volatilization and sequential condensation.
Further emissions result indirectly from nitrogen lost in the form of ammonia and nitrate
through volatilization and leaching.