And, worryingly, the research suggests that as these glaciers melt and retreat backward, the shape of the seabed will continue to expose many of them to
warm ocean water for hundreds of miles as the ice moves inland.
Should you be enticed into
the warm ocean waters for a swim, the beach is just ten steps away.
Not exact matches
One explanation
for why the season is so active is that all of the components that make hurricanes are near ideal conditions: The
ocean waters are at their
warmest they get all year (and are somewhat hotter than usual).
Warm ocean waters provide the fuel for hurricanes, and warm air causes the water to evapor
Warm ocean waters provide the fuel
for hurricanes, and
warm air causes the water to evapor
warm air causes the
water to evaporate.
Conditions are otherwise favorable
for intensification through Sunday, with a moist atmosphere, light wind shear less than 10 knots, and very
warm ocean waters near 30 °C (86 °F).
The perfect recipe
for a strong hurricane includes
warm ocean water and little wind shear.
It's made up of clean
warm water, plenty of salt and a blue food colouring
for the
ocean effect.
Ocean currents bringing unusually
warm water,
for instance, could shift away more from Greenland, or move in closer, he said.
Researchers can measure annual changes in how the melt rate occurs,
for example, or the effects of a single pulse of
warm deep -
ocean water.
In a recent paper published in Nature Geoscience, his team identified two deep underwater cavities beneath the glacier that they note could be pathways
for relatively
warm ocean water to reach the underside of the glacier, enhancing its melting.
«The
ocean bed is quite complex, and there are some regions that provide access
for warm, deep
ocean water to those glaciers,» Scheuchl says.
The long - term geological record reveals an early Cenozoic
warm climate that supported smaller polar ecosystems, few coral - algal reefs, expanded shallow -
water platforms, longer food chains with less energy
for top predators, and a less oxygenated
ocean than today.
So,
for example, a big part of what drives a hurricane is the fact that you've got a lot of
warm water near the surface of the
ocean that is transferring heat into the air, and that's what's moving up, and that is a big part of then what's propelling the entire bigger storm system.
One idea,
for example, was that the formation of the Isthmus of Panama, the narrow strip of land linking North and South America, could have altered
ocean circulations during the Pliocene, forcing
warmer waters toward the Arctic.
«When we included projected Antarctic wind shifts in a detailed global
ocean model, we found
water up to 4 °C
warmer than current temperatures rose up to meet the base of the Antarctic ice shelves,» said lead author Dr Paul Spence from the ARC Centre of Excellence
for Climate System Science (ARCCSS).
A new study led by the University of Texas Institute
for Geophysics has found that wind over the
ocean off the coast of East Antarctica causes
warm, deep
waters to upwell, circulate under Totten Ice Shelf, and melt the fringes of the East Antarctic ice sheet from below.
Totten Glacier, the largest glacier in East Antarctica, is being melted from below by
warm water that reaches the ice when winds over the
ocean are strong — a cause
for concern because the glacier holds more than 11 feet of sea level rise and acts as a plug that helps lock in the ice of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet.
Warm ocean water, not warm air, is melting the Pine Island Glacier's floating ice shelf in Antarctica and may be the culprit for increased melting of other ice shelves, according to an international team of research
Warm ocean water, not
warm air, is melting the Pine Island Glacier's floating ice shelf in Antarctica and may be the culprit for increased melting of other ice shelves, according to an international team of research
warm air, is melting the Pine Island Glacier's floating ice shelf in Antarctica and may be the culprit
for increased melting of other ice shelves, according to an international team of researchers.
In 1998, he says, the
ocean cooled by a few degrees, and predators left
for warmer waters.
And yet the best models had called
for a quiet season because it was a year of El Niño, a recurring pattern of
warm water in the eastern Pacific
Ocean.
According to the researchers, to better understand if Matthew's intensification was aided by the
warm -
water eddies and the residing barrier layer in the Caribbean Sea's upper
ocean, more ambient and in - storm upper
ocean observations in this basin are needed to improve forecast models
for the region.
For example, scientists have found that El Niño and La Niña, the periodic
warming and cooling of surface
waters in the central and eastern tropical Pacific
Ocean, are correlated with a higher probability of wet or dry conditions in different regions around the globe.
A team of researchers from the GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre
for Ocean Research Kiel together with colleagues from Bergen, Oslo and Tromsø (Norway), have now discovered that large - scale sedimentation caused by melting of glaciers in a region off Norway has played a greater role in gas hydrate dissociation than warming ocean wa
Ocean Research Kiel together with colleagues from Bergen, Oslo and Tromsø (Norway), have now discovered that large - scale sedimentation caused by melting of glaciers in a region off Norway has played a greater role in gas hydrate dissociation than
warming ocean wa
ocean waters.
The continued top ranking
for 2016 may be due in part to El Niño, a cyclical climate event characterized by
warmer - than - average
waters in the equatorial Pacific
Ocean, which generated some of the global heat that year.
Global - change scientists might move a coral from a reef to an aquarium whose
water is held 1 °C higher to test the effects of the
ocean warming predicted
for the end of the century.
As a result of atmospheric patterns that both
warmed the air and reduced cloud cover as well as increased residual heat in newly exposed
ocean waters, such melting helped open the fabled Northwest Passage
for the first time [see photo] this summer and presaged tough times
for polar bears and other Arctic animals that rely on sea ice to survive, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.
The Gulf Stream, an
ocean current that brings
warm water from the equator toward the North Atlantic, has been credited with this observed variation in temperature
for over a century.
«There are characteristic patterns of increase and decrease,
for example, in response to an El Nino event,» which is a cyclical climate event marked by
warming waters in the western Pacific
Ocean that has global impacts, Zwiers says.
For example, the Gulf of Mexico has an east - west coastline that prevents a northerly or poleward shift of species in response to
warming ocean waters,.
When their
waters get
warmer, their metabolism accelerates and they need more oxygen to sustain their body functions,» said William Cheung, co-author of the study, associate professor at the Institute
for the
Ocean and Fisheries and director of science
for the Nippon Foundation - UBC Nereus Program.
In the Pacific and Indian
oceans,
for example,
warming water has already kicked off a coral bleaching event.
Warmer waters increase fish's need
for oxygen but climate change will result in less oxygen in the
oceans.
In addition, the study authors write, the rift is providing a channel
for warm ocean water to creep toward the interior of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, gnawing away at the Ferrigno Glacier from below.
For decades, research on climate variations in the Atlantic has focused almost exclusively on the role of
ocean circulation as the main driver, specifically the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, which carries
warm water north in the upper layers of the
ocean and cold
water south in lower layers like a large conveyor belt.
Geologists studying a region in the Mexican state of Veracruz have discovered evidence to explain the origin of the Wilcox Formation, one of Mexico's most productive oil plays, as well as support
for the theory that
water levels in the Gulf of Mexico dropped dramatically as it was separated from the rest of the world's
oceans and Earth entered a period of extreme
warming.
Time series of temperature anomaly
for all
waters warmer than 14 °C show large reductions in interannual to inter-decadal variability and a more spatially uniform upper
ocean warming trend (0.12 Wm − 2 on average) than previous results.
Warm ocean waters along Alaska's coast have also contributed, Rick Thoman, climate science and services manager
for the NWS's Alaska region, said.
The search
for this subsurface
ocean warmed up after scientists discovered plumes of mineral - rich
water vapor squirting out of cracks near the south pole.
Results: Mix some
warm ocean water with atmospheric instability and you might have a recipe
for a cyclone.
El Niño is most widely known
for how it shifts the location of
warm ocean waters, leading to cooler - than - normal
waters in the western tropical Pacific but
warmer - than - normal in the central and eastern parts of the basin.
The Center
for Ocean Solutions writes: «Between 1951 and 1993 zooplankton biomass off Southern California decreased by 80 % as a result of
warming surface
waters.»
The
warmer ocean waters mean more moisture in the atmosphere
for the storm to suck up; the cold air over the continent ensures that moisture falls as snow.
Ocean warming, which is caused by climate change, is a serious threat to coral reefs, especially
for coral reefs in shallower
waters.
Ocean heating accounts
for about 40 percent of global sea level rise, because
water expands as it
warms up; global average sea level from January through November was also a record high, the WMO said.
Hurricanes feed off
warm water and the theory that rising
ocean temperatures are making them stronger than they would otherwise have been has been around
for a long time.
Current stated priorities
for the NRDC include curbing global
warming, reviving the world's
oceans, defending endangered wildlife and ensuring safe and sufficient
water supplies.
As the
ocean warms,
for example, it releases CO2 to the atmosphere, with one principal mechanism being the simple fact that the solubility of CO2 decreases as the
water temperature rises [204].
This could be do to changes in
ocean circulation, and
warming waters reaching the grounding lines
for ice shelves in Arctic and Antarctica, leading to non-linear increase in melting and sea level rise, impossible to avoid on our current path.
He shows how
warming ocean waters gave Hurricane Katrina the added strength to blow right through Florida and on to New Orleans, and he documents worst - case scenarios
for accelerated change.
Take a dip in the
warmer waters of the Indian
Ocean and find yourself swimming with the Penguins — its great
for kids of all ages, you will enjoy it too!