And because our archaic
voting system tends towards the creation of safe seats, there are a lot of places where incumbents stay in position for a long time.
Not exact matches
We are not to intellectualize in a way that removes our focus from the very practical concerns of
tending the sick, caring for the vulnerable, participating in community life (like Calvin, who concerned himself with the sewage
systems in Geneva) or
voting, getting the car fixed, recycling old newspapers, making meals.
In contrast, single member districts systemically underrepresent diffuse, politically extreme ideological factions which are minorities almost everywhere which
tends to moderate the political
system as a whole (something that instant runoff
voting also does).
Unfortunately, without it the
system tends to suffer from the problem you mentioned upfront, strategic
voting.
The result of all this is that FPTP bodies
tend towards dual party
systems after a while; the similar candidates fight it out in primaries so that in the real election, there's only two major choices and the effect of
vote splitting is minimized.
This
system is very proportional but it may
tend to favour larger parties somewhat if many
votes are heavily fragmented across many smaller parties.
In principle any
system with repeated elections does this to some extent as regards politicians, in that people
tend not to
vote for a politician or party which is thought to breaks promises.
It is especially obvious when epsilon
tends to 0: then, the
voting system is equivalent to
system X, whatever it is.
You are
voting to make Scotland's voice heard in that
system that has so often in the past
tended to side - line and ignore Scotland.
In a multi-party landscape, a first - past - the post
voting system with single - member constituencies will
tend to produce governments which enjoy only minority popular support.
UKIP
tend to fall out of the news a lot between elections, I expect that they will hold or improve their
vote slightly on last time in the European Elections and in the General Election, especially in a campaign where they have a number of elected representatives and where the list
system works in their favour.
Instituting runoff
voting, proportional representation, will create a multi-party
system that
tends to do around the world — and then, you have shifting coalitions depending on the issue.