Sentences with phrase «volcanic gas emissions»

Researchers from the Oxford University Department of Earth Science worked in collaboration with the Universities of Exeter and Southampton to trace the global impact of major volcanic gas emissions and their link to the end of the Triassic period.

Not exact matches

Gigantic volcanic eruptions and the greenhouse gas emissions they caused wiped out around 90 percent of all animal species according to estimates.

«If you went back to 1850 and repeated history» — meaning the same volcanic eruptions, the same solar variability, the same greenhouse gas emissions — «the overall temperature increase would be about the same, but you would end up with somewhat different temperature records due to the inherent randomness in the climate.»

Their findings: natural influences such as changes in the amount of sunlight or volcanic eruptions did not explain the warming trends, but the results matched when increasing levels of greenhouse gas emissions were added to the mix.

For the first time, this study allowed researchers to analyse the effects of the climate change on the forest nutrient cycles, and states that Pyrenean forests can register these episodes chemical mark at a global scale (for instance, volcanic eruptions in remote areas) and the effects of gas emissions into the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution.

Professor Sybren said: «It can be excluded, however, that this hiatus period was solely caused by changes in atmospheric forcing, either due to volcanic eruptions, more aerosols emissions in Asia, or reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

In Earth's past the trigger for these greenhouse gas emissions was often unusually massive volcanic eruptions known as «Large Igneous Provinces,» with knock - on effects that included huge releases of CO2 and methane from organic - rich sediments.

Could some be introduced by meteorite / astroid impacts, volcanic activity, or different emission of radon gas from Earth's interior?

Any change in the strength of natural (volcanic, solar) influences based on historical variations will have an opposite effect on the influence of greenhouse gases, and thus on man - made emissions.

For this reason, we consider here the effects on the stratosphere of not only emissions of ozone - depleting substances (ODSs), but also of emissions of greenhouse gases, natural phenomena (e.g., solar variability and volcanic eruptions), and chemical, radiative, and dynamical sratosphere / troposphere coupling

The other point about volcanic emissions: the majority of the activity is in the oceanic spreading zones, which release carbon into the water, but because it is absorbed by the water, the gas isn't released for some time, sometimes up to 1000 years.

«We use 1280 years of control simulation, with constant preindustrial forcings including constant specified CO2, and a five - member ensemble of historical simulations from 1850 — 2005 including prescribed historical greenhouse gas concentrations, SO2 and other aerosol - precursor emissions, land use changes, solar irradiance changes, tropospheric and stratospheric ozone changes, and volcanic aerosol (ALL), following the recommended CMIP5 specifications.

First, while the early 20th century warming was likely predominantly naturally - caused (i.e. low volcanic activity and increasing solar activity), there was also a significant human contribution as greenhouse gas emissions began to ramp up.

Non-biogenic CH4 includes emissions from fossil fuel mining and burning (natural gas, petroleum and coal), biomass burning, waste treatment and geological sources (fossil CH4 from natural gas seepage in sedimentary basins and geothermal / volcanic CH4).

These minute airborne particles, and also gases that lead to their formation, can come from factory and vehicle emissions, volcanic eruptions and biomass burning, sea spray and desert winds, and even natural forest and soil emissions.

For this reason, we consider here the effects on the stratosphere of not only emissions of ozone - depleting substances (ODSs), but also of emissions of greenhouse gases, natural phenomena (e.g., solar variability and volcanic eruptions), and chemical, radiative, and dynamical stratosphere / troposphere coupling

Difficult, complicated science questions like the interplay between natural climate variability (e.g., volcanic eruptions, solar minimums, the El Niño - La Niña cycle) and manmade, fossil fuel - based energy consumption — which accelerates greenhouse gas emissions and drives climate change — still need further clarification.

To identify the effects of human activity on temperature, we simulate the model (estimation sample 1960 — 1998) with post 1998 values of solar insolation, SOI, and volcanic sulfates held at their 1998 level while allowing greenhouse gas concentrations and sulfur emissions to evolve as observed.

Conversely, holding greenhouse gas concentrations and sulfur emissions at their 1998 values and allowing solar insolation, SOI, and volcanic sulfates to evolve as observed generates a forecast that is consistent with the observed pattern of temperature change.

The decadal predictions system, Met Office decadal prediction system: DePreSys, achieves this by starting predictions from observed atmospheric and oceanic conditions, and including projected emissions of greenhouse gases and variations in natural climate forcings (volcanic and solar activity).

Radiative forcing is a way to quantify an energy imbalance imposed on the climate system either externally (e.g., solar energy output or volcanic emissions) or by human activities (e.g., deliberate land modification or emissions of greenhouse gases, aerosols, and their precursors).

Additional information for how volcanic CO2 emissions compare to anthropogenic CO2 emissions is available at Gases: Man vs. the Volcano.

Such is the complexity of rainfall patterns that changes can be caused both by human factors, such as greenhouse gas emissions and atmospheric pollutants, and natural factors, such as changes in the sun's activity and explosive volcanic eruptions.