In theory the citizens
vote for candidate X because they share his / her electoral offers or promises, but sometimes those candidates don't do what they said.
It is taken to be a fact of considerable political interest that so many say they are going to
vote for candidate x and so many say they are going to vote for candidate y.
In a political poll, those who say they are going to
vote for candidate x are not cross-examined to determine the authenticity of their stated intent.
Not exact matches
For example, three
Candidates A, B and C receive 60, 37, and 3 per cent of the popular
vote in State
X. Because State
X has 10 electoral
votes, the
candidate would receive 6, 4 and 0 electoral
votes, respectively (see Table 1).
Just not both from State
X. On the other hand, electors from State Y and State Z are perfectly free to
vote for two State
X candidates.
What the Constitution says is that an elector of State
X is not allowed to
vote for both a presidential
candidate who resides in State
X and a VP
candidate from State
X.
Peter Looker
for Schenectady County Legislature, District 3 8th /
x candidates for one seat; 466
votes, 1.12 % http://www.schenectadycounty.com/sites/default/files/EL45.HTM
Elmer Bertsch
for Niskayuna Supervisor 3rd / 3
for one seat; 204
votes, 3.03 % http://www.schenectadycounty.com/sites/default/files/EL45.HTM Joseph Levy
for Saratoga Springs Supervisor 5th /
x candidates for one seat; 245
votes, 1.56 % http://www.saratogacountyny.gov/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Summary-report.pdf
Hank Bardel
for Staten Island Borough President Campaign Details 3rd /
x candidates for one seat; 773
votes, 0.84 % https://enrweb.boenyc.us/CD213380.html
Eric Graf
for Syracuse City Council District 2 Campaign Details 2nd /
x candidates for one seat; 543
votes, 19.79 % https://ongov.resultscaster.com/start.aspx?usersessionid=none
Alexander Brownstein
for Niskayuna Town Board 5th /
x candidates for two seats; 227
votes, 1.74 % http://www.schenectadycounty.com/sites/default/files/EL45.HTM Walda Chesnut
for Niskayuna Town Board 6th / 6
for two seats; 181
votes, 1.39 % http://www.schenectadycounty.com/sites/default/files/EL45.HTM
In that case,
candidate A (the winner in rule
X) is surely elected, hence the
voting rule is simply equivalent to the
voting rule
X.
For example, if
X is Range
Voting, then the composite
voting rule is equivalent to Range
Voting.
Oddly, «Kathy» makes no mention of the fact that Rice is a Democrat, as most of these robos have been doing by saying something along the lines of: «
Vote (
candidate X), Democrat,
for state attorney general.»
TLDR; in statistics, a mean value is meaningless unless you know the confidence interval
for a given error probability (any poll saying that
candidate Y will get
X votes actually tells, in the fine print, something like «we are 95 % sure that the
candidate will receive at least
X-error
votes and at most
X + error
votes»)
Back to today the only remedy we have on the table is a referendum to change the way we
vote from one
X on the ballot paper (first past the post) to a series of 1, 2, 3,... preferences
for each of the
candidates (the alternative
vote).