Sentences with phrase «volcanic aerosols»
"Volcanic aerosols" refers to tiny particles and droplets that are released into the Earth's atmosphere during a volcanic eruption. These particles can include gases, ash, and other materials. They are suspended in the air and can have various effects, such as cooling the temperature, altering weather patterns, and impacting air quality. Full definition
Further, during volcanic eruptions the ocean cools but for another reason: because volcanic aerosols shade the sun and thus the oceans are heated less than normal.
realclimate.org
And yes, if there were no lack of additional volcanic aerosols then the rebound would be delayed.
The reason why sulfate aerosols rather than solid particles are being considered is primarily atmospheric residence time and partly because of the experience with volcanic aerosols.
Thus the changes in the stratosphere are basically a function of the greenhouse gases, ozone levels and volcanic aerosols there.
Question for the scientists: if it were to be discovered that volcanic aerosols make the spread of drought worse, but industrial aerosols slow it down, what would account for the difference?
And while some affects of aerosols are not certain the effects of volcanic aerosols are very certain.
Because volcanic aerosols can reach the stratosphere, they hang around much longer than man - made aerosols.
Volcanic activity can not explain the difference between DePreSys and NoAssim because both include forcing from volcanic aerosol in the same way.
Bourassa, A.E., A. Robock, et al. 2012: Large volcanic aerosol load in the stratosphere linked to Asian monsoon transport.
... our results indicate a greater role for volcanic aerosols in past decade - to - century climate than found in some previous work and a lesser, but still significant, role for solar forcing.»
El Nino intensity and frequency increase during solar minima because negative NAO / AO increases, and major stratospheric volcanic aerosol events increase, also increasing El Nino conditions.
Previous explanations for early Arctic warming have including decreased volcanic aerosols and increased solar radiation, but none of these have been able to simulate observed conditions from the period.
The only direct real - world inputs to these models, in a climate change simulation context, are changes in atmospheric chemistry and composition (such as increasing greenhouse gases, or changing volcanic aerosols) and changes in solar radiation.
On the other hand, we are also probably underestimating a negative aerosol forcing, e.g., because we have not included future volcanic aerosols.
We know volcanic aerosols only last a relatively short amount of time in the air, and thus their direct effect on the reduction in solar radiation at the surface lasts only a brief time, although (perhaps lesser known), volcanoes do carry a very long - term signature in the deep ocean.
Another way is to rely on the fact that volcanic aerosols only persist in the atmosphere for a couple of years, so we can get a good estimate of the non-volcanic background level by computing 10 - point moving averages which leave out the two highest values.
The IPCC AR4 report says anthropogenic aerosols are a net negative forcing (just like volcanic aerosols).
as a follow up to your comment on volcanic aerosol transport, I was curious as to how fast anthropogenic aerosols are spread before they are removed, and if they are totally confined to the troposphere?
But this «wall of wind» is a weaker feature at lower altitudes so volcanic aerosol was able to penetrate at altitudes below 13 kilometres.
Firstly you say «If there were no lack of additional volcanic aerosols then the rebound would be delayed.
You simply can not build a physical climate model that reproduces the current warming from variations in solar radiation and volcanic aerosols alone.