Sentences with phrase «volumes of water ice»

New images taken by the ESA's Mars Express orbiter have provided a fresh look at a region believed to be hiding large volumes of water ice just beneath the surface.

Not exact matches

This requires no such nerve - wracking processes; it is literally as easy as boiling water for the first hour or so, and then you'll keep an eye on it and stir it regularly until it is just a slip of its original volume, intense magnification of the original taste, and oh so gooey on a crepe (filled with fresh banana and mango, here), on ice cream or on a spoon.

The fifth and sixth planets, both in the habitable zone, are more than half water — a volume so large that the water pressure alone could force much of it into a form of ice, Unterborn says.

Since the density of pure water ice is ca. 920 kg / m3, and that of sea water ca. 1025 kg / m3, typically, around 90 % of the volume of an iceberg is under water, and that portion's shape can be difficult to surmise from looking at what is visible above the surface.

Analyzing the data from 1979 to 2014, the researchers found the solar heat input through open water surfaces correlated well with ice melt volume, suggesting heat input is a major causative factor of melting ice.

With a volume of more than 700,000 cubic miles and an average thickness of 4,000 feet, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) holds enough water to raise sea levels by 15 to 20 feet — and it is already sweating off 130 billion tons of ice per yeIce Sheet (WAIS) holds enough water to raise sea levels by 15 to 20 feet — and it is already sweating off 130 billion tons of ice per yeice per year.

This glacial meltwater lake was enclosed in ice and experienced a massive breach during this period, which emptied an enormous volume of water into the ocean,» explains Herrle.

They are motivated by the humbling realization that our knowledge of undersea life as a whole is only slightly less sketchy than our knowledge of life under those Antarctic ice shelves: Even where the water is not covered by ice, its sheer volume — not to mention the difficulty of seeing and moving through it — means that it is nearly all aqua incognita.

What is alarming is that the volume of water and the extent and rapidity of its movement is suprisingly much greater than previously believed, and that a possible, perhaps likely, effect of this on ice sheet dynamics is to make the ice sheets less stable and more likely to respond more quickly to global warming than previously expected.

On November 16, 2011, scientists announced that data from NASA's Galileo probe (which operated from 1989 to 2003) appear to reveal at least two bodies of liquid water the volume of the North America's Great Lakes underneath the surface ice of Europa.

A major, previously unknown subglacial lake near the grounding line of Whillans Ice Stream is observed to drain 2.0 km3 of water over ~ 3 years, while elsewhere a similar volume of water is being stored subglacially.

To understand sea - level change means understanding not only the transfer of land ice into the ocean, but also, for example, how the gravitational field of the Earth changes as inconceivably large water volumes shift around the planet.

Sea level rise has two primary components: the expansion in volume of seawater with increased temperature and the addition of water in ocean basins from the melting of land - locked ice, including Antarctica and Greenland.

Scientists have long suspected that the network of cracks in Europa's ice sheet could indicate a large volume of water underneath, and recent analysis of magnetic field data from the Galileo probe seems to confirm there is a salty ocean down there.

Further, melt - water of the floating ice - sheets will reoccupy same volume of the displaced water by floating ice - sheets causing no sea - level rise.

And it's also important to remember that, while sea ice is increasing in Antarctica, glaciers and ice shelves are all melting rapidly, producing large volumes of fresh water.

The typical estimate of the sea - level change is five metres, a value arrived at by taking the total volume of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, converting it to water and spreading it evenly across the oceans.

# 49 The contribution of these large glaciers seems just that in terms of ice and water volume, but put in the context of sverdrups, is another question.

The changes in volume over a season also tell us how much ice is produced, how much heat is extracted from the ocean, how much brine is injected into the ocean as a result of ice growth and how much melt water is injected back into the ocean.

Another possibility might be a slowing of deep circulation (not sure how much there is, mind), in which case the opposite occurs, and the surface waters heat up even faster, leading to yet more rapid surface melt, smaller winter ice volumes and so on.

The energy need to melt a volume of ice is equal to the energy needed to warm water by 80 C. Thus the energy that can produce 0.6 C of warming would cause the melting of 0.6 / 80 = 0.75 % of the ice cover per year.

Such floods are only constrained by the volumes of water and ice in the system.

This would seem to suggest that if the volume of ice melt is as great as suspected, that there had to be a greater salinity in the region that was mixing with the melt water to reduce the expanse and depth of the brackish region.

Idea: volcano heated ocean to increase melt of artic ice: Volume of water in artic (about 1 % of world's ocean vol.)

The volume of water unleashed by the melting ice raised global sea levels by close to 2 one - hundredths of an inch; were all of Greenland's ice to melt, Steffen predicts, sea levels could be lifted by as much as 21 ft - an unlikely possibility.

The main issue is that sea ice is fresher than sea water (has less salt), and since salty water is more dense (1028 kg / m3) than fresher water (1004 kg / m3 for 5 psu), the volume of sea water displaced by the ice is slightly less than the volume of the ice if it melted.

On decadal and longer time scales, global mean sea level change results from two major processes, mostly related to recent climate change, that alter the volume of water in the global ocean: i) thermal expansion (Section 5.5.3), and ii) the exchange of water between oceans and other reservoirs (glaciers and ice caps, ice sheets, other land water reservoirs - including through anthropogenic change in land hydrology, and the atmosphere; Section 5.5.5).

Scientists estimate the past volume of ice - sheets in the following way: As water freezes, different isotopes (types of chemicals) tend to freeze out at different rates.

As to sea level rise due to displacement of mantle, because rock is denser than ice, more water must be drawn from the sea to displace the mantle than the volume of the mantle displaced.

Ice displacement patterns such as the one below will drive a great volume of ice out of the Arctic Ocean and into warmer wateIce displacement patterns such as the one below will drive a great volume of ice out of the Arctic Ocean and into warmer wateice out of the Arctic Ocean and into warmer waters.

For instance, if global warming were to increase the volume of water in the oceans by causing glaciers or other ice bodies to melt, this would cause the weight of water in the oceans to increase.

If ice is in a glass and you fill it to the top doesn't the volume of water stay the same as the ice melts?

Whether it exists as ice or water, it still has the same mass, it still displaces the same volume and there's no change in the volume of the ocean if it melts.

In summary the melting of land ice floating on the ocean will introduce a volume of water greater than that of the originally displaced sea water, hence raising the water level a little.

Siberian Arctic shelf ice volumes is partially function of the ratio of fresh water inflow from great Siberian rivers (Ob & Yenisei & Lena) and the saline Arctic sea waters.

Measuring the distance apart and speed of 2 satellites in space orbiting the earth to the width of a human hair with no margin for error [damn those drift recalculations], and taking into account unknown factors with respect to the true values for water depth, water weight at different salt concentrations, ice depth magma flows, volcanic activity etc [ie making a lot of guesses], plus taking human motivation on board [like CO2 increase must melt ice surely] can give you an accurate measurement of the volume ice in Antarctica.

Snow water equivalent - The equivalent volume / mass of water that would be produced if a particular body of snow or ice was melted.

Greater volumes of intruding warm water cause greater reductions of ice in the Barents and Kara Seas, deep inside the Arctic Circle.

From historic droughts around the world and in places like California, Syria, Brazil and Iran to inexorably increasing glacial melt; from an expanding blight of fish killing and water poisoning algae blooms in lakes, rivers and oceans to a growing rash of global record rainfall events; and from record Arctic sea ice volume losses approaching 80 percent at the end of the summer of 2012 to a rapidly thawing permafrost zone explosively emitting an ever - increasing amount of methane and CO2, it's already a disastrous train - wreck.

- Why have comparable warm water currents not appeared in the Southern Hemisphere, under the influence of the global warming, to reduce Antarctic sea ice / ice Volume as it has in the Arctic?

It sounds like you have no clue about the details of sea ice loss over the past few decades, nor the most critical of all the metrics — see ice volume, which is directly impacted by the warmth of both the ocean water as well as the atmosphere.

The new study, accordingly, uses a computer model of Antarctica to study the consequences of adding huge volumes of salt water to different portions of the ice sheet.

Reynolds, 5.15 (± 0.64), Statistical (same as June) The long - term loss of extent in summer is largely driven by volume decline of ice in the Arctic Ocean mediated by the resulting increase in open water formation efficiency.

They are limited only by the amount of water the glaciers themselves release — ice masses that hold volumes of water often measured in cubic kilometers.

We use realistic estimates of mass redistribution from ice mass loss and land water storage to quantify the resulting ocean bottom deformation and its effect on global and regional ocean volume change estimates.

As water vapour occupies about 1000 times the volume of the water / ice it comes from that has the possibility to create very large forces (witness old time condensing steam engines).

The outgoing flow through Fram Strait carries with it large volumes of fresh water as fragmented pack ice, a flow that is strongly episodic at decadal scale and is associated with the series of so called Great Salinity Anomalies observed within the circulation of the subarctic gyre and in the Nordic seas that were discussed in the previous chapter.

A third of the permanent snow and ice on New Zealand's Southern Alps has now disappeared, according to research based on aerial surveys by the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research.The researchers say that that since 1977, the volume of ice on the nation's Southern Alps has shrunk by more than 18 cubic kilometres [continue reading...]

«This allows us to get a better picture of projected regional ice volume change and potential impacts on local water supplies, and changes in glacier size distribution,» Radic said.

Ice - sheet volume is controlled by the balance between mass input and mass loss; mass input is almost entirely due to snowfall, and mass loss is from iceberg calving supplied by flow of the ice sheet, or runoff of melt watIce - sheet volume is controlled by the balance between mass input and mass loss; mass input is almost entirely due to snowfall, and mass loss is from iceberg calving supplied by flow of the ice sheet, or runoff of melt watice sheet, or runoff of melt water.