PROVIDENCE, R.I. [Brown University]-- Tiny beads of
volcanic glass found on the lunar surface during the Apollo missions are a sign that fire fountain eruptions took place on the Moon's surface.
Tiny beads of
volcanic glass found on the lunar surface during the Apollo missions are a sign that fire fountain eruptions took place on the Moon's surface.
Not exact matches
That view began to change in 2008, when researchers
found water inside tiny spheres of lunar
volcanic glass.
They
found absorption bands characteristic of the iron in
volcanic glass, a shiny substance similar to obsidian that forms when magma cools too fast for its minerals to crystallise (Geology, DOI: 10.1130 / G32755.1).
But when Lavigne's team examined shards of
volcanic glass from this volcano, they
found that they didn't match the chemical composition of the
glass found in polar ice cores, whereas the Samalas
glass is a much closer match.
«The combination of water and halogens
found in the
volcanic glasses enables us to preclude local seawater contamination and conclusively prove the water in the samples was derived from the mantle,» Dr Kendrick said.
Unlike microcrystals, for example, the tubules have complex forms — often observed abruptly changing direction to avoid intersecting each other, in a manner consistent with tunneling microbial behavior — and contain organic molecules associated with biological activity; the Ries tubules are also similar to fossil traces of microbes
found in
volcanic glass.
Oldest known, bacterial «trace fossils»
found as mineralized tubes with organic residues in undersea
volcanic glass 3.34 billion years old, which were etched by «rock - eating» bacteria along cracks (more).
Scientists have
found traces of carbon in
volcanic glass collected from the Apollo missions to the Moon.
Last summer, we
found small pieces of
volcanic glass in a cave that might be from an eruption that occurred in Indonesia nearly 70,000 years ago.
This can become difficult since the ice chronologies can only be checked by
finding and definitively identifying tephra (
volcanic glass shards) that can be attributed to these key eruptions; sulphate peaks in the ice are not volcano specific.