From the Southwest to the Great Lakes, temperatures have been so high and rainfall so low that the drying effect of
warmer air temperatures far exceeded what little precipitation there's been, resulting in moisture being drawn out of soils.
Not exact matches
«
Warm temperatures in the Arctic cause the jet stream to take these wild swings, and when it swings
farther south, that causes cold
air to reach
farther south.
The
temperature differential between the cold of the
far North and the
warmer air of the temperate zones to the south fuel the jet stream, which steers weather patterns in the Northern Hemisphere.
September is by
far my favorite month with the crisp morning
air that turns into
warm summer - like
temperatures by day's end, the abundance of pumpkin spiced everything (although I can't get on board with the overly sweet Starbucks #PSL), and an excuse to finally don a sweater.
If a larger mass of
warm air has to pass through it, more energy is transferred, through the evaporator's fins (so that even the evaporator's design and, in particular, its exchange surface play an important part) from the
air to the liquid refrigerant allowed inside it by the TEV or orifice tube so it expands more and, along with the absolute pressure inside the evaporator, the refrigerant's vapor superheat (the delta between the boiling point of the fluid at a certain absolute pressure and the
temperature of the vapour) increases, since after expanding into saturated vapour, it has enough time to catch enough heat to
warm up
further by vaporizing the remaining liquid (an important property of a superheated vapour is that no fluid in the liquid state is carried around by the vapour, unlike with saturated vapour).
Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the
air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any
warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a
warming due to an increase in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so
far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be
warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea prevents much
temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released in the cold part of the year when ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight in the winter would not be so delayed).
What is unusual is the amount of melting so
far in the Antarctic, spurred by
warm air temperatures and shifting winds.
«The dramatic changes in lake ice may also contribute to
further warming of the entire region, because open water on lakes contributes to
warmer air temperatures, albeit to a lesser extent than open seawater,» Surdu said.
Satellite pictures (below) clearly show that the recent loss of winter Arctic ice has occurred along the pathway by which
warmer waters enter the Barents Sea, deep inside the Arctic Circle, while simultaneously
air temperatures far to the south remain cold enough to maintain a frozen Hudson Bay.
The conditions for both the
warmest and driest years is generally created, the scientists said, when increased coastal
temperatures warm air in the lower atmosphere, creating a ridge of high pressure that ramps up
temperatures even
further and blocks rain - bearing storms from reaching the state.
As the CO2 and CH4 (methane) level goes up, H2O vapour in the atmosphere falls which — because H2O is 30 times more important than CO2 as a «greenhouse gas» offsets the effect of CO2 on
temperature, while cloud cover and albedo increases because
warmed moist
air rises to form clouds,
further cooling the world.
According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NASA, the UK Met Office, and other groups that monitor the planet's thermostat, 2017 was by
far the
warmest year to occur without an El Niño event, which can boost ocean and
air temperatures and was partly responsible for propelling 2016 to the top spot on the list of
warmest years.
Depending on how
far east winter storm tracks travel up the east coast, the battle line between cold arctic
air masses to the west and
warm Atlantic
air to the east causes significant
temperature changes.
«In Antarctica's
far north (Anvers Island)
air temperatures have become VERY
warm and ice no longer forms on the sea.»
All that is needed is to add heat carried upwards past the denser atmosphere (and most CO2) by convection and the latent heat from water changing state (the majority of heat transport to the tropopause), the albedo effects of clouds, the inability of long wave «downwelling» (the blue balls) to
warm water that makes up 2 / 3rds of the Earth's surface, and that due to huge differences in enthalpy dry
air takes
far less energy to
warm than humid
air so
temperature is not a measure of atmospheric heat content.
The «Beast from the East» was the name given by the media to an unusual weather pattern which saw
warmer that average
temperatures over the arctic sending colder
air further south than normal, resulting in much of western Europe being hit with sustained low
temperatures and heavy snow, blown in from Siberia.
TIS, There's a huge difference between the
air temperature in the few meters near the surface, which is
warmed by conduction and radiation off the immediate surface and the rest of the troposphere, which is
warmed by influences from
far away.
Craig King -
Further to Bob Loblaw's comments; that global surface
air temperatures are
warming faster than upper ocean
temperatures is well - observed and completely uncontroversial.
Stroeve and her colleagues are also starting to see evidence of Arctic amplification — the phenomenon by which the lower amount of ice in the summer leads the ocean to absorb more heat, which is then released in the autumn as
air temperatures drop, bringing
further warming.