Compared to nearby ground - level instruments and nearby airports and surrounding COOPs, it is clear that a strong
warm bias exists, partially because of the rooftop location.
«In direct contradiction to Richard Muller's BEST study, the new Watts et al 2012 paper has very effectively shown that a substantive
warm bias exists even in the mean temperature trends....»
http://pielkeclimatesci.wordpress.com/2012/07/29/comments-on-the-game-changer-new-paper-an-area-and-distance-weighted-analysis-of-the-impacts-of-station-exposure-on-the-u-s-historical-climatology-network-temperatures-and-temperature-trends-by-w/ «In direct contradiction to Richard Muller's BEST study, the new Watts et al 2012 paper has very effectively shown that a substantive
warm bias exists even in the mean temperature trends.
Not exact matches
[1] CO2 absorbs IR, is the main GHG, human emissions are increasing its concentration in the atmosphere, raising temperatures globally; the second GHG, water vapor,
exists in equilibrium with water / ice, would precipitate out if not for the CO2, so acts as a feedback; since the oceans cover so much of the planet, water is a large positive feedback; melting snow and ice as the atmosphere
warms decreases albedo, another positive feedback,
biased toward the poles, which gives larger polar
warming than the global average; decreasing the temperature gradient from the equator to the poles is reducing the driving forces for the jetstream; the jetstream's meanders are increasing in amplitude and slowing, just like the lower Missippi River where its driving gradient decreases; the larger slower meanders increase the amplitude and duration of blocking highs, increasing drought and extreme temperatures — and 30,000 + Europeans and 5,000 plus Russians die, and the US corn crop, Russian wheat crop, and Aussie wildland fire protection fails — or extreme rainfall floods the US, France, Pakistan, Thailand (driving up prices for disk drives — hows that for unexpected adverse impacts from AGW?)
Either way, he renders his reporting, on the matter of climate change and global
warming, illegitimate; probably maintains his considered claim to legitimacy based on his uninformed perspective and his
existing market base, with established
bias.
However, no data
exist to 10 evaluate if this
warming included a seasonal
bias.
The station where a
bias or shift is know to
exist in the data record may still be used in estimation of missing reports at nearby high quality stations for non-critical points (i.e not a recent,
warm or cold value.
Thus, there now
exists a built in
bias impacting global
warming calculations, which heat - up the actual climate reality.
Cool
biases are sure to
exist and perfectly cancel the
warm biases
It seems likely that similar poor siting
biases also
exist in global thermometer datasets, and this has probably led to an overestimation of the amount of «global
warming» since the 19th century.
Moreover, it is not clear that the relationship that happens to
exist in CMIP5 models between present day
biases and future
warming is a stable one, even in global climate models.
What is the basis for believe that there
exist ANY
bias on that account, let alone, a
warming bias?
Moreover, whilst some downwards
bias in HadCRUT4v4
warming may
exist, there are also possible sources of upwards
bias, particularly over land, such as the effects of urbanisation and of destabilisation by greenhouse gases of the night - time boundary layer.
Given that the radiation reaches the satellite sensors having travelled through a
warming lower atmosphere and cooling stratosphere, that
bias exists between the various sensors, issues with orbital decay, and a host of other obstacles, there's a lot of careful and painstaking analysis required, and much that can go wrong.
C / decade and the simulated ensemble mean over the models, calculated from the grid boxes of the models where observations
exist (which is flawed in my opinion, since excluding of mostly the high latitudes from the model data may emphasize a
warm bias in lower latitudes in the models making them appear
warmer than they are, but a possible cold
bias of the global observations data set is not excluded in this way) had a trend of 0.3 deg.
The instrumental temperature data that
exist before 1850, although increasingly
biased towards Europe in earlier periods, show that the
warming observed after 1980 is unprecedented compared to the levels measured in the previous 280 years, even allowing for the greater variance expected in an average of so few early data compared to the much greater number in the 20th century.