Sentences with phrase «volcanic activity which»

The galactic cosmic ray issue is not just about if it may cause an increase in clouds but how it may contribute to an increase in major volcanic activity which would have major climatic due to those items effecting albedo.

Not exact matches

Scientists have developed a method to estimate weakness in Earth's outer layers which will help explain and predict volcanic activity and earthquakes.

These results, which you can read all about in the journal Nature Geoscience, reveal the influence of surface processes — largely controlled by climate — on volcanic activity.

That's largely because of advances in seismic sensing and new ways to detect volcanic activity, such as infrasound, which involves listening to seismic waves emanating into the atmosphere.

In that sense, the researchers say, the moon is unique: Its craters are constantly erased by the solar system's most relentless volcanic activity — 25 times more frequent than that seen on Earth — which adds an estimated 1 centimeter of fresh material to Io's surface each year.

He is head of the Centre for Geobiology, which examines volcanic hydrothermal activity and the formation of the mineral resources.

The shape and size of the beak are crucial for finch survival on the islands, which periodically experience extreme droughts, El Niño - driven rains and volcanic activity.

The research team showed that prior to the industrial period (pre AD 1800), changes in the North Atlantic Ocean, brought about by variations in the Sun's activity and volcanic eruptions, were driving our climate and led to changes in the atmosphere, which subsequently impacted our weather.

The new images also revealed more evidence of volcanic activity, which was hinted at by Mariner 10, the only other mission to the planet.

Volcanoes which are persistently active and emit a strong plume, while at the same time have low enough volcanic activity, are the perfect candidates to study.

This may have been triggered by a 250 - million - year lull in volcanic activity, which would have meant less carbon dioxide being pumped into the atmosphere, and a reduced greenhouse effect.

Second place went to Northeast Syrtis, which used to be warmed by volcanic activity.

The hydrothermal conditions of the experiments, which also mimic early Earth settings (a proximity to volcanic activity and impact craters), released a complex mixture of oxygen - rich compounds, the probable result of oxidative processes that occurred in the parent body.

Iceland makes an ideal test site because the ground beneath the island nation is 90 percent basalt, which is formed by volcanic activity.

In order to overcome the limitations of the dating method for the rocks covering the upper sedimentary layer, the research team led by Dr. Jin - Young Lee concurrently used radiocarbon dating and optically stimulated luminescence dating (OSL), using such cross-validation of which raised the accuracy of tracing the past volcanic activities.

Volcanic activity at Mt. Songak was limited hydro volcanic activity out of which a great deal of volcanic ash was released while it is evident that Sangchang - ri was a dynamic active volcano out of which lava was spewed and then flowed down in all directions along the inlanVolcanic activity at Mt. Songak was limited hydro volcanic activity out of which a great deal of volcanic ash was released while it is evident that Sangchang - ri was a dynamic active volcano out of which lava was spewed and then flowed down in all directions along the inlanvolcanic activity out of which a great deal of volcanic ash was released while it is evident that Sangchang - ri was a dynamic active volcano out of which lava was spewed and then flowed down in all directions along the inlanvolcanic ash was released while it is evident that Sangchang - ri was a dynamic active volcano out of which lava was spewed and then flowed down in all directions along the inland slope.

The tilt was caused by the gigantic Tharsis volcanic dome, which first started to form over 3.7 billion years ago at a latitude of around 20 ° N. Volcanic activity continued for several hundred million years, forming a plateau exceeding 5,000 km in diameter, with a thickness of about 12 km and a mass of a billion billion tons (1 / 70th the mass of thvolcanic dome, which first started to form over 3.7 billion years ago at a latitude of around 20 ° N. Volcanic activity continued for several hundred million years, forming a plateau exceeding 5,000 km in diameter, with a thickness of about 12 km and a mass of a billion billion tons (1 / 70th the mass of thVolcanic activity continued for several hundred million years, forming a plateau exceeding 5,000 km in diameter, with a thickness of about 12 km and a mass of a billion billion tons (1 / 70th the mass of the Moon).

One just included the effective influence on temperatures from manmade forces (including greenhouse gases and aerosols, which tend to have a cooling effect), while the second included both manmade and natural ones (including volcanic activity and solar radiation).

blaming the results reported in Nature on a» chain of heat - venting sub-sea islands», which given the continental trend, seems even more bizarre than invoking volcanic activity in the Arctic ocean

Investigating the cause of 20th Century warming is properly done in detection and attribution studies, which analyze the various forcings (e.g., solar variations, greenhouse gases or volcanic activity) and the observed time and space patterns of climate change in detail.

At a recent conference, scientists explained how a major atmospheric circulation known as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) was in a negative phase at the onset of the LIA, which amplified the cooling effect of a reduction in solar irradiance and volcanic activity.

The waters around the island of Ischia in Italy, for example, have been acidified for a long time because there is the Vesuvio volcano nearby; there are a lot of volcanic activities and CO2 sources, that is there is CO2 from the bottom to the surface, which is acidifying the water.

In contrast, super-Earths with a similar concentration but larger absolute amount of radioactive heat sources (i.e., uranium and thorium) than Earth would produce more internal heat, more vigorous mantle convection, and faster plate tectonic action involving thinner plates, which may promote planetary habitability with lower mountain ranges but higher volcanic activity and an atmosphere with a greater relative composition of volcanic and lighter gases (Sasselov and Valencia, Scientific American, August 2010; Valencia and O'Connell, 2009; and Valencia et al, 2007).

The monitoring of Io's volcanic activity will continue to build a timeline of volcanic activity and thermal emission variability, which will be further complemented by data obtained by other missions to the Jupiter system (such as the ESA mission JUICE, or a future dedicated Europa or Io mission).

Stay alert: The National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) has released a map, which shows areas around Mount Agung, Bali, that have been closed to the public as a result of volcanic activity.

Stay alert: The National Disaster Mitigation Agency (BNPB) has released a map, which shows areas in Mount Agung, Bali, that are now prohibited for any visit due to increases in its volcanic activities.

The inland is dominated by an enormous crater which was the location of the most recent major volcanic activity in the Azores, adding roughly 1 kilometre to the landmass in 1957.

Located in the north of Costa Rica, the impressive Arenal Volcano is a natural phenomenon that attracts thousands and thousands of tourists due to its permanent, extraordinary and trusted volcanic activity, which on clear days and night's one can see ash emitted, and potentially lava.

Fenais da Luz (27 holes) Ténis Sport Complexe in Fajã de Cima Go Kart Nautical Sports Windsurf, Canoe, Oar, Sailing, Jet Ski Radical Sports High mountain climbing; Rappel / slide; Wave Ski; Paintball Natural Pool Created by volcanic activity and, with clear waters which are constantly renovated.

Camping is an activity all family members will enjoy, as they get to explore the unique flora and fauna which has emerged on these isolated volcanic islands.

Some of the most romantic sights on the island are the hilltop monuments such as Molyvos Castle, and the Petrified Forest, which was petrified by volcanic activity millions of years ago.

Investigating the cause of 20th Century warming is properly done in detection and attribution studies, which analyze the various forcings (e.g., solar variations, greenhouse gases or volcanic activity) and the observed time and space patterns of climate change in detail.

Note that in the last piece, Tamino points out the coincidence of two very large volcanic eruptions early in the «dalton minimum,» which as many have noted, may account for the oddities of the weather more than the solar magnetic activity.

Investigating the cause of 20th Century warming is done in so - called detection and attribution studies, which analyze the various forcings (e.g., solar variations, greenhouse gases or volcanic activity) and the observed time and space patterns of climate change in detail.

One key metric in this debate is the spatial pattern of cooling which may provide a «fingerprint» of the underlying climate change, whether that was externally forced (from solar or volcanic activity) or was part of an intrinsic mode of variability.

Reminds me of the UK met Office annual predictions, which forecast annual global temperatures based on atlantic multidecadal oscillation, ENSO, solar, recent volcanic activity and, crucially, radiative forcing due to GHG.

The warming period from about 1920 — 1950 has been attributed to a combination of greenhouse gases (which were increasing through the period to some extent), solar changes, and unusually low volcanic activity.

What he really means, of course, is that additional volcanic activity, had it taken place, would have added more aerosols, thus slowing the overall dissipation, which would in turn have enhanced the cooling effect of said aerosols.

The «volcanic eruptions», which we may for convenience compare to the infra - visual activity of such substances as radium, take place usually in the «evening» are stimulated by the smoke and industrial combustions of the «day» and are intensified in certain places which may, for the want of a better term, be called «dark places».

I read somewhere that at least 75 % of all volcanic activity takes place under the sea, which would seem reasonable given the relative area of land and sea.

For instance, the warming that began in the early 20th century (1925 - 1944) is consistent with natural variability of the climate system (including a generalized lack of significant volcanic activity, which has a cooling effect), solar forcing, and initial forcing from greenhouse gases.

The LIA had centennial - scale records of solar minima and high volcanic activity, both of which contributed to the cooling.

The other point about volcanic emissions: the majority of the activity is in the oceanic spreading zones, which release carbon into the water, but because it is absorbed by the water, the gas isn't released for some time, sometimes up to 1000 years.

The second one, which I buy into more, because the data is pretty solid, is during periods of low solar activity, volcanic activity (major volcanic activity) increases.

Anyway that said, I came across this study when I was looking at volcanic activity around the Antarctic Peninsula, billed as a «pristine» site for measuring carbon dioxide, it is surrounded by volcanic production of carbon dioxide which can't be for all practical purposes told apart from «man made fossil fuel production».

Muon densities increase more in higher latitudes at times of weak solar magnetic activity, which is why volcanic activity in the higher latitudes will be affected more by this process.

The Western Antarctic Ice Shelf (WAIS) which is the Northern most part of the peninsula is the only area of slight periodic decline and that is in fact due to volcanic activity.

Results of the detection and attribution analysis shows that these declines are attributable to the anthropogenic forcing, which is dominated by the effect of increases in greenhouse gas concentration, and that they are not caused by natural forcing due to volcanic activity and solar variability combined.

It has now become clear to scientists that the Medieval Warm Period occurred during a time which had higher than average solar radiation and less volcanic activity (both resulting in warming).

According to Fred Pearce (2015) there appears to be a relationship between climate change and shifts in the earth's crust, which suggests that the world faces an upsurge in volcanic activity