Sentences with phrase «volcanic cloud»

These appear as particle - rich «fingers» descending from the base of volcanic clouds and have commonly been observed during volcanic explosive eruptions.

While aviation is a short - term immediate application for volcanic cloud modeling, there are also long - term climate applications.

Volcanic clouds look like ordinary ones, but the silicate particles they contain can damage jet engines.

The danger posed to airplanes by volcanic clouds is not well understood, so officials are trying to limit exposure as much as possible

More accurate volcanic cloud forecasts could reduce airline cancellations and rerouting costs.

«The capability of mapping the full extent of a three - dimensional structure of a moving volcanic cloud has never been done before,» said Nickolay A. Krotkov, physical research scientist with the Atmospheric Chemistry and Dynamics Laboratory at NASA Goddard.

«We have received many calls from concerned customers that are stuck as a result of this massive volcanic cloud of ash,» said Bill Dismore, Executive Vice President of iTI.

This surprising discovery could explain why some volcanic clouds contain much less sulphur dioxide than might be expected.

There must have been at least two million tonnes of ice in the transparent regions of the volcanic cloud, say Rose and his colleagues in this week's issue of Nature (vol 375, p 477).

«With the OMPS instrument, the volcanic cloud is mapped as Suomi NPP flies directly overhead and then as it looks back, it observes three vertical slices of the cloud,» said Eric Hughes, a research assistant at the University of Maryland, who is working with Krotkov at NASA Goddard.

A volcanic cloud contains two kinds of aerosols: sulfuric acid droplets converted from SO2 and silicate volcanic ash.

While measurements of aerosol absorption in ultraviolet do not differentiate between the smoke, dust and ash aerosols, only volcanic clouds contain significant abundances of SO2, so satellite measurements of SO2 are especially valuable for unambiguous identification of volcanic clouds.

Knowing both the physical location and the altitude distribution of aerosols in the volcanic cloud allow more accurate forecasts in the days, weeks and months after an eruption.

Under the capitalized, bright red headline «Volcanic Cloud: Paris Airports Closure,» bulletins continuously pushed back the expected duration of flight bans.