Two other important features are conspicuous in the dipole temperature pattern: extremely warm temperatures in the Arctic near Alaska and
warm ocean temperatures in the eastern Pacific.
That period is still playing out, fed primarily by
warm ocean temperatures in the tropical Atlantic that fuel hurricanes.
Johnson hypothesizes that
warmer ocean temperatures in 2012 and 2013, which were 1.3 °C higher than the previous decade's average, allowed the crabs to move north.
While El Niño is a cyclical climate phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean — marked by
warmer ocean temperatures in the tropics and a weakening of the usual easterly trade winds — it can impact weather around the globe.
I've also been reading some reports about much
warmer ocean temperatures in the Arctic, another reason sea - bed methane could be released.
If the globe were an archery target with
the warmest ocean temperatures in the center and the coolest on the outer edge, Kiritimati, or Christmas Island as it's sometimes called, would be the bullseye.
Not exact matches
While this is bad news for the planet, it's good news for climate change scientists who have — for the last two decades — puzzled over
warming trends
in ocean surface
temperatures for nearly 20 years.
Evidence from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) shows that global sea levels
in the last two decades are rising dramatically as surface
temperatures warm oceans and...
This year, the Atlantic was
warmer than average — Klotzbach says August through October will likely rank third or fourth
in terms of highest tropical Atlantic
Ocean temperatures.
The floods have been triggered by the weather event known as El Nino, a
warming of surface
temperatures in the Pacific
Ocean that wreaks havoc on weather patterns every few years.
Those weather patterns are linked to
warmer surface
temperatures in the Pacific and Atlantic
oceans, respectively, and correlated with the timing of observed floods on the lower Mississippi.
The recent hurricanes presented a rare opportunity for Lasker and Edmunds to study how corals recover from disasters — an important line of research
in a
warming world where rising
ocean temperatures are stressing reefs.
This year's Atlantic hurricane season will be «above normal,» with 12 to 18 storms, thanks
in part to unusually
warm ocean temperatures, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration said yesterday.
When
ocean cycle shifts, globe is likely to
warm up When climate models were run that included the stronger winds, they were able to reproduce the slowdown
in surface
temperatures.
Ecologists have watched
in horror as unusually
warm ocean temperatures have prompted corals to «bleach», or expel the symbiotic algae that provide much of their food.
Higher sea surface
temperatures led to a huge patch of
warm water, dubbed «The Blob,» that appeared
in the northern Pacific
Ocean more than two years ago.
Despite slower
temperature shifts
in ocean waters,
ocean life from plankton to fish have begun moving
in response to global
warming
The
ocean around the Galápagos Islands has been
warming since the 1970s, according to a new analysis of the natural
temperature archives stored
in coral reefs.
There are three main time scales to consider when it comes to
warming: annual
temperature variation from factors like
warming in the Pacific
Ocean during El Niño years, decadal
temperature swings and long - term
temperature increases from global
warming.
The research, an analysis of sea salt sodium levels
in mountain ice cores, finds that
warming sea surface
temperatures in the tropical Pacific
Ocean have intensified the Aleutian Low pressure system that drives storm activity
in the North Pacific.
Scientific observations show that
in the Arctic,
warming temperatures have led to a 75 % loss
in sea ice volume since the 1980s, and recent reports suggest the Arctic
Ocean will be nearly free of summer sea ice by 2050, said Sullivan.
TURTLE TROUBLE Green sea turtle populations
in parts of the Great Barrier Reef are becoming increasingly female because their eggs are being incubated at higher
temperatures due to
warming ocean waters.
The
warming correlates with hotter
temperatures in the tropical Pacific
Ocean, according to the study's authors.
Studies of historical records
in India suggest that reduced monsoon rainfall
in central India has occurred when the sea surface
temperatures in specific regions of the Pacific
Ocean were
warmer than normal.
The exceptional strengthening of a high - pressure area
in Siberia, which brought freezing
temperatures to Finland
in late February and early March, may be partly the result of atmospheric
warming over the Arctic
Ocean.
The other
ocean temperature study, also published Sunday
in Climate Nature Change, used Argo and other data to tentatively conclude that all of the
ocean warming from 2005 to 2013 had occurred above depths of 6,500 feet.
One of the biggest lingering issues
in the global
warming slowdown is the full impact of the natural
temperature cycles of Earth's
oceans.
During its positive phase the
ocean temperatures in the tropical Pacific are unusually
warm and those outside this region to the north and south are often unusually cool.
A study
in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences finds that the planet's
warming oceans are inducing fish to get smaller as a strategy to deal with increased
temperature.
Analyzing data collected over a 20 - month period, scientists from NASA's Goddard Space Flight center
in Greenbelt, Md., and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found that the number of cirrus clouds above the Pacific
Ocean declines with
warmer sea surface
temperatures.
As of March 2013, surface waters of the tropical north Atlantic
Ocean remained
warmer than average, while Pacific
Ocean temperatures declined from a peak
in late fall.
Two University of Michigan researchers and a Florida colleague found two abrupt
warming spikes
in ocean temperatures that coincide with two previously documented extinction pulses near the end of the Cretaceous Period.
Global
warming is also contributing to the rising
ocean temperatures on the whole, but «the
warming of the
ocean alone is not sufficient to explain what we see,» said Eric Rignot, a glacier expert at the University of California, Irvine,
in an emailed comment on the new study.
The oscillation is a pattern of climate variability akin to El Niño and La Niña — weather patterns caused by periodic
warming and cooling of
ocean temperatures in the Pacific — except it is longer - lived.
Over the past 60 years, winter
temperatures in the northwestern part of the peninsula have soared by 11 degrees F. Year - round
temperatures have risen by 5 degrees F and the surrounding
ocean is
warming.
Taylor and her colleagues also tested water
temperature and pH levels
in the laboratory to study the impact of
ocean warming and acidification on the exoskeletons of several species of crustacean.
The wind keeps a layer of
warm water near the surface
in Indonesia, reducing the
temperature difference across the Indian
Ocean and so minimising the strength of positive IOD events.
NOAA routinely monitors
ocean temperatures, and our colleagues there noticed unusually large and sustained
warming early
in the season around Bermuda.
The visualization shows how the 1997 event started from colder - than - average sea surface
temperatures — but the 2015 event started with
warmer - than - average
temperatures not only
in the Pacific but also
in in the Atlantic and Indian
Oceans.
However, DiNezio's own modelling work also suggests that ENSO will continue
in a
warmed world: although the rise
in temperatures pushes the Pacific towards a permanent El Niño, the
ocean pushes back.
However, certain areas
in the
oceans could be unusually
warm and skew the overall long - term average
temperature results of some of those prior studies, Shuman says.
Their findings, based on output from four global climate models of varying
ocean and atmospheric resolution, indicate that
ocean temperature in the U.S. Northeast Shelf is projected to
warm twice as fast as previously projected and almost three times faster than the global average.
For example, polar bears swim
in the Arctic
Ocean where they face negative
temperatures whereas other bears live
in warm, southern California.
«Our research indicates that as global
warming continues, parts of East Antarctica will also be affected by these wind - induced changes
in ocean currents and
temperatures,» Dr Jourdain said.
«When we included projected Antarctic wind shifts
in a detailed global
ocean model, we found water up to 4 °C
warmer than current
temperatures rose up to meet the base of the Antarctic ice shelves,» said lead author Dr Paul Spence from the ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science (ARCCSS).
Another principal investigator for the project, Laura Pan, senior scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research
in Boulder, Colo., believes storm clusters over this area of the Pacific are likely to influence climate
in new ways, especially as the
warm ocean temperatures (which feed the storms and chimney) continue to heat up and atmospheric patterns continue to evolve.
«Even
in this current
warming climate, some mountains are so high that the
temperatures are still below freezing, and the
warming ocean may provide more precipitation to drive some of the glaciers to advance,» Batbaatar said.
As
temperatures increase with global
warming, more icebergs disintegrate
in the
ocean, creating a noisier environment
Climate modeling shows that the trends of
warming ocean temperatures, stronger winds and increasingly strong upwelling events are expected to continue
in the coming years as carbon dioxide concentrations
in the atmosphere increase.
Besides shrinking
in extent, the sea ice cap is also thinning and becoming more vulnerable to the action of
ocean waters, winds and
warmer temperatures.