The Michigan Tech chamber works differently due to cloud mixing between a hot and cold surface, the same process that forms clouds or fog over a lake on fall days when the water temperature is
warmer than the air temperature.
The Michigan Tech chamber creates clouds through cloud mixing between a hot and cold surface — the same process that forms fog over Portage Lake on fall days when the water temperature is
warmer than the air temperature.
And water or sand only slightly
warmer than air temperature will not heat air much.
Not exact matches
The first week of 2017 will bring
warmer -
than - seasonal
temperatures, followed by a return to colder
air by midweek.
The findings were not a total surprise, with future projections showing that even with moderate climate
warming,
air temperatures over the higher altitudes increase even more
than at sea level, and that, on average, fewer winter storm systems will impact the state.
First, sea - surface
temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico have been higher
than normal in the past couple of months, due to global
warming, which means the
air that flowed north would have been
warmer to start with.
Mori et al. identified two circulation patterns that drove winter
temperatures in Eurasia from 1979 to 2013: the Arctic Oscillation (which confines colder
air to the polar latitudes) and a pattern dubbed «
Warm Arctic and Cold Eurasia» (WACE), which correlated both to sea - ice loss in the Barents - Kara Sea and to particularly cold winters; its impact has more
than doubled the probability of severe winters in central Eurasia.
The results — along with a recent Dartmouth - led study that found
air temperature also likely influenced the fluctuating size of South America's Quelccaya Ice Cap over the past millennium — support many scientists» suspicions that today's tropical glaciers are rapidly shrinking primarily because of a
warming climate rather
than declining snowfall or other factors.
«In order to sleep well during the summer when
temperatures are
warmer than normal, we may need to adapt by using more
air conditioning, added fans at night and other technologies to counteract altered future
temperatures.»
Previous work by Hook using satellite data indicated that many lake
temperatures were
warming faster
than air temperature and that the greatest
warming was observed at high latitudes, as seen in other climate
warming studies.
In the case of Scottsbluff, Vatistas and his team found that the
temperature inside the tornado would have dropped from a comfortably
warm background
temperature of 27o C to a chilly 12o C. And at the tornado's centre, the researchers estimated the
air density would have been 20 per cent lower
than what's found at high altitudes.
With more
than 70 percent of China's energy coming from coal, a power source that contributes heavily to
air pollution and global
warming, the nation's bad or good energy practices in buildings will be reflected in the color of the sky and the
temperature of the Earth.
Despite the strong
warming trend of the past 15 years, worldwide
temperatures have risen less
than models predict, given the build - up of carbon dioxide in the
air to 25 per cent above pre-industrial levels.
Scientists measured how much carbon dioxide the artificially
warmed plants respired — released into the
air via their leaves — and learned that over time, the trees acclimated to
warmer temperatures and increased their carbon emissions less
than expected.
However, for the globe as a whole, surface
air temperatures over land have risen at about double the ocean rate after 1979 (more
than 0.27 °C per decade vs. 0.13 °C per decade), with the greatest
warming during winter (December to February) and spring (March to May) in the Northern Hemisphere.
The observed fact that
temperatures increases slower over the oceans
than over land demonstrates that the large heat capacity of the ocean tries to hold back the
warming of the
air over the ocean and produces a delay at the surface but nevertheless the atmosphere responds quit rapidly to increasing greenhouse gases.
I am very cuious if you found a variance between Upper
Air and Surface
warming... I calculated total amospheric refraction
temperatures, ie from data extracted by analyzing optical effects, some of my results show an impressive yearly
warming trend, much stronger
than the surface based one.
More
than 90 % of global
warming heat goes into
warming the oceans, while less
than 3 % goes into increasing the atmospheric and surface
air temperature.
The former is likely to overestimate the true global surface
air temperature trend (since the oceans do not
warm as fast as the land), while the latter may underestimate the true trend, since the
air temperature over the ocean is predicted to rise at a slightly higher rate
than the ocean
temperature.
As a hurricane, Sandy had a
warm core, meaning that
temperatures near the storm's center were
warmer than the surrounding
air, but colder
air eventually worked its way into the center of the storm.
If the
air temperature is relatively
warm then your thyroid will have to work very little and therefore your basal
temperature may appear higher
than it truly is.
The
temperature controls took more
than just a glance to make sure I wasn't going to blow hot
air, and the seat
warmers on low registered nary a BTU according to my back - side thermometer.
To counter Cairns»
warm temperatures, all YHA rooms have
air - conditioning — a rare treat for a hostel that charges less
than the price of avocado toast to stay the night.
So, if you have two identical glass greenhouses with thermally isolated mercury thermometers at equilibrium in the sunlight [One with
Air at Press =P, and the 2nd w / CO2 at Press =P], and you close the blinds — you will see the thermometer in the CO2 greenhouse retain its
temperature longer — not because of any «global
warming» type effect, but simply because
Air conducts heat to the walls of the greenhouse better
than Air does.
Second, as Gavin pointed out, the land - ocean
temperature index tends to underestimate the truth because it's based on sea surface
temperature rather
than air temperature, while the meteorological - station index
temperature tends to overestimate the truth because land
warms faster
than ocean.
Excerpt: Livermore CA (SPX) Nov 01, 2005 If humans continue to use fossil fuels in a business as usual manner for the next several centuries, the polar ice caps will be depleted, ocean sea levels will rise by seven meters and median
air temperatures will soar 14.5 degrees
warmer than current day.
So, if you have two identical glass greenhouses with thermally isolated mercury thermometers at equilibrium in the sunlight [One with
Air at Press =P, and the 2nd w / CO2 at Press =P], and you close the blinds — you will see the thermometer in the CO2 greenhouse retain its
temperature longer — not because of any «global
warming» type effect, but simply because
Air conducts heat to the walls of the greenhouse better
than CO2 does.
Temperature tends to respond so that, depending on optical properties, LW emission will tend to reduce the vertical differential heating by cooling warmer parts more than cooler parts (for the surface and atmosphere); also (not significant within the atmosphere and ocean in general, but significant at the interface betwen the surface and the air, and also significant (in part due to the small heat fluxes involved, viscosity in the crust and somewhat in the mantle (where there are thick boundary layers with superadiabatic lapse rates) and thermal conductivity of the core) in parts of the Earth's interior) temperature changes will cause conduction / diffusion of heat that partly balances the differenti
Temperature tends to respond so that, depending on optical properties, LW emission will tend to reduce the vertical differential heating by cooling
warmer parts more
than cooler parts (for the surface and atmosphere); also (not significant within the atmosphere and ocean in general, but significant at the interface betwen the surface and the
air, and also significant (in part due to the small heat fluxes involved, viscosity in the crust and somewhat in the mantle (where there are thick boundary layers with superadiabatic lapse rates) and thermal conductivity of the core) in parts of the Earth's interior)
temperature changes will cause conduction / diffusion of heat that partly balances the differenti
temperature changes will cause conduction / diffusion of heat that partly balances the differential heating.
The former is likely to overestimate the true global surface
air temperature trend (since the oceans do not
warm as fast as the land), while the latter may underestimate the true trend, since the
air temperature over the ocean is predicted to rise at a slightly higher rate
than the ocean
temperature.
I am very cuious if you found a variance between Upper
Air and Surface
warming... I calculated total amospheric refraction
temperatures, ie from data extracted by analyzing optical effects, some of my results show an impressive yearly
warming trend, much stronger
than the surface based one.
Although the climate conditions of the Antarctic continent are colder and drier
than in the Peninsula, ice shelf thinning could be caused by a
warmer ocean instead of
warmer air temperatures.
It also concludes that current northern hemisphere surface
air temperatures are significantly higher
than during the peak of the Medieval
Warm Period (MWP).
In a cascading manner, that is why
air temperatures drop the instant a cloud passes in between the earth and the observer and why night - time
temperatures are lower
than day - time
temperatures (except in the unusual climatic conditions whereby wind might carry
warmer air during the night - time over a cooler area).
However, despite near normal rates of ice loss during the month, June 2015 was a relatively
warm month (Figure 7) with 925 hPa
air temperatures up to 2.5 C higher
than average near the North Pole and East Siberian Sea, with even
warmer air temperatures in the Kara Sea (up to 4.5 C).
water consequently stops freezing [not unless it is
warmer than air temp], so the latent energy falls and so the
temperature tends to stabilize at that point.
Warm air holds more moisture
than cool
air, so the heaviest precipitation events could become heavier as
air temperatures tick upward.
My understanding is that the Arctic
air temperatures are
warming faster
than the Antarctic.
Dana, I think you are pushing in the right direction with this; heat content is a much more direct measure of the underlying changes to the climate system
than average
air temperatures and climate science communicators should make heat content their first response to the suggestion that global
warming is something that waxes and (allegedly, recently) wanes.
An ocean that is 0.2 C
warmer than the
air can not possibly raise the
air temperature more
than 0.2 C.
And
air temperatures over exposed land surfaces should
warm differently
than air temperatures over sea ice, especially when open ocean separates them.
The «
warming hole» is a region over the North Atlantic, just south of Greenland, where long - term
temperature maps suggest
air temperatures have been cooling slightly over the last century, rather
than warming like most of the rest of the world.
It is more efficient in the winter to draw heat from the relatively
warm ground
than from the atmosphere where the
air temperature is much colder, and in summer transfer waste heat to the relatively cool ground
than to hotter
air.
Roger disputed that carbon (as CO2) caused any
warming, that honest, unaltered science thought CO2 to be the consequence rather
than the driver of
temperature increases, that increasing CO2 in the
air was sourced by natural phenomena rather
than mostly man - made, and that to decrease CO2 to levels required by regulation would start to starve plants, making more folks on the planet to starve accordingly.
More
than 90 % of global
warming heat goes into
warming the oceans, while less
than 3 % goes into increasing the atmospheric and surface
air temperature.
As the Earth
warms and sea level rises, it is inundated with seawater, which is 12 - 15 degrees
warmer than the average
air temperature.
The only significant atmospheric
warming is where the local average
air temperature is LOWER
than 280K.
Water takes longer to heat up and cool down
than does the
air or land, so ocean
warming is considered to be a better indicator of global
warming than measurements of global atmospheric
temperatures at the Earth's surface.
On balance the evidence shows that solar and oceanic variations are more likely the cause of recent observations of
warming in the
air than increasing CO2 in the
air but the issue can soon be resolved by observing the global
air temperature changes that occur during and after the extended cycle 23 and the probable weak cycle 24.
Note that focusing on surface
air temperatures misses more
than 90 % of the overall
warming of the planet.
From an OSU press release: CORVALLIS, Ore. — An analysis of 35 headwater basins in the United States and Canada found that the impact of
warmer air temperatures on streamflow rates was less
than expected in many locations, suggesting that some ecosystems may be resilient to certain aspects of climate change.